Peanut common sense 20 1. Peanut common sense

Peanut is an important edible vegetable oil and a source of protein, which is widely planted in various regions of China.

Peanut is called longevity fruit. Peanut contains many trace elements that are very beneficial to human body, so eating more peanuts is very beneficial to our human body. So what do you know about peanuts? Come and learn about it with me! Millet of Arachis in Rosaceae Leguminosae.

Roots are rich in nodules; Stems and branches have horns, and leaves are papery opposite; Petiole stalk at the base, oval to obovate, blunt at the apex, hairy on both sides, with eyelashes at the edge; Vein edges are interconnected to form a network; The flower is about 8 mm long; Bracts lanceolate; The corolla is yellow or golden yellow, the flag flap is unfolded, the wing flap is separated from the keel flap, it is oblong or oblique oval, the style extends beyond the pharynx of calyx tube, the pod is enlarged and thick, and the flowering and fruiting period is from June to August. Panicum miliaceum.

Roots are rich in nodules; The stems are erect or prostrate, 30-80 cm long, and the stems and branches have horns, which are yellow villous and then become hairless. Peanut planting mode: 1. Farmers' uncles should first choose high-quality varieties with full fruit grains, which is conducive to germination when sowing, and peanuts will bear more and bigger peanuts in the future.

2. After peeling peanuts, turn the ground, break the soil and remove weeds, so that the fertilizer put in when planting peanuts will not be absorbed by weeds, and peanuts will grow stronger. 3. After breaking ground and weeding, rows of pits should be opened, with the pit depth of 5 to 8 cm and the pit spacing of 20 to 30 cm, so that peanuts can be more productive.

After the pit is opened, you can plant flowers in the pit at this time, about 20 cm long, but not less than 20 cm long. Peanuts don't bear much fruit, and the yield will also decrease, as long as the planting distance is suitable. It's simple. 5. After planting peanuts, start to put fertilizer. Fertilizer should be placed in the middle of the distance between two peanuts in the pit. Be careful that fertilizer can't stick to peanuts. If it sticks to peanuts, peanuts will go bad.

At this time, after putting fertilizer, just turn the soil next to the pit back into the pit and level the ground, so that there will be no water in the ground when it rains, which is beneficial to the growth of peanuts. How to choose a good peanut variety: 1 Choose varieties according to planting patterns. Generally speaking, the peanut seeds sold in the seed store are suitable for the local climate conditions, and have the promotion value in production. However, there are many differences in yield, quality and stress resistance among different varieties. Therefore, the suitable varieties should be selected according to the planting mode first.

2. Selecting varieties according to the yield increase of planting in different places, especially in the main producing areas of spring sowing peanuts, often adopts continuous cropping mode, which restricts the yield of peanuts to some extent. The production test shows that the method of updating new varieties or introducing from different places has obvious effects in reducing the occurrence of diseases and improving peanut yield.

3. According to natural conditions and production level, local natural conditions and production level should be considered when selecting varieties and breeding improved varieties. For plots with good fertilizer and water conditions and high production level, large fruit varieties with fertilizer tolerance and great yield-increasing potential should be selected; For plots with poor fertilizer and water conditions, large fruit varieties or small fruit varieties with early tolerance and strong barren tolerance should be selected.

4. Go to the regular seed business unit to buy improved varieties. Because some farmers have poor ability to distinguish products and output, in order to avoid being deceived, when buying seeds, they should buy seeds from units with seed management qualifications. Units with seed business qualifications are approved by the administrative department of agriculture and registered by the administrative department for industry and commerce. Health benefits of eating peanuts: 1. First of all, eating more peanuts can promote the growth and development of human body, because peanuts contain a lot of calcium, and calcium in human body is an important component needed for bone development, so eating more peanuts is very beneficial to developing children and people with calcium deficiency.

Secondly, eating more peanuts can also promote the development of human cells and enhance our intellectual development, so eating more peanuts can make children who are often engaged in mental work and are developing their brains smarter. Eating more peanuts can also play an anti-aging and anti-aging role, which is why peanuts are also called longevity fruit, so eating more peanuts can delay the premature aging and aging of cells and organs in our body, thus playing a role in prolonging life.

Peanut also has a very special function, that is, peanuts can also treat colds and coughs. Because the fatty oil contained in peanuts can moisten dryness and relieve cough, people with respiratory infection, respiratory discomfort and perennial dry cough can eat more peanuts in peacetime to treat and prevent respiratory diseases. The harm of eating peanuts to health: 1. Peanut is rich in oil, which is not easy to digest. If it is eaten too much, it cannot be digested, resulting in direct excretion of peanuts.

Those with cold, dampness, stagnation and diarrhea should take it according to the doctor's advice; 2. Don't eat moldy peanuts. In the experiment of eating moldy edible animals, it was found that the consumption of moldy peanuts was the smallest and liver cancer was the fastest.

3. Obviously moldy peanuts are generally ignored, but the risk of disease is not small. 4. It should be used in a timely and appropriate manner, and the dosage should be reduced in hot summer.

Make it beneficial and harmless.

2. Knowledge about peanuts

Peanut originated in South America and was introduced to China from Ming Shenzong in Wanli years.

It is said in Notes to Compendium of Materia Medica that "peanuts have the effects of pleasing the spleen and stomach, moistening the lungs and resolving phlegm, nourishing and regulating qi, clearing the throat and stopping phlegm", so they are also called longevity fruit.

After flowering, the stalk of the ovary extends into the soil and develops into a pod.

Grain is a food with high nutrition and high energy, and 85% is unsaturated essential fatty acid such as linoleic acid. Protein content is 30%. It is rich in vitamins B 1, B2, B6 and vitamin E, so it is an excellent food.

Modern research has confirmed that peanut has the function of promoting blood production and stopping bleeding, especially the outer membrane of peanut kernel, which can resist fibrinolysis and promote bone marrow to make platelets.

In addition, peanuts are high-calorie foods with high oil content. Peanut oil is a kind of vegetable oil, which contains unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid, which is essential for human body. It has the functions of lowering blood cholesterol and preventing arteriosclerosis and heart disease, and is an excellent food.

3. Knowledge about peanuts

Peanut planting mode: 1. Farmers' uncles should first choose high-quality varieties with full fruit grains, which is conducive to germination when sowing, and peanuts will bear more and bigger peanuts in the future. 2. After peeling peanuts, turn the ground, break the soil and remove weeds, so that the fertilizer put in when planting peanuts will not be absorbed by weeds, and peanuts will grow stronger. 3. After breaking ground and weeding, rows of pits should be opened, with the pit depth of 5 to 8 cm and the pit spacing of 20 to 30 cm, so that peanuts can be more productive. After the pit is opened, you can plant flowers in the pit at this time, about 20 cm long, but not less than 20 cm long. Peanuts don't bear much fruit, and the yield will also decrease, as long as the planting distance is suitable. It's simple. 5. After planting peanuts, start to put fertilizer. Fertilizer should be placed in the middle of the distance between two peanuts in the pit. Be careful that fertilizer can't stick to peanuts. If it sticks to peanuts, peanuts will go bad. At this time, after putting fertilizer, just turn the soil next to the pit back into the pit and level the ground, so that there will be no water in the ground when it rains, which is beneficial to the growth of peanuts.

The harm of eating peanuts to health: 1. Peanut is rich in oil, which is not easy to digest. If it is eaten too much, it cannot be digested, resulting in direct excretion of peanuts. Those with cold, dampness, stagnation and diarrhea should take it according to the doctor's advice; 2. Don't eat moldy peanuts. In the experiment of eating moldy edible animals, it was found that the consumption of moldy peanuts was the smallest and liver cancer was the fastest. 3. Obviously moldy peanuts are generally ignored, but the risk of disease is not small. 4. It should be used in a timely and appropriate manner, and the dosage should be reduced in hot summer. Make it beneficial and harmless.

4. Characteristics and common sense of peanuts

The fruit of peanut is pod, which is usually divided into three types: large, medium and small, with cocoon shape, beaded shape and curved stick shape. Cocoon pods have two seeds: beaded and curved. Their pods usually have more than three seeds. The color of the shell is yellow-white, yellow-brown, brown or yellow, which is related to the variety and soil quality of peanuts. The seeds in peanut shells are generally called peanuts or kernels, and consist of seed coat, cotyledons and embryos. The seed coat is light brown or light red in color. The seed coat has two cotyledons, ivory or ivory. Peanut, as one of the traditional foods loved by ordinary people, has been called "longevity fruit" since ancient times. There is a folk saying that "eating peanuts often can strengthen the body", and people find that it has certain medicinal value and health care function.

Lowering cholesterol: Peanut oil contains a lot of linoleic acid, which can decompose cholesterol in human body into bile acid and excrete it, avoid cholesterol deposition in the body, and reduce the incidence of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by cholesterol exceeding normal.

Delaying human aging: The content of zinc in peanuts is generally higher than other oil crops. Zinc can promote the development of children's brain, enhance the memory function of the brain, activate the brain cells of middle-aged and elderly people, effectively delay the premature aging of the human body and have anti-aging effects.

Promote children's bone development: Peanut is rich in calcium, which can promote children's bone development and prevent bone degradation in the elderly. Peanut is rich in fatty oil and protein, which has the function of enriching blood and promoting lactation for those with postpartum hypogalactia.

Prevention of tumor: Peanut and peanut oil contain resveratrol, which is a natural polyphenol with strong biological activity. It is a natural chemopreventive agent for tumor diseases, and can also reduce platelet aggregation and prevent and treat atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Resveratrol is listed as one of the most effective anti-aging substances. Peanut products rich in resveratrol, peanut oil and other related peanut products will play a greater role in diet and health. [ 10]

Taboo 1. Gout patients:

Gout is a group of diseases caused by purine metabolism disorder, and all patients have hyperuricemia. Because a high-fat diet will reduce uric acid excretion and aggravate the condition, peanuts should be fasted during the acute attack of gout, and only appropriate food should be eaten during the remission period of gout.

2. Cholecystectomy:

Bile is very important for the digestion and absorption of fat. After eating, the gallbladder contracts and discharges bile into the duodenum for digestion and absorption. High-protein and high-fat foods have the strongest effect on the gallbladder, causing a large amount of bile to be discharged. After cholecystectomy, bile can not be stored, which will inevitably affect the digestion of fat in oil crops such as peanuts.

3. Patients with gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis and chronic enteritis:

Most of these patients have symptoms such as chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea or indigestion, and their diet should be light. Peanut is a kind of nut with high protein and fat content, which is difficult to digest and absorb. Such patients should fast.

4. People who want to lose weight:

Peanuts are high in calories and fat. Eat 100g.

When frying peanuts, you eat 58 1 calories, which is equivalent to eating 275 grams of steamed bread, so people who want to lose weight should stay away from peanuts.

5. Diabetic patients:

People with diabetes need to control their total energy intake every day, so they should not use more than three tablespoons (30 grams) of cooking oil every day. However, 18 peanut is equivalent to a spoonful of oil (10g), which can generate 90 kilocalories.

6. Patients with hyperlipidemia:

Unreasonable diet structure is an important cause of hyperlipidemia, so the principle of diet therapy is to limit calories and reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Peanut is a high-fat and high-calorie food. Eating more can only aggravate the condition, lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, and endanger life.

7. Dyspepsia:

Peanut contains a lot of fat, which will aggravate the condition of people with spleen and stomach dysfunction such as enteritis and dysentery.

8. People with bruises due to falls:

Peanuts contain procoagulant factors. After eating peanuts, people with traumatic injuries and blood stasis may cause blood stasis and aggravate the symptoms of swelling and pain.

9. loose stool people feel cold:

Peanut is rich in oil, so it is not suitable for people with cold and damp stagnation and diarrhea. [ 1 1]

A healthy diet is very important. Peanuts are crispy and delicious, nutritious and cheap. It is a snack that men, women and children like, but if you belong to the above nine kinds of people, peanuts are harmful to you.

5. Knowledge about peanuts

Peanut planting mode: 1. Farmers' uncles should first choose high-quality varieties with full fruit grains, which is conducive to germination when sowing, and peanuts will bear more and bigger peanuts in the future. 2. After peeling peanuts, turn the ground, break the soil and remove weeds, so that the fertilizer put in when planting peanuts will not be absorbed by weeds, and peanuts will grow stronger. 3. After breaking ground and weeding, rows of pits should be opened, with the pit depth of 5 to 8 cm and the pit spacing of 20 to 30 cm, so that peanuts can be more productive. After the pit is opened, you can plant flowers in the pit at this time, about 20 cm long, but not less than 20 cm long. Peanuts don't bear much fruit, and the yield will also decrease, as long as the planting distance is suitable. It's simple. 5. After planting peanuts, start to put fertilizer. Fertilizer should be placed in the middle of the distance between two peanuts in the pit. Be careful that fertilizer can't stick to peanuts. If it sticks to peanuts, peanuts will go bad. At this time, after putting fertilizer, just turn the soil next to the pit back into the pit and level the ground, so that there will be no water in the ground when it rains, which is beneficial to the growth of peanuts.

The harm of eating peanuts to health: 1. Peanut is rich in oil, which is not easy to digest. If it is eaten too much, it cannot be digested, resulting in direct excretion of peanuts. Those with cold, dampness, stagnation and diarrhea should take it according to the doctor's advice; 2. Don't eat moldy peanuts. In the experiment of eating moldy edible animals, it was found that the consumption of moldy peanuts was the smallest and liver cancer was the fastest. 3. Obviously moldy peanuts are generally ignored, but the risk of disease is not small. 4. It should be used in a timely and appropriate manner, and the dosage should be reduced in hot summer. Make it beneficial and harmless.

6. Introduction to peanuts

Peanut is also called the seed of peanut (commonly known as peanut kernel or peanut) Jinguo, longevity fruit, Guo Chang, Fandou, Jinguo peanut, fig, Diguo, Didou, Tangren bean, peanut bean and groundnut.

Peanut is rich in nutrition and helps to prolong life, so it is also called "longevity fruit" by the people, and it is called "plant meat" and "vegetarian meat" together with soybean. The nutritional value of peanuts is higher than that of cereals, and it can be compared with some animal foods such as eggs, milk and meat.

It contains a lot of protein and fat, especially unsaturated fatty acids, and is suitable for making various nutritious foods. Now there is a kind of colored peanuts, also called multicolored peanuts, multicolored peanuts, multicolored peanuts.

Colored peanut is a variety of colors produced by the color variation of the kernel skin of ordinary peanut. Colored peanuts are mainly divided into selenium-enriched black peanuts, white jade peanuts, pearl peanuts and other varieties, among which they can be divided into black, purple-black, white, purple-red, red and white, colored particles and other color systems according to the kernel color.

Colorful peanuts have black, snow white, red pattern on white background, yellow pattern on black background, black pattern on yellow background and other colors. The vines that grow out are no different from ordinary peanuts, except that the leaves are slightly larger.

According to the grain color, it can be divided into two black grains, four black grains, two colored grains, four colored grains, two flowers, two white grains and so on. The growth habit of eukaryotes is millet.

It only takes more than one month from sowing to flowering, but the flowering period lasts for more than two months. Its flowers are solitary or clustered in leaf axils, ranging from 200 to thousands per peanut.

After flowering and pollination of peanuts, the ovary stalk at the base of the ovary is constantly elongated, and purple fruit needles grow from the withered flower tube. The fruit needles are rapidly elongated longitudinally.

It grows upward first, and a few days later, the ovary stalk hangs on the ground. In the process of extension, the epidermal cells of ovary stalk lignified, which protected the young fruit needles from entering the soil.

When the needles of the wonderful peanut are buried in the soil for 5~6 cm, the ovary begins to lie horizontally, becoming fat and white, and hair grows on the body surface, which can directly absorb water and various nutrients for growth and development. In this way, seeds are formed one after another, the epidermis gradually shrinks and the pods gradually mature, forming the peanut fruit we see.

It is an inherent genetic characteristic of peanut to blossom above ground and bear fruit below ground, and it is also the result of long-term adaptation to special environment. Peanuts like dark, humid and mechanical ecological environment when they bear fruit.

These factors become indispensable conditions for pod growth and development. Therefore, in order to survive and spread seeds, it has to put its ovary into the soil to bear fruit.

Nutritional Value Peanut fruit has high nutritional value and is rich in fat and protein. According to the determination, the fat content of peanut fruit is 44%-45%, the protein content is 24%-36%, and the sugar content is about 20%.

It also contains thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and other vitamins. Mineral content is also very rich, especially containing essential amino acids, which can promote the development of brain cells and enhance memory.

Peanut seeds are rich in oil, and the oil squeezed from peanut kernels is light yellow, transparent and fragrant, which is a high-quality edible oil. Peanut oil is difficult to dissolve in ethanol. People can identify whether peanut oil is pure by injecting it into 70% ethanol solution and heating it to 39-40.8 degrees to see its turbidity.

Peanut oil is made by soaking peanut kernels. Peanut oil belongs to non-drying oil, with light yellow color, good transparency, delicate fragrance and delicious taste. It is an excellent edible oil.

Peanut is a nutritious food, containing 25%~36% protein and 40% fat. Peanut is also rich in vitamins B2, PP, A, D, E, calcium and iron. Peanut is an important raw material for 100 kinds of food.

In addition to squeezing oil, it can also be fried, fried and boiled to make peanut cakes, as well as various sweets and cakes. Because peanuts will volatilize some aldehydes such as carbon dioxide, vanillin, ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide during baking, it constitutes the special aroma of peanuts.

Peanut endothelium contains anti-fibrinolytic enzyme, which can prevent and treat various traumatic bleeding, liver disease bleeding, hemophilia and so on. However, peanuts are easy to get damp and mildew, and produce aflatoxin with strong carcinogenicity.

Aflatoxin can cause toxic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. This toxin is resistant to high temperature and cannot be decomposed by cooking methods such as frying, frying, boiling and frying.

So be careful not to eat moldy peanuts. Peanuts are widely distributed in China and planted everywhere.

The main producing areas are Shandong, eastern Liaoning, Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong, Yellow River and Huaihe River Basin, and hilly and sandy areas along the southeast coast. Shandong province accounts for about 1/4 of the national production area and 1/3 of the total output.

Peanut produced in Longyan, Fujian Province is full, crisp and delicious, which should be the local characteristics of domestic peanut varieties. Edit the taboo of eating peanuts 1. Gout patients: Gout is a group of diseases caused by purine metabolism disorder, and all patients have hyperuricemia.

Because a high-fat diet will reduce uric acid excretion and aggravate the condition, peanuts should be fasted during the acute attack of gout, and only appropriate food should be eaten during the remission period of gout. 2, cholecystectomy: bile is of great significance for the digestion and absorption of fat.

After eating, the gallbladder contracts and discharges bile into the duodenum for digestion and absorption. High-protein and high-fat food [1] has the strongest effect on gallbladder, resulting in a large amount of bile excretion.

After cholecystectomy, bile can not be stored, which will inevitably affect the digestion of fat in oil crops such as peanuts. 3, patients with gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, chronic enteritis: these patients have symptoms such as chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea or indigestion, and the diet should be a small amount of meals, light and less oil.

Peanut is a kind of nut with high protein and fat content, which is difficult to digest and absorb. Such patients should fast. 4. People who want to lose weight: peanuts are high in calories and fat. If you eat two fried peanuts, you will eat 58 1 calories, which is equivalent to eating five and a half steamed buns, so people who want to lose weight should stay away from peanuts.

5. Diabetics: Diabetics need to control their daily total energy intake, so they should not use more than three tablespoons (30g) of edible oil every day. However, 18 peanut is equivalent to a spoonful of oil (10g), which can generate 90 kilocalories.

6. Patients with hyperlipoproteinemia: Unreasonable diet structure is an important cause of hyperlipoproteinemia, so the principle of diet therapy is to limit calories and reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Peanut is a high-fat, high-calorie food, and eating more can only aggravate the condition and lead to crown.