Traditional view: a small amount of drinking is good for health.
Shuo Wen Jie Zi holds that wine can create both auspiciousness and evil light. Although alcohol is not used, it is also a poison to the intestines.
Hu Sihui, a medical scientist in the Yuan Dynasty, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of drinking as follows: "The wine tastes sweet and pungent, while the heat is toxic. It is better to give priority to medicine, eliminate all evils, dredge blood vessels, thicken gastrointestinal tract, eliminate sorrow and drink less; Drinking too much harms the spirit and life, changes people's nature and is very toxic. Excessive drinking is the source of death. " Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, also said, "Excessive drinking can make people die instantly." .
In recent years, some studies at home and abroad believe that a small amount of drinking is good for your health:
A small amount of drinking can improve IQ. A study by the National Life Science Association in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, found that the average IQ of men who drink less than 540 ml of Japanese sake or wine every day is 3.3% higher than that of men who don't drink, and that of female drinkers is 2.5% higher than that of teetotalers.
Drinking a small amount of alcohol can reduce the risk of heart disease. Dr ian wright from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine said: Drinking a glass of wine every day can reduce the risk of heart disease in men over 40 and postmenopausal women. In addition, alcohol can increase the protective cholesterol in the body. At the age when a small amount of alcohol is good for health, men will start at 35 and women will reach 55. This latest research shows that alcohol contributes to the health of elderly men and women.
Coincidentally, a new scientific research achievement of Montreal Heart Research Institute in Canada shows that moderate drinking can protect the heart and avoid 20% ~ 30% of coronary heart disease attacks. They believe that alcohol can control the level of total cholesterol and increase the level of high density lipoprotein for a long time. Alcohol can reduce platelet thrombosis, and alcohol in wine, spirits or beer can reduce the mortality of coronary heart disease.
Drinking a small amount of alcohol can reduce the risk of dementia. Researchers from Eiras Morse University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, conducted a six-year follow-up survey on 5395 elderly people over 55 years old (including 55 years old) without any signs of dementia. The results show that people who drink 65,438+0 ~ 3 glasses of wine a day have lower risk of dementia than those who don't drink.
"Natural" viewpoint:
Even a small amount of drinking is harmful to health.
A report in Nature magazine pointed out that even a small amount of alcohol is harmful to health. The researchers listed his supporting arguments: as long as people under 35 drink alcohol, they will increase the risk of many diseases; Men aged 35-65 drink more than 5 cups a week, and women drink more than 8 cups. The risk of illness increases with the increase of alcohol consumption.
At the same time, there are also some studies that come to a conclusion similar to Nature:
A small amount of drinking will increase the incidence of 60 diseases. Epidemiological evidence shows that studies carried out around the world since 1970 have proved that a small amount of drinking (65438+ 0 ~ 2 cups a day) can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in elderly men and women by about 20% ~ 30%, but even a small amount of drinking will increase the chance of injury and contribute to about 60 diseases, such as various tumors, cirrhosis and nerves.
A small amount of drinking will have a bad effect on the brain. A study published by American scientists also shows that no matter whether it is light or moderate drinking, it will inevitably have adverse effects on these people's brains. People who drink between 1 ~ 6 glasses a week are considered as light drinkers, while moderate drinkers drink more than 7 glasses a week. According to the results of magnetic resonance imaging, light and moderate drinkers do cause brain atrophy after drinking. This study also shows that.
No matter how much you drink, it will induce asthma attacks. Some data show that for asthma patients, no matter how much alcohol they drink, no matter how alcoholic, it is harmful. This is because alcohol can not only cause allergic diseases, but also induce asthma attacks.
A small amount of drinking will also vary from person to person.
It can be seen that a small amount of drinking may be beneficial to some diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases), but it will also increase the chances of suffering from other diseases. Experts tell us that when deciding whether to take drinking for health, we should weigh the pros and cons according to our own situation and avoid blindly following.
A general view is that whether a person can drink or not and how much he drinks every day should be decided by a doctor, because everyone's physical condition is different.
According to the current research, opinions on alcohol restriction are not unified, but some institutions and researchers have put forward some standards. In February, 2003, Washington International Wine Policy Center set the standard drinking amount of different countries as 8 grams for British people and 0/4 grams for Americans, but Japanese people can drink/0/9.75 grams for kloc, and confirmed it as 65,438+per day.
Professor Li Youming, who has been engaged in the research of alcoholic fatty liver for a long time, has discovered the incidence law of alcoholic fatty liver after years of epidemiological investigation and research, and recently formulated the "safe limit" for "drinking a little". They designed a simple formula to calculate alcohol intake, namely: alcohol consumption (grams) = alcohol consumption (milliliters) × alcohol concentration (%) × 0.8. For example, if you drink 100 ml of 52-degree (52%) liquor at one time, the alcohol content = 100 ml× 52 %× 0.8 = 41.6 g of alcohol. Drinking more than 40 g a day for more than five years, that is, accumulating more than 73 kg, 48% people will suffer from alcoholic liver disease in different degrees.
Professor Li Youming pointed out that "safe dose" is relative, because different people have different sensitivities to alcohol. Their investigation also found that if the total amount of liquor, wine, beer or any other alcoholic beverage is too large, it will be harmful to the liver. Long-term drinking is more harmful to the liver than occasional heavy drinking. Drinking every day is more harmful than intermittent drinking, and the harm of drinking a lot at a time is getting worse every day.
It is inevitable for relatives and friends to get together on holidays. Some people keep drinking or toasting when they are happy until they are in a daze. Yesterday, the reporter learned from the emergency departments of Shanghai Zhongshan and Renji hospitals that recently, due to excessive drinking, the number of patients with relapse or infusion increased, and some children were finally sent to the hospital because of excessive drinking. Medical staff reminded the public that excessive drinking will not only hurt the liver, but also hurt the stomach.
Drinking will dull children's thinking.
Dr. Chen from Shanghai Children's Hospital once met a 9-year-old "Brewmaster". As long as someone invites him to drink, no matter what wine is served, he will swallow it in one gulp, which is quite a bit like "a thousand cups are not drunk". It turns out that when friends and relatives get together, parents ask him to propose a toast or accompany adults to drink for fun. Later, the child became addicted to alcohol and was finally sent to the hospital because of frequent headaches.
According to reports, alcohol is mainly detoxified by the liver, and the final metabolites are carbon dioxide and water, which cannot provide any nutrition to the body. Excessive drinking will cause damage to liver and kidney and affect the metabolism of brain cells. The child is in the stage of growth and development, and the functions of various organs are still not perfect. Drinking at this time is harmful to your health. Some people have done experiments, even if children drink a small amount of alcohol, their attention and memory will decline. Thinking speed will become slow, which will seriously affect children's intellectual development. In addition, children's ability to detoxify alcohol metabolism is low, and children who drink too much will have headaches and even cause coma and even death. Parents must pay attention to this.
Drinking is not only harmful to the liver, but also to the whole body.
People always think that drinking will only hurt the liver, but not other parts. In this regard, Professor Kai Keung Lai, deputy director of the Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, pointed out that excessive drinking will endanger the health of the whole body. Generally, there will be the following symptoms: increased heart rate, warmer skin, dizziness and nausea, unconsciousness, failure of nervous system command, and a series of adverse consequences. Clinically, there are quite a few people who died suddenly because of alcoholism.
Professor Li said that many people think that a small amount of alcohol stimulation can make people concentrate, but the actual result is not the case. A small amount of alcohol only has some sedative effect, while a large amount of alcohol intake will seriously damage memory and attention. Drinking too much can lead to slurred speech, blurred vision and loss of balance. For the liver, long-term heavy drinking will almost inevitably lead to cirrhosis or acute pancreatitis; From the aspect of skin, alcohol is a vasodilator, which can dilate blood vessels on the body surface, cause excessive heat dissipation of body tissues, lead to cold body and lower body temperature in cold weather; People who drink a lot will also suffer from cardiomyopathy, and even lead to severe gastritis and gastric bleeding, which will do great harm to the human body and add hidden dangers to public safety.
Wine should not be eaten with carrot soda.
Professor Li reminded people to drink alcohol in moderation when eating, not to drink high-alcohol liquor, and not to eat wine with carrots. Because carrots are rich in beta carotene, when they enter the human body with alcohol, they will produce toxins in the liver, leading to liver diseases. It should also be noted that don't drink alcohol on an empty stomach. Because drinking on an empty stomach directly stimulates the gastric mucosa, it is easy to cause gastritis, gastric bleeding, digestive tract ulcer and other diseases. Chronic alcoholism will occur in the long run. Finally, avoid drinking white wine with soda. Because after drinking white wine with soda, alcohol will volatilize rapidly in people's whole body, accompanied by a lot of carbon dioxide, which is harmful to stomach, intestine, liver, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
When can't I drink?
The east. com
When drinking coffee
Alcohol will poison all cells in the human body. Caffeine is the main component of coffee. If drunk properly, it has the functions of excitement, refreshing and stomach strengthening. Excessive consumption can also cause poisoning. If alcohol and coffee are drunk together, it will add fuel to the fire, aggravate the damage to the brain, stimulate blood vessel dilation, accelerate blood circulation, and greatly increase the cardiovascular burden, causing many times more harm than drinking alone, and even endangering life.
When taking medicine
There are hundreds of drugs taken after drinking, which will increase toxicity and side effects. For example, taking drugs such as furazolidone after drinking can lead to arrhythmia, hypertension and other reactions; Another example is taking sedatives, sleeping pills, antiepileptic drugs, antiallergic drugs, antihypertensive drugs and so on. After drinking. On the one hand, it can increase the inhibitory effect on the brain, on the other hand, it will make the drug intensity increase sharply, exceeding the normal tolerance of the human body and causing danger. In particular, people who are old and weak or suffer from heart, liver and kidney diseases should avoid taking drugs after drinking.
When you catch a cold.
If a person with a cold drinks alcohol, it will not only cure the disease, but will make the cold worse. The reason is that people who catch a cold, especially those who are serious, often have different degrees of high or elevated body temperature, which is also commonly known as fever. Doctors must prescribe antipyretics, usually paracetamol. If they drink white wine or spirits, their metabolites will cause serious damage to the liver until it is completely necrotic.
Patients with acute hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, liver disease and diabetes are absolutely forbidden to drink beer, including beer. As for the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis in convalescence, it is ok to drink beer in moderation when the liver function is basically normal, because beer can promote the secretion of digestive juice and stimulate appetite, and it also contains a variety of amino acids and B vitamins, so drinking beer in moderation is conducive to improving the appetite and nutritional status of patients with chronic liver disease, but generally it should not exceed half a liter a day.