Scholars in the Song Dynasty gained a good learning environment under the hotbed of "emphasizing literature over martial arts". Through careful study, the literati in the Song Dynasty began to pay attention to the value of life and began to learn the art of keeping in good health. Thus, a high-end vocabulary in the Song Dynasty appeared in such an environment, that is, keeping in good health.
Because health preservation culture involves the method of prolonging life, it naturally attracted the attention of bureaucrats in Song Dynasty. So, why did Song people keep in good health? Why did scholars in Song Dynasty keep in good health?
As we all know, due to the personal reasons of Zhao Kuangyin, the ruler of the Song Dynasty, the position of "civil servant" in the Song Dynasty was very high and the treatment was extremely generous. As a scholar, the scholar-bureaucrat was respected and loved in the Song Dynasty. Therefore, in such a relaxed social environment, scholars in the Song Dynasty began to think about the value of life.
How to prolong the value of life has become a problem that scholars in Song Dynasty often think about. Later, they came to the conclusion that if they want to live a long and healthy life, they must take care of themselves. In this respect, "relying on the sky" or "relying on life" is useless.
As the poet Lu You once said, "Life and death are determined by fate, and personnel are often involved". Zhou Shouzhong, a health care expert at that time, said, "My life is on me, not in the sky". As a result, scholars in the Song Dynasty began to explore ways of keeping in good health.
At that time, there were many literati who were good at keeping in good health in Song Dynasty, such as Su Shi, Wang Anshi and Lu You. As famous poets and politicians in Song Dynasty, they not only dabbled in medical skills, but also were very good at keeping in good health.
For example, Su Shi once wrote in "Wen Gong Xuan Yun Long Zhang": "I have been miserable all my life, and my meat is often bitter." Later, he mentioned that "it is better to learn to keep in good health and take a thousand breaths at once." This shows that in the eyes of the literati in the Song Dynasty, if they don't pay attention to health preservation at ordinary times, they will easily be riddled with diseases, thus affecting people's life span.
Zhen Xiude, the minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, also warned the world: "If you don't pay attention to cultivation, you will get sick." By paying attention to health care, people can avoid suffering from illness.
Their remarks all reflect the importance that Song people attached to "preserving health and preventing diseases". It is precisely because these literati in the Song Dynasty realized the importance of health preservation that health preservation was enthusiastically sought after by the people in the Song Dynasty, which brought a beautiful situation of "group health preservation". Over time, the Song Dynasty gradually formed its own unique health care methods and ideas.
1. Prescribed diet
With the economic development in Song Dynasty, the variety of food became more and more abundant. Su Shi, for example, is a person who is keen on pursuing food. He loves mutton on weekdays, but he can still be "satisfied and not greedy" in the face of mutton.
Moreover, he also believes that "crisp fat" is actually equivalent to "intestine-rotting medicine". From this point of view, the literati in the Song Dynasty can not only eat and drink moderately, but also pay attention to the lightness of food.
At that time, the literati in the Song Dynasty highly praised "porridge". For example, Su Shi once wrote: "Flat bean porridge can also be a duh", and Lu You once wrote a seven-character poem for porridge called "Eating porridge". Reflects the Song people's love and admiration for porridge.
As we all know, most literati love wine, and Su Shi is one of them, but he is temperate about wine. However, some scholars who pay attention to health care even regard alcohol as the chief culprit in inducing evil diseases.
In fact, as long as you don't drink too much, alcohol won't do much harm to your health. Generally speaking, the word "frugality" means that you need to control what you eat. Controlling this "quantity" is the real way to keep fit.
2. the way to nourish the heart
In the Song Dynasty, one of the important means of keeping in good health was nourishing the heart. Some scholars even put forward the therapy of "clearing the heart" in Song Dynasty. Lu You, who is keen on "keeping in good health", once put forward that "having a pure heart, I am lucky to be a three-peng", in which "three-peng" refers to people's greed for money, beauty and food. Lu You believes that the source of all diseases is people's greedy desire, and excessive desire is not conducive to health.
It can be seen that people's inner peace and positive and optimistic attitude can be maintained by nourishing their hearts. Scholars in the Song Dynasty believe that long-term harassment by honor and disgrace will inevitably lead to the root of the disease. Therefore, only by "nourishing the heart" can we maintain good health and prolong life.
3. The art of "taking pleasure in suffering" for health preservation
Scholars in the Song Dynasty all praised the theory of "keeping fit with less labor". Advocate the "combination of work and rest" health care method. Lu You believes that the elderly should do more "housework" within their power, and through small-scale work, the blood vessels will be unblocked and the bones and muscles will be active.
"Small jobs" such as planting vegetables, raising flowers and brushing a few flowers were considered by scholars in the Song Dynasty as things that should be done. Through certain "small labor", the human body can resist all evil and prolong life.
4. The "hard" art of keeping in good health
"Great work" is essentially exercise. In the Song Dynasty, there were various ways to exercise.
It can be seen that there is already a set of "guiding skills" for exercise and health preservation. Not only that, according to the "History of Song Dynasty", "Mao learning to ride and shoot needs to be above people." This shows that the ruling class loves riding and shooting. "History of Song Dynasty" also records: "March 5th, Huiwang, Prime Minister Huaihai Wang and his subordinate Cuju Daming Hall." It reflects the official attention to cuju technology.
It can be seen that the most popular "hard training" in the Song Dynasty is the modern competitive sports such as horse riding, archery and cuju. Therefore, scholars in Song Dynasty have realized that exercise is beneficial to health.
5. Sleep health "remedies"
Besides diet and exercise, sleep is also an important part of healthy steps. Wang Anshi once wrote: "Huacun has a quiet window, and dreams in the afternoon, temporarily forgetting the world. As you can see, Chu Shi in Huashan does not seek immortality to find a prescription for sleeping. It can be seen that the literati in the Song Dynasty admired the sleeping prescription.
Su Shi even provided his own secret of health preservation: "Get up at five o'clock every day, comb your hair hundreds of times with a comb, and then take a nap." Through the "catnap method", the purpose of nourishing the heart is achieved.
It can be seen that due to Su Shi's great enthusiasm for health preservation all his life, he can also "sleep out" a set of methods of nourishing his heart from drowsiness. In the minds of literati in the Song Dynasty, a good sleep was a necessary "prescription" for health preservation. They realize that high-quality sleep has a long-term positive impact on people's health.
1, the way of keeping in good health: scientific and reasonable, worth learning from later generations.
Due to the unprecedented prosperity of economy and culture in Song Dynasty and the progress and development of related medical technology, people's understanding of life has become more profound and rational. Therefore, people no longer believe in "magic" and all kinds of "panacea" that can make people live forever. They began to practice and explore health care, and summed up some practical health care "remedies" in real life.
Therefore, their regimen is full of science and rationality. By observing people's daily behaviors such as diet, sleep and exercise, they summed up a set of scientific health preservation methods, which are worth learning from in modern society.
2. The way of keeping in good health: daily, practical, simple and easy to operate.
In the Song Dynasty, the way of keeping in good health was very popular among ordinary people, doctors and gentry. This makes health care an indispensable part of people's daily life in the Song Dynasty.
After a generation of health "practice", we can naturally get the corresponding "health experience". With the passage of time, people have discovered many "tips" to keep healthy. It is these practical "techniques of keeping in good health" that make the way of keeping in good health in Song Dynasty simple, practical and easy to operate.
For example, Lu You and Su Shi, poets in the Song Dynasty, once had a "pedicure" together, and they also found a way to preserve their health in the "pedicure". Therefore, in their poems, it is suggested that people can treat foot diseases through "foot massage".
Some scholars in Song Dynasty put forward the method of "combing hair" for health preservation. In short, in the Song Dynasty, these health-preserving methods became more and more daily and practical, thus making them close to the reality of life and meeting the actual needs of people's livelihood.
Because of the strong economic and cultural strength in the Song Dynasty, the literati in the Song Dynasty began to pay attention to the way of keeping in good health, and then developed their own "method of keeping in good health". The word "keeping in good health" became a high-end vocabulary in the Song Dynasty, which can be said to be a natural process: on the one hand, the Song Dynasty attached importance to civil servants, on the other hand, the development process of "keeping in good health" in the Song Dynasty was almost unimpeded. It can be seen that it was the scholars in the Song Dynasty who led the situation of "group health preservation" and also the "hotbed" of this unique health preservation method in the Song Dynasty.
In the modern sense, the way of keeping in good health in Song Dynasty is still worth learning. With the development of modern science and technology, people pay more and more attention to taking care of their health through health preservation. The wisdom of ancient people's health knowledge provides beneficial enlightenment for the health care of our modern society. No matter how the times change, the way of keeping in good health will eventually become more and more scientific and practical.
References:
Song Shi
history
Ruins of the ruling and opposition parties