In the book What I Talk about Running, about learning, Haruki Murakami wrote:
From elementary school to university, with a few exceptions, I have little interest in what the school forces me to learn. ……
I became interested in learning after I left the formal education system, that is, after I entered the society. I found that if I study my fields of interest at my own pace and in my favorite way, I can master knowledge and technology efficiently. For example, I learn translation skills at my own expense in my own way. Although it took me a lot of time and detours until the translation style was basically finalized, the process of repeated practice made me master the knowledge I learned very solidly.
Murakami said here three important conditions for autonomous learning: cooperate with your own efforts and study your own fields of interest in a way you like. If we can do this, we can appreciate the fun of adult learning.
What is emphasized here is our own personality characteristics, because no matter how difficult it is, as long as it conforms to our own personality characteristics, we can persist for a long time.
This is also the central idea that the author Takashi Saito wants to talk about in the book Learning to Learn, and lists the "primitive learning method" adopted by sixteen great men according to their own personality characteristics.
Let's list several effective "primitive learning methods" below. Perhaps under the influence of great men, we can find a suitable learning method and get twice the result with half the effort on the road of learning.
I. Drucker's Management by Objectives &; Named thinking method "
Drucker: Known as the father of modern management science, he was the first person to systematize "enterprise management" and define it as "management science".
Management by objectives: make a specific "action plan" for yourself, which is divided into three steps: ① set goals; (2) determine the deadline; ③ Adjust according to the actual situation.
Key points: ① Define short-term goals and long-term goals. According to the level you want to achieve in three years, convert the tasks that should be completed in the first year, the first three months and today. (2) The goal should not only be thought in your mind, but also written in a visible place. It can be written on a calendar, notebook or computer gadget, and it is also important to consciously move toward the goal.
Naming thinking: don't be satisfied with obtaining information, but summarize it in your own language, that is, naming thinking. As long as we discuss "how to name" more and exercise our thinking more, it will be easy to see the essence of things clearly.
Suitable for people: people who are self-motivated but always can't see the results; A person who is narrow-minded and unable to take care of the overall situation.
Ⅱ Stephen King's "External Shielding Method"
Stephen King: Actually, it is difficult to keep studying, but Stephen King can keep writing 2,000 words every day. He once commented on the hardships of writing: "To write an article is to painstakingly pile up the words one by one."
External shielding method: If you want to trigger energy instantly, to be fully engaged and unfocused, you must first adjust your mentality, clearly tell yourself, "I must finish this within this time", and then guide yourself into the world of forgetting me. Secondly, regardless of objective conditions, ensuring a specific time period is the key. Finally, completely shield the outside world and immerse yourself in your own world.
To sum up, there are three points: ① creating a scene; 2 isolated from the outside world; 3 immerse yourself in it. Once this habit is formed, you can enter your own world at any time as long as you adjust your state in the future.
Suitable for people: people who have difficulty in developing study habits; People who like to find excuses to say that there are many things.
Ⅲ Chanel's "Observation in the Mirror"
Chanel: Chanel has a wide range of communication. She has friendship with Picasso, Jean Cocqueteaux and Stravinsky. But she always looks at herself, and uses the ritual of facing herself to help her break common sense and find inspiration.
Observation in the mirror: key word "mirror". Chanel has two principles: leading a regular life and examining her spirit in loneliness. Gazing into the mirror can help Chanel find herself and help her see herself objectively.
When you look in the mirror, you can't just see your appearance and clothes, but think about who you are in the mirror. Look in the mirror, think about the answer, and find the unique self through the mirror.
Look in the mirror and let us know ourselves again, fully restrain ourselves, constantly motivate ourselves, and then try to break the rules. Chanel found herself in the mirror and realized the value of self-existence.
Learn to face yourself when you are lonely. Although it is important to find inspiration through interpersonal communication, you should give yourself a quiet time to read and examine yourself. Only in this way can we calm down and think calmly and accept external stimuli.
In this era of being able to keep in touch with the outside world anytime and anywhere, Chanel's self-facing method will become more and more important.
Suitable for the crowd: rebellious and willful people; People who easily drift with the flow and lose themselves.
Ⅳ sakaguchi ango's "Turn over the dictionary to cut off delusional learning method"
Sakaguchi ango: Because of over-concentration on the study of Indian philosophy, Wu An is suffering from inner pain and often falls into delusion. So he chose to continue to look through the dictionary and immerse himself in learning many foreign languages. The purpose of doing this is not to learn a foreign language well, but to adjust one's psychological state.
Turn over the dictionary and cut off the delusion learning method: as long as you are awake, you will keep turning over the dictionary and immerse yourself in the work of finding word explanations. Through this behavior, let yourself stop thinking and stop getting lost.
Wu An also wrote, although in this mental state, even the efficiency of looking up the dictionary is less than one tenth of usual. But thanks to this method, he was able to successfully stop himself from falling into delusion. After about a year and a half, I found my former state.
Suitable for people: people who are prone to anxiety and depression; People who want to learn but don't know what to learn.
ⅴ Einstein's "Relaxation Learning Method"
Einstein: "If I hadn't become a physicist, I would be a musician now. Most of the fun in my life comes from the violin. " Einstein adjusted his inner balance by listening to music.
Relaxation learning method: Ekiken Kaibara mentioned in health training: "The secret of longevity is not to go to extremes and to maintain a moderate life". In other words, as long as you keep a good inner balance in your life, you can get rid of stress and live a happy, happy and long life. After studying and working, finding something that can make you feel happy can effectively adjust your heart. It doesn't matter whether it is done well or not.
Even though no one ever appreciated Einstein playing the violin well, he still enjoyed it and kept performing everywhere. He released his emotions and at the same time calmed the hearts of the listeners. So even things that you are not good at can bring happiness to others.
Suitable for the crowd: people who are easy to fall into the professional field and trapped in the small world; A person who shows little emotion.
Haruki Murakami's "Body Strengthening Method"
Haruki Murakami: Run ten kilometers every day. Take part in the marathon and challenge the triathlon. He firmly believes that in order to persist in writing good novels, it is necessary to strengthen physical strength and exercise mental and physical strength. Because what really supports mental work is a strong body.
Physical strength strengthening method: If you want to stick to the novelist's career for a long time, you must first fight against toxins in the body and establish the immune system in the body.
The harder you write, the more you need to strengthen your physique, exercise strong muscles and tough willpower, and let your body adapt to this long-term and high-intensity challenge. This is Murakami's stunt.
Suitable for people: people who tend to ignore physical importance; People who are worried about trying but can't see the results.
Here are the original learning methods of six great men. In addition, the book also introduces individualism, restriction and mutual learning, including the instant Saito-style fast learning method.
But no matter what kind of learning method, the author Takashi Saito said, as long as you find a method that suits you, learning will become very interesting. You will become more confident and persistent, and your world will become more diversified.
May each of us find a suitable learning method.