1, Hou Yuanyuan (BC143)-the first year of Jianyuan (65438 BC+040 BC): Wei Wan, Jianling.
In the year of Hou Yuanyuan (BC 143), the Prime Minister Liu She was dismissed. In August, Han Jing appointed Wei Wan, a physician, as Prime Minister and made him the Hou of Jianling. He served as prime minister for three years, Han Jing died (14 1 years ago), and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne. In the first year of Jianyuan (BC 140), when Emperor Han Jingdi fell ill, many innocent prisoners were wronged in the court. As prime ministers, they failed to take responsibility for the grievances and were dismissed. After Wei Wan died (13 1 years ago), posthumous title mourned.
2. The first year of Jianyuan (BC140)-the second year of Jianyuan (BC 139): Dou Ying, Wei Qihou.
Dou Ying is the son of Dou's cousin. When Wu Chu rebelled in the Seven Kingdoms, he was appointed as a general by Emperor Jingdi, who supervised the Zhao military forces. After the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was pacified, Emperor Han Jing named Dou Ying Wei Qihou.
In the first year of Jianyuan (BC 140), after Prime Minister Wei was dismissed from office, Liang Wudi was appointed as Prime Minister and Tian Fen was appointed as Qiu. In the second year of Jianyuan (BC 139), Dou Taihou was dismissed as prime minister. In the fourth year of Yuan Guang (13 1), Dou Ying was executed for "forging the imperial edict".
3. Two years before Jianyuan (139)-six years before Jianyuan (135): from white to post-Xuchang.
In the second year of Jianyuan (BC 139), Hou Xuchang succeeded to the throne as prime minister, and Wu Zhai became an ancient scholar. In the sixth year of Jianyuan, Dou Taihou collapsed, and Prime Minister Xuchang and Taiweizhuang were dismissed by Emperor Wu for "sitting in mourning".
4. Six years of Jianyuan (former135)-five years of Yuanguang (former 130): Wu 'an Houtian Powder.
In the 6th year of Jianyuan (BC 135), Dou Taihou died and Tian Fen became prime minister. In the spring of the fifth year of Yuan Guang (BC 130), Tian Fen fell ill and died of fear soon.
5. Five years of Yuanguang (before 13 1 year)-five years of Yuanshuo (before 124 years): Houxueze, Pingji.
After Tian Fen's death, Liang Wudi appointed Han Anguo as Prime Minister. Unfortunately, however, Han Anguo fell from the car and was seriously injured. So Liang Wudi had to make Xue Ze prime minister. During his tenure as prime minister, he did nothing, and Yuan Shuo was dismissed in five years.
6. Five years of Yuan Shuo (124)-two years of Yuan Shou (12 1): Hou Gongsun-hong.
After Xue Ze was dismissed, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to appoint Gong as prime minister. However, according to the system of the Han Dynasty, prime ministers were all elected in line, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ordered 650 households in the township to be the prime minister, Gongsun Hong. In the second year of Yuanshou (before 12 1 year), Gong Sunhong, who had been prime minister for six years, took office and posthumous title presented it.
7. Yuan Shou two years (former 12 1 year)-Yuan Shou five years (former 1 18 years): Le An Hou Caili.
The cousin of Li Guang, a flying general in the Western Han Dynasty, was once the attendant of Emperor Wendi. After the death of GongSunHong, Le Anhou, an ancient scholar, Cai Li took over as prime minister. In the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1 18), Cai Li was found guilty of encroaching on the open space of Jingdi Garden, refused to accept it and committed suicide.
8. Five years of Yuanshou (former118)-two years of Ding Yuan (former 1 15): Houzhuang Qingzhai in Wuqiang.
Emperor Gaozu was the grandson of Wu Zhuang, who doesn't know (historical records were written for Zhuang) that Emperor Wen of Han attacked Jue Wu. After Cai Li's death, Emperor Wu appointed the young prince Zhuang Qing as prime minister. Ding Yuan died in the second year (former 1 15) because he was involved in framing the powerful minister Zhang Tang.
9. The second year of Ding Yuan (115)-the fifth year of Ding Yuan (1 12): Hou Zhaozhou in Gaoling.
In the second year of the Central Plains (BC 148), Emperor Jingdi was named Hou because of his father's affairs. In February of the second year of Ding Yuan, Emperor Wu appointed Prince Zhao Zhou as Prime Minister. In the fifth year of his reign, he committed suicide because he was accused of not reporting the gold donated by Hou, and was arrested and imprisoned.
10, the fifth year (112)-the second year of Taichu (103): Muqiuhou.
After Zhao Zhou left his post, Emperor Wu appointed Shi Qing, an ancient physician, as prime minister, and named him Muqiu Hou. In the second year of the lunar calendar, Shi Qing died, and the imperial court posthumous title took him as the weather.
1 1, the second year of Tai Chu (former103)-the first year of Zheng He (former 92): Ge Gongsun He.
After Shi Qing's death, he was appointed Prime Minister by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and named Ge Wei. However, the prime minister of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was not so good. Zhuang and Zhao Zhou committed suicide for three consecutive prime ministers. So he refused to accept the prime minister's gold seal and purple ribbon until he saw the anger of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Sure enough, in the second year of Zheng He (9 1), Gong Sunhe died in prison for witchcraft.
12, two years of conscription (9 1 year ago)-three years of conscription (90 years ago): Cheng Peng stayed in Houquli.
Liu Che, the younger brother of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the son of Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan, were appointed as prime ministers in the second year of Zheng He. In the third year of Zheng He's reign (the first 90 years), Liu Quli secretly colluded with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, to make Liu Bo, the king of Changyi, a prince, and was beheaded in East Chang 'an after it was exposed.
13. Four years of peace (the first 89 years)-four years of Yuanfeng (the first 77 years): the Millennium of enriching the people.
Descendants of Tianqi in the Warring States Period. Che Qianqiu succeeded Liu Quli as prime minister and was named as the Hou of enriching the people. Yuan Feng died in four years (the first 77 years), and twelve years later, posthumous title decided to wait.
Extended data
The full text is like this: "Hou You, Yan, Zhao Zhou, Gong Sunhe and Liu Quli have successively become prime ministers, and since Cai Zhiqing, the prime minister's office has only been. When I congratulated you and Qu Mao, I thought it was a horse, a garage and a handmaiden's room! Wei Qing is eager to restore the final phase, and the rest are floating clouds. "
This passage is divided into three levels. The first two articles are the list of prime ministers after Gong and the explanation of the fate of Xiangfu Guest House, which have been introduced in the previous article. What's interesting is the third level. As soon as Ban Gu turned his pen, the third pass returned to the six prime ministers and explained their fate, saying that only Shi Qing died of loyalty and prudence, and the other five had no good end.
There are at least two problems with this narrative structure of Ban Gu. Let's talk about the first point. The first and third floors of this passage are all about several prime ministers, but there is a description of Xiangfu Guest House in the middle. Why didn't Ban Gu tell their fate along the list of prime ministers? If we try to delete all the words about the changes in guest houses, we will find that it will not only affect the integrity of the words, but also make the arts and sciences more fluent.
After deleting "The Destiny of Hostel", the text becomes like this: "Hou You, Yan, Zhao Zhou, Gong Sunhe and Liu Quli took the heel as the prime minister, only to celebrate the final phase, and the rest suppressed the clouds." The meanings in the text are closely related and fit well. Why did Ban Gu insert the fate of Xiangfu Guest House in the middle?
I think Ban Gu wanted the bleak ending of Xiangfu Guest House to echo the gloomy fate of the six prime ministers and set off a special window to observe the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Under the majesty of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the prime ministers could not only keep the Xiangfu Guest House, but also control their own destiny.
The second question concerns the fate of the prime ministers. Cai Li, who succeeded Gong Sunhong, committed suicide only three years ago because of the crime of illegally occupying and stealing "state-owned" land. Less than three years later, Yan, the later prime minister, fought with Zhang Tang, an ancient scholar, and finally committed suicide.
Then, Zhao Zhou, as the prime minister, stayed in the prime minister for about three years. Finally, he became the victim of Emperor Wu's attack on princes and committed suicide in prison. With the precedent of these three prime ministers, it is no wonder that when Shi Qing was reprimanded by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for failing to properly handle the refugee problem, he was advised to commit suicide to apologize.
No wonder when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Gong Sunhe as Prime Minister, Gong Sunhe sobbed and couldn't afford to kneel down and refused to accept the post. Shi Qing did not commit suicide because of ignorance and unresponsiveness, but escaped by luck. But after him, Gong Sunhe and Liu Quli were ruthlessly killed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty because they were involved in witchcraft cases.
This is the fate of the six prime ministers listed by Ban Gu. Three people committed suicide, two were killed and one almost committed suicide. I'm so sad. Didn't the Prime Minister of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty have a better life? In fact, after Gong Sunhong, Emperor Wu appointed seven prime ministers, and after Liu Quli, there was another field. Ban Gu listed the list in Liu Qu, but did not mention Tian. It is precisely the fate of this field that is completely different from the top six.
Tian appeared after the disaster of witchcraft. Because of witchcraft, Liu Yuxin was framed and accused of using witchcraft to curse Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. According to Liu, in order to protect himself, he rushed to fight, but after the defeat, he committed suicide. This great change in human relations, which was wrapped in blood and blood, made Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty lost in thought in his later period. Tian's official position is humble, but he pretends to be God's will, complaining for the prince.
The appearance of Tian just gave Emperor Wu a step and gave him an opportunity and an excuse to rehabilitate the prince. In the case of rehabilitating the prince, within a few months, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty promoted Tian from an extremely humble position to the prime minister of the top of the hundred surnames today and named him "the rich man".
After the death of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Tian was still the prime minister. Until Yuan Feng, Emperor of the Han Dynasty, died in the fourth year (the first 77 years), Tian stayed in the phase for thirteen years. Tian in Han Sun Hong Biography was a good prime minister who was selectively forgotten by Ban Gu. Why did Ban Gu do this? In addition, what made Tian's fate? Is his talent and achievements far superior to those of previous prime ministers?
Among the six prime ministers from Cai Li to Liu Quli, Sima Qian once commented that Cai Li was "inferior" and criticized Shi Qing for "speaking for the people without any other intention". Sima Qian also has a general evaluation of the talents and achievements of other prime ministers: "Wuqiang Hou Zhuang Qing Zhai and Gaoling Hou Zhao Zhou are both prime ministers, all of whom are younger generations, honest and clean, and only serve as prime ministers. They will not invent, and their fame is worthy of the present. "
From Sima Qian's evaluation, we can draw two conclusions. First, these prime ministers are mediocre people; Second, they only act as "reserve members" in the court and can't play any role in state affairs at all. So how does Tian compare with these six people? Ban Gu said that Tian "has no talent to learn martial arts, and has no ability to cut down on reading. In short, he took the Prime Minister in October and sealed the Hou, which was unprecedented in the world. "
(Biography of Han Shu Che Qian Qiu) He had neither talent nor feats, but he just met the needs of the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to rehabilitate the Prince, so he worshipped the Prime Minister. After the death of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Huo Guang assisted the imperial court as a general. As for Tian's prime minister at this stage, Zi Jian commented: "When the political affairs have been decided, the talents of the generals will have a future in the position of prime minister. Just be honest and self-disciplined. " Still silent and doing nothing.
It seems that Tian is no better than his six predecessors in talent and advantages. Then, why is the fate of the first six presidents so bad, while Tian's fate is just the opposite? It seems that the key reason is not the prime minister, but their Liang Wudi. Why did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty always choose these mediocre people as important prime ministers since he became a public official?
There is another point about Gong that deserves our attention. He was the first prime minister born in cloth in the history of Han Dynasty. Eighteen prime ministers in the Han Dynasty before him were all of noble birth. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty broke the routine and appointed the palace, which may not be an eclectic use of talents.
Gong's knowledge and talent are really poor. As mentioned above, he didn't start learning Chunqiu Miscellaneous Notes until he was in his forties, and his talent selection paper was originally regarded as inferior by the examiner. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pulled it up himself. Did Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty take a fancy to the knowledge of Gong Sun Hong? No, I like a character like Gong. He is easy to control.
Since then, Gong's The Growth of Officialdom has proved that the estimation of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty is correct. As can be seen from the candidates of the last few prime ministers, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty has always adhered to this principle. The prime minister has no talent, but he can be controlled by imperial power.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty probably never thought that these prime ministers would dominate the policy direction of the Han Empire, and it was always himself who dominated the policy direction. In the process of strengthening imperial power, Liang Wudi appointed cruel officials, which caused domestic political tension. The deaths of Zhuang and Zhao Zhou are related to this. In foreign policy, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty attacked from all sides, expanded territory, wasted the national treasury, was displaced, and Shi Qing almost committed suicide, all of which were related to this.
In addition, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was puzzled by the foreigners. In order to pray for gods and immortals, he set up palaces and paraded and meditated, which further strengthened the consumption of social wealth. Moreover, it was the superstitious mentality of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty that was exploited, which led to the disaster of witchcraft. Gong Sunhe and Liu Quli died of witchcraft. Therefore, the fate of these prime ministers is almost closely related to the political crisis of that era.
Tian's fate is different, because he appeared after the reform of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The disaster of witchcraft made Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty learn from a bitter experience, began to thoroughly reflect on his past actions, and promulgated the famous Imperial edict against himself, ending the previous policy of expanding in all directions and opening wider to the outside world, and decided to turn to rest and recuperation. Therefore, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Tian as Prime Minister, and at the same time, he was named "enriching the people".
The word "enriching the people" is revealing the information of Liang Wudi's national policy of reform. Therefore, although Tian He was both prime ministers in the era of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, they belonged to different historical periods, and the boundary lay in the national policy orientation of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. The fate of the six men is closely related to the militaristic and extravagant era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, but Tian is not.
Therefore, when Ban Gu mentioned Gong Jiwei in Biography of Han Shu Gong, he abandoned Tian, but waited for six people, as well as the abandoned Xiangfu Guest House, * * * froze the special era of Emperor Wu, when Zhang struggled in life.
People's Network-Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and His Prime Minister