Tea ceremony is a way to appreciate the beauty of tea.
Tea ceremony originated in China and flourished in Japan. There is a royal tea ceremony in the royal family and a mortal tea ceremony in the mortal world. Popular tea ceremony, Zen tea ceremony, Taoist tea ceremony, etc. In short, the way to appreciate the beauty of tea depends on your own aesthetics.
Tea ceremony is the concept of tea people based on concrete and objective things. It is not only the epistemology of tea people, but also the methodology and worldview of tea people. Broadly speaking, "tea ceremony" is a variety of tea-making techniques gradually developed after the discovery and use of tea by human beings, as well as the concept and method of preserving health and treating emotions by drinking tea corresponding to its tea products. In a narrow sense, "tea ceremony" is a methodology and values that tea drinkers cultivate themselves in a specific time and space environment to enhance their own personality.
China tea culture knowledge
Tea is the national drink of the Chinese nation.
It originated in Shennong, heard in Duke Zhou of Lu, flourished in Tang and Song Dynasties. Now it has become one of the three non-alcoholic beverages (tea, coffee and cocoa) that are popular all over the world, and will become the king of beverages in the 265,438+0 century. Tea-drinking hobbies are spread all over the world, and tea is planted in more than 50 countries around the world. Tracing back to the source, the earliest tea, introduced tea species, tea drinking methods and cultivation in all countries of the world. China is the birthplace of tea, known as "the motherland of tea".
Tea is the pride of the Chinese nation! The world's first tea book, The Classic of Tea, was written by Lu Yu in the Tang Dynasty in China. Longjing tea is the first famous tea in China. Produced in the mountainous area near West Lake in Zhejiang, Lion Peak in Longjing Village is the best. Known as "green, fragrant, mellow and beautiful". Biluochun: named after Kangxi, it was produced in Dongting Mountain in the middle of Taihu Lake in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. The finished tea is curled in snail shape and covered with silver hair. The fragrance is fragrant, the taste is mellow and the soup is bright green, which is the treasure of tea.
"Dongting biluochun, tea is the most fragrant." Huangshan Mao Feng: Produced in Taohuaxi, Huangshan, Anhui Province, it was a tribute tea for the Song Dynasty.
Junshan Silver Needle: It is produced in Luoqing Island, Dongting Lake, Yueyang. It is described as "Dongting Di Zi hates spring, and the grass has been longer for two thousand years". After brewing, it has three ups and downs, and the tip of the tongue is full of pearls and many knives, which is of high appreciation value.
Qimen black tea: produced in Qimen County, Anhui Province, also known as Qimenxiang. Lu 'an Guapian: Produced in Yun Qi Mountain, Lu 'an District, Anhui Province, it looks like melon seeds, green and fragrant, and tastes fresh and sweet, which is very distinctive.
Xinyang Maojian tea: produced in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang, Henan. Duyun Maojian: produced in Duyun mountain area of Buyi nationality in Guizhou. The poem says: "The fragrance of snow buds is even, not inferior to Longjing Biluochun.
After drinking, the flowers are fresh and delicious, and the public relations spirit is relaxed and happy. "Wuyi rock tea: produced in Wuyishan, northern Fujian.
99 rock, rock has tea, one rock has tea, and one tea is one. Unique production, including "Dahongpao", "Iron Arhat", "Cinnamon" and "Water Turtle". Tieguanyin: In Anxi County, southern Fujian.
The head is like a dragonfly, the tail is like a tadpole, the texture is as heavy as iron, the beauty is like Guanyin, the taste is mellow, and the aftertaste is sweet. This oolong tea is top grade. First, the pot needs to be scalded with boiling water before making tea, which can remove the odor in the pot. And hot pot helps to volatilize tea fragrance. Second, tea: Generally, the teapot for making tea has a small mouth, so you need to put the tea into the tea lotus first. At this time, the tea lotus can be handed to the guests to appreciate the appearance of the tea, and then the tea leaves in the tea lotus can be put into the pot with a teaspoon, and the amount of tea leaves is one third of that of the pot.
Third, warm the cup: pour the hot water from the hot pot into the small saucer, and then warm the cup. Fourth, high impact: when brewing tea, you should lift the pot very high, and bet the water from a high point, so that the tea leaves will roll and disperse in the pot, making the tea taste more full, commonly known as "high impact".
5. low foam: the brewed tea soup can be poured into a small cup. At this time, the distance between the spout of the teapot and the small cup should be as low as possible, so as to avoid the failure of the aroma in the tea soup, commonly known as "low foam". Generally, the first tea soup and the second tea soup are mixed with a small teapot, and the effect is better; The third tea soup is mixed with the fourth tea soup, and so on.
6. Divide the tea: divide the tea soup in the small saucer into the cup again, and the tea soup in the cup is seven points full. Seven, tea: put the cup together with the cup holder in front of the guests, so as to offer tea.
Eight, smell the fragrance: before tasting tea, you need to observe its color and smell its fragrance to taste it. Nine, tea tasting: the word "product" is three, and a cup of tea should be three. Before drinking tea, you should look at the tea maker for a second or two and smile to show your gratitude for exploring the origin of Jiangnan tea culture from the ancient Wuyue culture.
In the long-term traditional concept, the Yellow River Basin has always been regarded as the birthplace of Buddhist civilization in China, while other regions have followed the footsteps of the Yellow River civilization. Not only did the historical documents of feudal times say so, but so did the early archaeologists.
But in the sixties and seventies of this century, a large number of archaeological discoveries broke this traditional concept. It has been suggested that China is so big that there are Neolithic sites everywhere, and it is hard to say where the source is and where it is not. It is believed that Chinese civilization is the result of mutual infiltration, blending and cohesion of various sources.
Zhejiang was the first to make a fuss. In the late 1960s, the Neolithic remains were discovered in Majiabin, Jiaxing, Jiangsu. When 1973 rediscovered Hemudu site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, this new theory was further advanced or confirmed.
A large number of black pottery, articles for production and living, and dry-column house buildings unearthed here strongly prove the social features of different stages from 7,000 to 5,000 years ago. It shows that the Neolithic age in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River may develop simultaneously with Yangshao culture in the Yellow River.
This view was quickly supported by many scholars in archaeology, who believed that the primitive culture in the Yangtze River basin was one of the important cradles of ancient culture in China. Of course, during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Yellow River civilization in the Central Plains was in the forefront.
The lower reaches of the Yangtze River have long been called the land of Dongyi. But perhaps because it is remote and far away from the national political center, this area has retained its own independent cultural characteristics and formed the unique features of the ancient Wuyue culture.
In the Zhou Dynasty, wuyue maintained a subordinate relationship with the central government, but its economy and culture were self-contained. Gou Jian, King of Yue, used Fan Li and Ji Ran to get rich in ten years. Standing still makes the country strong.
However, compared with the Central Plains, wuyue was still far behind until the Han Dynasty. Sima Qian said in the Biography of Huo Zhi in Historical Records: "In the land of Chu and Yue, the land is vast and sparsely populated, eating rice, soup and fish, or ploughing with fire and water, winning clams does not wait for capital."
"So, south of Jianghuai, there is no daughter's home." Modern people think that coastal areas are more open and richer than inland areas, which is far from the case in ancient times. But since the Three Kingdoms, wuyue's economy has been developing continuously. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the economy in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River overwhelmed the Yellow River basin.
Until modern times, Jiangnan was still one of the richest areas in China. This historical track of wuyue has caused its own regional cultural characteristics; It not only accepted the influence of the Yellow River culture, but also showed the regional characteristics. The backwardness in the early stage is in sharp contrast with the advancement in the middle and late stage; On the one hand, it is rich in economic life, while retaining more ancient customs.
Wuyue, Fujian and Guangdong all have this feature. Shanghai has the most modern industry, but so far it always likes "Allah" long and "Allah" short, and is unwilling to speak Mandarin. Suzhou pingtan is young and low-pass, delicate and tactfully more distinctive; There are not many other places in southern Fujian.
Basic knowledge of tea art
Tea art mainly includes the following contents: 1, the basic knowledge of tea.
To learn tea art, we must first understand and master the classification of tea, the quality characteristics of main famous teas, the production process, and the identification, storage and purchase of tea. This is the basis of learning tea art.
2. Basic knowledge of water. To learn tea art, you must know water, and the nature of tea must come from water. How can we talk about tea without water? Quanming Post Office, the only modern organization that provides water transportation for high-end tea art, is pushing Chinese tea art to the highest level in the world that has been neglected for nearly three centuries.
It refers to the skill and craft of tea art. Including the procedure of tea performance, the essentials of action, the content of explanation, the appreciation of color, fragrance, taste and shape of tea, the appreciation and collection of tea sets and so on.
This is the core part of tea art. Tea ceremony etiquette.
Refers to the courtesy and etiquette in the service process. Including the requirements and skills of gfd in the process of service, welcoming, communicating and communicating with each other.
5, the standardization of tea art Tea art should truly reflect the spirit of equality and mutual respect between tea people, so there are standardized requirements for guests.
As a guest, we should demand ourselves with the spirit and quality of tea people and devote ourselves to tea tasting. As a service provider, we should also conform to the hospitality, especially the teahouse, whose service level is an important factor to determine the quality and level of service.
6. Enlightenment. Tao refers to a kind of practice, a way of life and direction, a philosophy of life, and Tao belongs to spiritual content.
Enlightenment is the highest realm of tea art, and it is to realize life, realize life and explore the meaning of life through making tea and tasting tea. Extended data:
Classification of tea art Chinese tea art can be divided into four categories according to its forms of expression: 1. Performing tea art Performing tea art refers to one or more tea artists demonstrating tea-making skills for everyone. Its main function is to concentrate the media, attract the public, publicize and popularize tea culture and popularize tea knowledge.
The characteristic of this tea art is that it is suitable for large-scale gatherings and festivals, and it can play a good role in promoting tea culture and China traditional culture when combined with film and television network media. Performance-oriented tea art pays attention to visual appreciation value as well as auditory enjoyment.
It requires that it comes from life and is higher than life, and all means of stage performance art can be used to enhance the artistic appeal of tea art. Hospitality Tea Ceremony Hospitality Tea Ceremony refers to a tea master and guests sitting around the table, drinking tea together.
Everyone present is a participant in tea art, not a bystander. They are directly involved in the creation and experience of the beauty of tea art, can fully appreciate the color, fragrance and rhyme of tea, can freely exchange emotions, understand tea art, and explore the spirit and meaning of tea ceremony.
This type of tea art is most suitable for teahouses, institutions, enterprises and institutions and ordinary families. When practicing this kind of tea art, don't bring the color of performing tea art.
Don't be artificial in words and actions, don't be too thick and colorful in clothes and makeup, and be the most exaggerated in expression. Be as kind and natural as the host's reception of relatives and friends. This kind of tea art requires that the tea artist can explain while making tea, and guests can ask questions and interrupt at will, so the tea artist is required to have rich knowledge of tea art and good communication skills with guests.
3. Marketing tea art Marketing tea art refers to the promotion of tea, tea sets and tea culture through tea art, which is the most popular tea art in tea factories, teahouses and teahouses.
To demonstrate this kind of tea art, you should generally choose a tasting cup or a three-talent cup (with a lid) to show the quality of tea to the guests most intuitively. This kind of tea art has no fixed procedures and explanations, but requires tea artists to watch people make tea and talk about tea on the basis of fully understanding the essence of tea.
Watching people make tea refers to brewing tea that is most suitable for guests' tastes according to their age, gender and living area, and showing the guarantee factors of tea products (such as tea color, fragrance and rhyme). Talking about good tea refers to skillfully introducing the charm factors of good tea (such as luxury, popularity, rarity, health care effect, cultural connotation and so on). ) According to the guests' educational level and hobbies, it can stimulate the guests' desire to buy, resulting in the impulse of "impromptu purchase" or even "patronizing purchase".
Marketing tea art requires tea artists to be sincere, confident, friendly, rich in tea knowledge and ingenious marketing skills. 4. Health tea health tea includes traditional health tea and modern health tea. ..
Traditional health-preserving tea art refers to the combination of health-preserving techniques such as body-regulating, heart-regulating, breath-regulating, food-regulating, sleep-regulating, meditation or qigong, based on a deep understanding of the spirit of Chinese tea ceremony, so that people can maintain their health with tea, cultivate their hearts with Taoism, cultivate their self-cultivation and prolong their lives. Modern health-preserving tea art refers to making health-preserving tea suitable for your physical condition and taste according to the latest research results of modern Chinese medicine and combining the characteristics of different flowers, fruits, spices and medicinal materials.
Health tea art advocates self-soaking, self-pouring, self-drinking and self-entertainment, which is welcomed by more and more tea people. Because China is the hometown of tea with a long history.
According to "Eight Records of Huayang National Records": "The garden is square and the tea smells good", China has cultivated and utilized tea trees artificially for more than 3,000 years. In this long historical development process, tea has become a part of the daily life of people of all ethnic groups in China.
People often say: "Seven things to open the door in the morning, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea." It can be seen that tea plays an important role in daily life.
Tea is widely used in daily life. People first regard it as a drink, and use the natural function of tea to clear the brain, improve intelligence and help digestion. Another important function of tea is spiritual.
People pay attention to enjoyment in the process of drinking tea, and have higher requirements for water, tea, utensils and environment; At the same time, use tea to cultivate and cultivate one's own spirit and morality, coordinate interpersonal relationships in various tea tasting activities, gain self-confidence and introspection on one's own thoughts, and also communicate one's feelings and take tea as a friend. The existence of tea itself, from form to content, from substance to spirit, from the direct relationship between people and things to becoming the medium of interpersonal relationship, has gradually formed a wonderful flower of traditional oriental culture-China tea culture.
The special natural function of tea makes tea culture occupy an important position in China traditional excellent culture. Ancient China literati used tea to stimulate literary thinking; Taoism is used to cultivate the mind and cultivate the nature; Buddhists use it to relieve sleep, help Zen and so on. And the combination of material and spirit makes people feel at the spiritual level.
What tea cultures are there in China?
Tea culture refers to the cultural characteristics formed in the process of drinking tea, including tea ceremony, cha de, tea spirit, tea couplets, tea books, tea sets, tea paintings, tea science, tea stories, tea art and so on.
The origin of tea culture is China. China is the hometown of tea. It is said that the Han people began to drink tea in Shennong's time, at least for more than 4,700 years.
Until now, Han compatriots in China still have the custom of replacing wine with tea. Han people have various methods of making tea: smoked bean tea in Taihu Lake, scented tea in Suzhou, ginger salt tea in Hunan, Xiajun tea in Shushan, frozen top tea in Taiwan Province Province, Longjing tea in Hangzhou, oolong tea in Fujian and so on.
China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. The discovery and utilization of China tea has a history of 4,000 to 5,000 years, with a long history and spread all over the world.
Tea is the national drink of the Chinese nation. Originated in Shennong, heard in Duke Zhou of Lu, flourished in Tang, flourished in Song and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The tea culture in China is a unique combination of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, and it is a wonderful flower in China culture! China's tea areas are vast, and tea can be divided into three levels, namely, first-class tea areas (taking southwest and Jiangnan areas as the table), second-class tea areas (taking northwest and Jiangbei areas as the table) and third-class tea areas (taking South China as the representative).
At the same time, tea has become the most popular, popular and healthy green drink in the world. Tea integrates heaven and earth, and advocates "a family of tea people in the world".
Tea culture knowledge
Tea culture refers to the cultural characteristics formed in the process of drinking tea, including tea ceremony, cha de, tea spirit, tea couplets, tea books, tea sets, tea paintings, tea science, tea stories, tea art and so on.
The origin of tea culture is China. Kungfu tea culture originated in Chaoshan area of China.
China is the hometown of tea, and people in China drink tea. It is said that it began in the Shennong era, with at least 4,700 years. Until now, China compatriots still have the custom of taking tea as a gift.
There are many kinds of tea in China: Chaozhou Phoenix Dan Cong Tea, Taihu Lake Smoked Bean Tea, Suzhou Fragrant Tea, Hunan Ginger Salt Tea, Chengdu Gaiwan Tea, Taiwan Province Frozen Top Tea, Hangzhou Longjing Tea, Fujian Oolong Tea and so on. People in more than 0/00 countries and regions all over the world like to taste tea, and the tea culture of each country is different and has its own advantages. China tea culture reflects the long-standing civilization and etiquette of the Chinese nation.
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The social functions of functional tea culture are mainly manifested in promoting cha de, spreading tea ceremony, culture and art, cultivating self-cultivation, cultivating sentiment, promoting national unity, demonstrating social progress and developing economy and trade. The virtue of tea is the inherent beauty of tea, which is accumulated for thousands of years and respected by generations.
The traditions of tea culture mainly include loving the motherland, selfless dedication, perseverance, modesty and courtesy, thrift, mutual respect and mutual accommodation. Mr. Wu Juenong and Mr. Liu Xianhe from Hunan are both devoted to the tea industry. They are both patriots and outstanding representatives of contemporary tea people.
Baidu encyclopedia-tea culture.
Tea culture knowledge
1. Overview China tea culture has a long history, and Bashu is often called the cradle of tea industry and tea culture in China.
According to the historical data of tea before the Six Dynasties, the tea industry in China originated from Bashu. The formation of tea culture is closely related to the early politics, customs and tea drinking in Bashu area.
(1) The Enlightenment of Tea Culture before the Three Kingdoms Many books set the discovery time of tea as 2737-2697 BC, and its history can be pushed to the Three Emperors and Five Emperors. Hua Tuo recorded the medicinal value of tea in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Bitter tea is good for a long time".
In the Western Han Dynasty, the tea-producing county was called "Chaling", that is, Chaling in Hunan. In the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty, Guangya first recorded the making method and drinking method of cake tea: picking leaves between Jing and Ba to make cakes, and the old man made cakes from leaves and made them with rice paste.
Tea appears in the form of substance and permeates other cultures to form tea culture. (II) The germination of tea culture in the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties With the rise of literati drinking tea, poems and songs about tea came out day by day. As a general form, tea has left the diet and entered the cultural circle, playing a certain role. ⑭⑸? Br & gt(3) The formation of tea culture in Tang Dynasty "Since the birth of Lu Yu, the world has learned from each other's strengths."
In the middle Tang Dynasty, the appearance of Lu Yu's Tea Classic made tea culture develop to an unprecedented height, which marked the formation of tea culture in Tang Dynasty. The Book of Tea summarizes the natural and humanistic contents of tea, discusses the art of tea drinking, and integrates Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism into tea drinking, thus creating the spirit of China tea ceremony.
Later, a large number of tea books and poems appeared, including Tea Narration, brew tea, Tea Picking and Sixteen Soups. The formation of tea culture in Tang Dynasty was related to the rise of Zen Buddhism. Because tea has the function of refreshing the brain, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst, temples advocate drinking tea, planting tea trees around the temples, making tea ceremonies, setting up tea halls, selecting tea heads and holding tea events specially.
China tea ceremony was formed in the Tang Dynasty, which is divided into court tea ceremony, temple tea ceremony and literati tea ceremony. The Book of Tea is a milestone.
Over the past hundred years, tea people in all dynasties have tried and explored all aspects of tea culture countless times. It was not until the birth of Tea Classic that tea parties became popular, so it was of epoch-making significance. (IV) Prosperity of Tea Culture in Song Dynasty The tea industry in Song Dynasty developed greatly, which promoted the development of tea culture. Among the literati, there appeared a professional tea club, a "soup club" composed of officials and a "thousand people club" composed of Buddhists.
Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, who loves tea, set up a tea office in the palace, and the tea used in the palace has been graded. Tea ceremony became a kind of ceremony, giving tea became an important means for the emperor to win over ministers and take care of relatives as soon as possible, and it was also given to foreign envoys.
As for the lower classes, tea culture is more lively, and some people migrate. Neighborhood should respect tea and guests, respect "Yuanbao Tea", respect tea at the time of engagement, tea at the time of marriage, and tea in the same room. The rise of folk tea fighting has brought about a series of changes in cooking points.
⑤ With the popularization of tea culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, various teas such as steamed green, fried green and baked green appeared, and drinking tea was changed to "making tea". Many literati in the Ming Dynasty left masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as Tang Bohu's tea-making scrolls and tea-tasting pictures, Wen Zhiming's Huishan Tea Party, and Lu Yu's tea-making and tea-tasting pictures. With the increase of tea, the skills of making tea are also different, and the styles, textures and patterns of tea sets are also diverse.
In the late Ming dynasty, people made a new breakthrough in the realm of drinking, and paid attention to the realm of "perfection". In the eyes of those literati, the ultimate goodness of things is Tao, and Tao exists in things.
Bird put forward his own theory of "tea ceremony" for the first time in the book Tea Classic: "Time is refined, time is dry when it is hidden, and time is clean when it is soaked. Fine, dry and clean tea ceremony. "
In his view, there is a "god with intrinsic meaning" in tea, that is, "meta-god", and the external one is called "meta-body". The two are interdependent and inseparable. Shen Yuan is the essence of tea, and Yuanti is the essence of color, fragrance and taste.
As long as we are simple and natural, simple and realistic, modest and moderate, we can get the true meaning of tea. The tea ceremony in Bird pursues the beauty of tea soup and the truth of tea taste, and strives to enter the perfect realm of seeing the color, tasting the taste, smelling the fragrance, listening to the sound and rubbing the tea set.
Zhang Dafu went further on this basis. He said: "The world tastes tea without tasting its nature, loves mountains and rivers without feeling their feelings, learns without thinking, and learns Buddhism without breaking its Sect." What he wants to tell us is that tea tasting should not be limited to the appearance and taste of water, but should go deep into the essence, that is, to achieve a kind of spiritual pleasure, a pure and refined state of mind, so as to achieve a fairyland of detachment and noble feelings, and a realm of unity between heaven and earth.
This can be said to be the development and transcendence of China's tea ceremony spirit by Ming people. By the Qing Dynasty, tea export had become a formal industry, and there were countless tea books, tea events and tea poems.
⑥ Development of Modern Tea Culture After the founding of New China, the annual output of tea in China increased from 7500T in 1949 to more than 600,000t in 1998. The substantial increase of tea material wealth has provided a solid foundation for the development of tea culture in China. 1982 Hangzhou established the first social organization with the purpose of promoting tea culture, 1983 Hubei established Luyu Tea Culture Research Association, 1990 Beijing established China Tea People Association.
1998 China international peaceful tea culture exchange hall was built. With the rise of tea culture, there are more and more teahouses all over the country.
The fifth International Symposium on Tea Culture has attracted Japanese, Korean, American, Sri Lankan, Hongkong and Taiwan Province. Various provinces, cities and tea-producing counties have held "tea festivals" in succession, such as the Rock Tea Festival in Wuyi City, Fujian Province, the Pu 'er Tea Festival in Yunnan Province, the tea festivals in Xinchang, Zhejiang Province, Taishun, Yingshan, Hubei Province and Xinyang, Henan Province, all of which take tea as the carrier to promote all-round economic and trade development.
2. The origin time of tea drinking (1) Shennong period: Tang Lu Yu's "Tea Classic": "Tea is a drink, which originated in Shennong." In the history of cultural development in China, the origin of all things related to agriculture and plants always belongs to Shennong.
After coming back here, you can't push it up any more. Because of this, Shennong became the god of agriculture.
(2) Western Zhou Dynasty: Jinchangqu's "Huayang Guozhi Bazhi": "Zhou Wuwang's attack on Zhou Dynasty was actually a teacher of Bashu.
Tea honey.
Everyone salutes it. "This record.