It can be seen that people's entertainment in the Song Dynasty was really ubiquitous, which gradually contributed to the drinking atmosphere and created a prosperous wine culture. For example, there is a saying in Song Ci that a glass of turbid wine makes you homesick for thousands of years, but Ran Yan has no idea. There is also Li Qingzhao's expression of leisure by drinking wine: "Always remember the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know where to go when I am drunk."
It can be seen that in the Song Dynasty, wine was not only a drink for men, but also a drink for women. Wine was deeply loved by the public at that time, so many wine varieties, brewing methods, wine industry and wine vessels appeared in the Song Dynasty, thus creating various prosperous wine cultures in the Song Dynasty.
First, all kinds of good wines and wines.
Yellow rice wine is a favorite wine of the public.
Song people love drinking, fighting and tasting wine, and there are many kinds of entertainment activities centered on wine, so there are many kinds of wine in Song Dynasty: rice wine brewed from grain, fruit wine brewed from fruit, mixed wine and white wine. Yellow rice wine is people's main wine, because most of it is brewed directly from grain and has sufficient raw materials.
Moreover, it is hand-made, with few additives, and retains the natural flavor of the grain itself. Most of them are freshly brewed, with rich fragrance and excellent taste. The main raw materials of yellow rice wine are rice, millet, corn and wheat. Because the wine brewed by these crops is mostly yellow, people used to call it yellow wine in Song Dynasty.
Some are red, that is, safflower or Arnebia euchroma is added to make the wine red. Others will use red yeast to make wine. The color of wine is rosy, which makes people drool and is more loved by people. It's just that this cocktail party has dregs, which is what people often call "turbid wine". Fan Zhongyan drank this kind of "a glass of turbid wine is Wan Li".
A refreshing and delicious wine-fruit wine
Fruit is not only used for brewing wine with grain as raw material, but also used for brewing wine. This kind of fruit wine exudes the fragrance of fruit, which is refreshing and very popular. Moreover, there are many fruits for brewing fruit wine, including wine, orange wine, pear wine, coconut wine, begonia wine, plum wine, cherry wine, litchi wine, jujube wine and so on.
Especially wine, appears frequently in many poems. For example, Lu You's "I like to pour wine and hold a lot of mink." He thinks that drinking can be compared with wearing a fur coat, which shows the preciousness of wine. Some people specially wrote a book "Beishan Wine Classic", which recorded the method of mixing grapes and rice to make wine. Other kinds of fruit wine, such as litchi wine, are rarely produced because litchi is expensive, but litchi wine is really the best fruit wine.
A Precious Royal Medicinal Liquor —— Blended Wine.
Palace medicinal liquor is also famous. Styrax and Changchun French wine are royal medicinal liquor. These wines are made from dozens of medicinal materials and are very expensive. In addition to plant medicinal materials, there are medicinal liquor made from animals, such as deer head wine, which is used by the emperor for health preservation. Generally, it will be opened at the end of the banquet. In addition, there are mutton wine, hangover wine and so on.
Shangyafei Distilled Liquor in Marriage Sacrifice —— Liquor
Liquor, as its name implies, is a highly transparent brewed wine. There is a distinction between sake and liquor in The Book of Rites. Sake is very precious, and turbid wine is used as royal wine after precipitation, so Li Bai will say, "The cost of pure wine is a gold cup, a hip flask of 10 thousand copper coins, and a jade plate is precious to several thousand dollars." Sake is a saint, liquor is a saint. Song Dynasty liquor is a non-distilled liquor brewed with rice. Because all white koji is used in brewing, the color of the finished liquor is white, so it is called "liquor".
Second, the drinking atmosphere and elegant life with profound cultural implications: wine becomes the comfort of people's feelings and the bridge and link of interpersonal communication.
There were so many wines in the Song Dynasty that there were various ways to drink them. Wine not only became people's favorite drink in Song Dynasty, but also became an important medium for some people to express their feelings and feelings.
Literati drink and have fun, and write poems and lyrics. Poets in Song Dynasty like to go to the mountains to play on sunny days, and pay tribute to wine and songs. Wang Xizhi of Song Dynasty got together with friends in Huiji Mountain in late spring, put his glass in the water and swam at will. Whoever floats there will have a drink, then improvise a song, and then talk about the world and their own feelings about life. How uncomfortable! It can be seen that wine has become a necessary drink for writers to write lyrics in their lives.
Ordinary people compete for wine and take pleasure in ordering from drinkers. The elegant life of people in Song Dynasty was more prominent in drinking. Every time before drinking, a geisha will be invited as a referee, and then flowers will be handed, starting from flower girl, singing a word and handing flowers once. In this process, geisha will also make necessary guest appearances, or be entrusted to write lyrics or offer flowers.
Moreover, the exaggerated interpretation of geisha must be in place, and if the action is a little slow, it will be fined, which will easily lead to revenge in the next round of games, and the games will become more and more exciting. The custom of drinking in Song Dynasty was very popular at that time, even foreigners were no exception. When he was in Song Shenzong, Yang Cigong was ordered by the imperial court to meet Korean monks and ordered them to drink: the names of two ancient people were used to fight for one thing.
The monk said, "Sean and Deng Yu are fighting for umbrellas. It is said to be a good (cool) umbrella, and Deng Yu said it is a rain (rain) umbrella. " Yang Cigong did not say less: "Xu You and Chao Cuo fought for a gourd, Xu You said it was an (oil) gourd, and Chao Cuo said it was a wrong (vinegar) gourd." With such eloquent eloquence and sensitive response, it can be seen that it is difficult to deal with this high-level liquor order without profound knowledge and outstanding talent.