1950s-Broadcast gymnastics became popular all over the world.
195 1 year. After the founding of New China, everything was in a hurry. While the masses are actively engaged in construction, they urgently need the simplest and most popular mass sports activities to improve the people's physical quality. 1952165438+1October 24th, broadcast gymnastics came into being in this political and economic environment.
"The first set of broadcast gymnastics starts now! The first quarter, stretching ... "
Every day, when the horn sounds, millions of workers and students use the radio to do exercises, which is unprecedented in history. In order to meet the fitness needs of different groups of people, eight sets of broadcast gymnastics have been designed successively, and special gymnastics has also been designed for teenagers, making broadcast gymnastics one of the mass fitness activities with the largest number of participants in China for decades. Radio exercise mainly makes the heart rate at 120- 140 beats/min through the flexion and extension activities of various parts of the body, which has the best effect on heart exercise.
However, this kind of fitness exercise promoted by administrative means overemphasizes the service of sports for production and national defense, and ignores the role of sports in individual development, which is not conducive to mobilizing the inherent fitness enthusiasm of participants.
1960s-Table tennis and swimming were all the rage.
In 1960s, the victory of China athletes in the 26th World Table Tennis Championships inspired tens of millions of people in China to pick up table tennis rackets. From cities to rural areas, from factories to schools, tables made of wood and bricks are everywhere, and the scale of table tennis fever is unprecedented.
In addition, Comrade Mao Zedong swam in the Yangtze River in 1957, which also inspired the swimming craze of hundreds of millions of people. On June 1 65435, Shanghai organized a large-scale mass crossing activity, which lasted for two and a half days and was attended by more than 25000 people from all over Shanghai.
So far, these two sports are still the most popular in China.
1970s-Symbolic Long-distance Running
In the 1970s, there was a new trend in mass fitness: every province and city held mass long-distance running activities before important festivals. These activities often attract millions of people to participate and have a huge social impact. For example, in June1974165438+10, Shanghai organized a symbolic long-distance race between Shanghai and Baodao, with more than1400,000 participants.
Before 1970s, mass fitness mostly lacked sports equipment and venues, but the participation rate was high, which greatly promoted the development of mass fitness. However, such activities are generally complicated and difficult to be regularized.
1980s-Fitness programs are the same every year.
Since 1980s, mass fitness programs have been like this every year: 1983, a Shaolin Temple made China Kung Fu popular in the streets, 1984, UFO games became popular, 1985, roller skating, 1986, disco fitness dance, 1987. Among the elderly, the traditional Tai Ji Chuan began to recover.
At the same time of the great prosperity of fitness methods, small fitness equipment also emerged, and having a stretcher or a grip became the proudest thing for young people at that time. Wang, who went to college at 1987, told reporters that he saved food expenses and bought himself a spring stretcher. Practicing for more than ten minutes every morning and evening has almost become a compulsory course.
In the 1980s, mass fitness began to pay attention to science, and related knowledge such as warm-up before exercise and nutrition after exercise was popularized.
Since 1990s-Fitness keeps pace with the world
In the 1990s, the concept of "saving money is better than saving health" was popular, and the fitness methods were varied, almost in step with the world. Nowadays, internationally popular fitness programs, from Taekwondo and boxing to high-temperature yoga and spinning, are available in China market. Mass fitness is not only the pursuit of health, but also the pursuit of fashion.
Nowadays, the prosperity of mass fitness content is not only manifested in absorbing foreign fitness methods, but also in many fitness methods that have appeared since the 1950s. Even the broadcast gymnastics, which was once interrupted, began to be re-launched among a considerable number of enterprise employees.
Judging from the development of mass sports in China over the past 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, external factors such as political environment and economic conditions have great influence on national fitness. But in the future, with the improvement of people's nutrition level, the change of education level, sports consumption level and sports values of ordinary people, and the increase of leisure time, the development of mass fitness will surely get better and better. In addition, as China gradually enters an aging society, while keeping pace with the world, the popular national exercise and fitness methods will gradually occupy a dominant position.
The follow is a summary by Liu Peng, director of that State sports general administration:
Vigorously carrying out mass sports activities and constantly improving people's health quality is the fundamental goal of sports work and an important means to promote people's all-round development. Since the founding of New China, the Party and the government have always attached great importance to the development of mass sports, and have successively promulgated a series of rules, regulations and policies and measures, including the System of Labor Preparation and Defending National Sports (referred to as the Labor Hygiene System) and the System of National Physical Exercise Standards. In order to meet the people's growing demand for physical fitness, in June, 1995, the State Council approved and issued the Outline of the National Fitness Plan. Since the implementation of the outline, governments at all levels and relevant departments have made great efforts to create a new situation in mass sports work with the goal of building a sports service system that is close to the people, convenient for the people and beneficial to the people, and achieved remarkable results.
Mass sports facilities spread all over urban and rural areas, providing strong support for the masses to participate in physical fitness activities. By the end of 2004, there were 850,080 stadiums and gymnasiums in China, which was 1.99 times of that in the early days of the People's Republic of China. The per capita sports ground area is1.03m2, which is 1.0 1 times of that in the early days of the People's Republic of China. Especially since the implementation of the "National Fitness Program", the central government has invested in the construction of 13 batches of "National Fitness Path Project" and built 1. 1 10,000 national fitness paths. Build 157 "National Fitness Activity Center Project" in some cities in China, and build 3 18 "Snow Charcoal Project" in economically underdeveloped areas such as the old and the young.
The level of mass sports organization has been continuously improved, covering urban and rural areas throughout the country, forming a hierarchical structure of central, provincial, prefecture-level, district-level and street (township). In order to ensure the scientificity and standardization of the National Fitness Program, sports departments at all levels, together with relevant departments, have implemented a national physical fitness monitoring system, conducted regular surveys on the current situation of mass sports, and guided and standardized mass sports and fitness activities.
Mass sports activities have flourished. From 1957 to 1966, more than 42 million people have reached the "Labor Health System" and "Youth Physical Exercise Standards". Since the promulgation of the Outline of the National Fitness Program, hundreds of millions of teenagers and children's fitness activities and hundreds of millions of farmers' fitness activities have been actively carried out in various places. The activities of "sports going to the countryside" and "sports entering the community" are deepening day by day. Activities such as "National Fitness Expo", "Mountaineering on New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival Long-distance Running" have distinctive features. "Hundreds of millions of students are engaged in all-round sunshine sports", and the activities of "National Fitness Walking with the Olympics" and various mass sports competitions are vigorously carried out. Since the founding of New China, China has held six peasant games, eight minority games, seven disabled games, nine middle school games and eight university games, and successfully held three national games with non-Olympic events as their content. According to statistics, at present, the number of people who regularly participate in physical exercise in China reaches 28.2% of the total population.
With the approval of the State Council, since 2009, August 8th has been the National Fitness Day every year. The birth of the first national sports festival is of great significance to promoting the extensive and in-depth development of national fitness. Around the arrival of the first "National Fitness Day" this year, various mass sports activities were carried out all over the country, which greatly enriched people's spiritual and cultural life.
I hope it will help the landlord.
Good luck!