Silkworm moth family; silk moth
Lepidoptera, Bombycidae. Mainly distributed in Ethiopia and East Asia. There are more than 10 species known in China. Adult medium. Strong body. No beak, no food. Female and male antennae are comb-shaped. All wool. The larval body is smooth, and there are short horns on the back of the eighth abdominal segment. Before pupation, the larvae spin silk and form cocoons. Silkworm is the silk silkworm in the world, which originated in China and spread all over the world. Domestication from wild to domestic has a history of more than 4,000 years in China. Cultured everywhere, many varieties have been differentiated, including white and yellow silk. The owner is Mulberry.
Lepidoptera (Bombycidae): An insect of the genus Bombyx, domesticated for its silk. The sericulture industry has a long history, and silkworms originated in China have been introduced to all parts of the world and domesticated. Adult moth wings show 40? 6? 550 mm (about 2 inches), thick and hairy, with a life span of only 2? 6? 53 days, no food, and little flying. Lay about 300 eggs? 6? 5500 tablets. Larvae (silkworm) is white, hairless and has characteristic tail spines; Mainly eat mulberry leaves, sometimes eat mulberry orange or lettuce leaves; After 45 days of growth, the maximum length can reach 75 mm (about 3 inches). When the larva matures, it spits out a continuous silk with a length of about 9 15 meters (1000 yards) to form a cocoon and pupate in it. In order to make use of its silk, people kill its pupa with hot air or steam to keep its silk integrity.
Silkworm moth, alias original silkworm moth and late silkworm moth, belongs to the same insect as diet therapy. Silkworm moths have a long history of eating. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was regarded as a precious tonic by the royal family. Silkworm moth, as a traditional Chinese medicine, was first recorded in Bielu of Famous Doctors, called "protosilkworm". According to Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty, "The male silkworm moth can replenish qi, strengthen vagina, make unremitting handover and stop sperm. Tonify yang, stop ejaculation, hematuria, warm water and viscera, and treat violence, golden sore, chilblain, furuncle and scar. Silkworm moths are promiscuous and just withered when they emerge from cocoons, so they are used to nourish yin and replenish essence. [2] In Compendium of Materia Medica, the male moth is called "the national treasure of insects." The Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine records: "The original silkworm moth [indication] nourishes the liver and kidney, strengthens the yang and converges the essence. Treat impotence, white turbidity, hematuria, trauma, ulcer and scald [3].
Main nutritional components of silkworm moth
Silkworm moth contains a lot of protein and fat. According to the determination, the protein content of defatted silkworm moth is 69.9%, which is full protein. The body also contains rich physiologically active substances, such as cytochrome C, vitamin B 12 and phospholipids. The content of unsaturated fatty acids is as high as 78.6%, and essential fatty acids account for 43%. It is a good product with the same origin of medicine and food, which integrates dietotherapy, health preservation, health care and nourishing.
The male silkworm moth (g/ 100g) contains 63.2% water, 0/3.9% protein, 0/7.0% fat, 0/0.56% carbohydrate and 4.34% ash. Among them, the amino acid content (mg/ 100g) of silkworm moth protein reaches 14400, which is not only complete in amino acid types and balanced in proportion, but also appropriate in proportion, which is higher than the protein amino acid scoring model recommended by the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (WHO /FAO) [5]. The minerals and trace elements of silkworm moth (100g edible part) contain potassium 125mg, sodium 2.65mg, magnesium 9.90mg, iron 0.44mg, manganese 0.02mg, zinc 0.03mg, copper 0.03mg, phosphorus 425mg and selenium 700mg. The content of selenium can be found in the food composition table.
Silkworm moths are rich in biological substances, mainly including androgen, ecdysone, estradiol, juvenile hormone, brain hormone, insulin, prostaglandin, cyclic nucleotide, cytochrome C, etc., among which androgen plays a significant role in enhancing human immunity and sexual function; The role of ecdysone in promoting cell growth, stimulating dermal cell division and producing new life cells and germ cells; Estradiol is clinically used for various symptoms caused by ovarian dysfunction or ovarian hormone deficiency, mainly ovarian functional uterine bleeding, primary amenorrhea, menopausal syndrome and prostate cancer. Juvenile hormone has the magical effects of increasing the blood flow of immune artery, controlling the synthesis of specific protein, promoting growth and preventing aging; Brain hormone has an excellent health care effect on middle-aged and elderly people, which can promote cell growth, delay the arrival of menopause and achieve the purpose of delaying aging; Insulin has a certain effect on diabetic patients; Cytochrome C is a good medicine for carbon monoxide poisoning, sleeping pills poisoning, neonatal suspended animation, myocardial infarction, brain trauma, cerebral arteriosclerosis, pneumonia, silicosis, emphysema, nerve paralysis, leukopenia after radiotherapy and so on. Silkworm moth is also rich in vitamins, nicotinic acid, α-ecdysone and β-ecdysone, which plays an excellent role in regulating human functions.
Silkworm moths are shaped like butterflies, covered with white scales, but have lost the ability to fly because of their small wings. The head of silkworm moth is spherical, with compound eyes and tentacles protruding; The chest has a pair of chest feet and two pairs of wings; There is no abdominal foot in the abdomen, and the terminal body segment has evolved into an external genitalia. Female moths are big and slow to crawl; Male moths are small, crawling fast, and their wings vibrate fast, looking for a mate. Generally, after mating for 3 to 4 hours, the female moth can give birth to fertilized eggs. Silkworm moths (adults) leave their offspring and will soon die.
The egg laid by silkworm moth → hatching silkworm → pupation → moth transformation completes the new generation cycle. This is the life history of silkworms.