Exploring the subtleties of things is as ethereal as catching shadows, and probably no one in Qian Qian can make things clear in his heart, let alone through words and actions?
This is the writing realm of Su Shi's pursuit of "implication", emphasizing that the article is easy to understand and opposing the blunt, mean and flashy style. This sentence shows Su Dongpo's pursuit of article style, and at the same time this pursuit meets the specific requirements of the ancient prose movement at that time.
Mr. Lin Yutang also quoted this passage in Su Dongpo's Biography. I believe that this artistic style of pursuing simplicity and popularity is precisely the subtlety of Su Dongpo's articles.
He said that writing an article is "roughly like running water, with no definite quality at the beginning." But always do what you should do, and often stop at what you can't stop. Natural arts and sciences, full of vitality. Confucius said: without words, it is not far away. Again: the words are just right. If a man's words stop at expressing his feelings, it is a big mistake to doubt that he doesn't write. Seeking the beauty of things, like catching the wind and catching the shadows, can make people know what they are doing, but can you make it clear in your mouth and hands? Yes, it is asserted. As for the text, it can't be used. Yang Xiong is a difficult word, and the text is easy to understand. If it is true, everyone will know. This is the so-called carver. "Explaining the style here, Su Dongpo skillfully described his writing style, such as" flowing ",and he ignored the secret of writing words. There is no rule about when to do it and when to stop. As long as the author's feelings are wonderful, can be expressed truly and accurately, and expressed well enough, that kind of charm and unique beauty will naturally arise. Not something attached to the text. If you can express yourself skillfully, then the simplicity, naturalness, lightness and elegance of the article will come naturally. The so-called simplicity, naturalness, lightness and elegance in the articles here are the secrets of good style. With these characteristics, the article will not be boring, and there will be no fear of not having good articles to read.
2. China Classical Encyclopedia Su Shi Summer Rat Thief
original text
Perilla sits at night, and rats bite. Stop working after getting up. Make the boy candle hollow, ring and sound in the sound. Say, "Hey! The mouse can't go when it sees the customs. " Look, there is nothing, and there are dead mice in it. The boy said in surprise, "did Fang suddenly bite and die?" Why are you yelling? What the hell? " Cover it up and go to the ground. Although you are sensitive, there is nothing you can do. Perilla sighed, "what a surprise! It's a mouse. Locked in a coffin, the coffin is strong and can't be poked. So it's not biting, but biting, causing people with sound; Immortality can be rid of by form. I smell the breath of life, but I am not wise to others. Cut jiaozi, climb the tortoise and hunt the forest, treat everything, and die in rats; In the plan of falling into this insect, it is wise to get rid of the rabbit by surprise. " Sit and doze off, thinking about the reasons. If someone tells me more, he says, "You just learned more, but you didn't see it. Not for you, but for things, so the mouse bite will change it. People can break the wall of 1000 yuan, but they can't lose their voices in the kettle; If you can beat a tiger, you can't lose color on a bee sting: this is a different problem. You forgot when I said it? " I leaned over and smiled, but I felt cold in my back. Let the boy write down and remember the rest.
[Edit this paragraph] Pronunciation
ⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤⅤ854
[Edit this paragraph] Text explanation
1. Selected from the Complete Works of Dongpo, Fu: Cunning. 2. bite: bite. 3. After .... Stop 4. Make: make way for candles: shine by candlelight, used here as verb 5. Li: The sixth bag. Li: This is the sound that describes a mouse biting something. 7. See Close: Close. See: passive: structural auxiliary words, no translation: find 8. Yes: This way: Just now: Right away. 9. Xiang: Just now. 10. Yes: this. 1 1. Point: Bite a hole and use it as a verb. 12. to attract. 13. Rao Long's tapping: restlessness and taming. Chop, hit and stab. 14. Deng: catch it. Labor: Labor 15. Jun: Ruling is used as a verb here. Pawn: finally 16. See the envoy: enslaved. Down: Fall into 17. Take off the rabbit from the virgin: at first, it was as quiet as a virgin, which caught the enemy off guard, and then suddenly it acted like a runaway rabbit, which made it too late for the other party to attack. This refers to the mutation of mice from static to dynamic. 18. Wu: Where is he, 19? Wei: Only 20. Know: Know 2 1. Feeling: Wake up 22. Inauguration: Hunting 23. Reply: 24. Make: let 25。 Suo: Search 26. Fa: open 27. Reply.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
Su Shi was sitting at night and a mouse was biting. Perilla slaps the bedplate to stop it, (sound stops) and it stops, making (sound). (Perilla frutescens) Let the boy glow by candlelight. There is an empty bag, in which there is a mouse biting sound, and the mouse biting sound comes from inside. The boy said, "Hey, hey, this mouse can't walk away in a cage." The boy opened the bag and looked inside. There is no sound in it. He held up the candle and found a dead mouse in the bag. The boy was surprised and said, "This mouse was biting people just now. How did you die immediately? " What was that noise just now? Is it a ghost? "(The boy) emptied the bag to get the mouse out. The mouse ran as soon as it landed, and even the most agile people were caught off guard. Perilla sighed, "strange, this mouse is so cunning! "! Put it in a bag. The bag is strong and won't bite. So (the mouse) didn't bite but pretended to bite, attracting people with sound; Not death, but pretending to be dead, seeking escape with the appearance of death. I heard that there is nothing smarter than human beings. Tame dragons, assassinate dragons, catch turtles, hunt unicorns, dominate everything, rule everything, and finally be enslaved by a mouse and fall into the trap of this animal. At first, it was as quiet as a virgin, and then suddenly it acted like an escaped rabbit. Where is human wisdom? "I sat down, closed my eyes and took a nap, thinking about the reason in my mind. It seems that someone said to me, "You just learned more and remembered a little knowledge, but you are still far from the Tao." You are disturbed and influenced by external things, so a mouse can attract you to be dominated by it and help it change its predicament. People can keep quiet by breaking precious jasper, but they scream when they break a pot. People can race the tiger, but when they see bees and scorpions, they can't help but change color, which is the result of unspecific. This is what you said before, have you forgotten? "I leaned over and smiled, and then I woke up again. So I ordered the boy to pick up a pen and write my article.
[Edit this paragraph] Explain the truth.
On the surface, the title of "crouching on a mouse" shows that no matter how clever a person is, he must concentrate and give full play to his intelligence, otherwise he will be caught off guard.
3. Ask Su Shi's ancient prose "Red Cliff" to give you a charming autumn. In July, I hope Perilla and her guests can go boating under the Red Cliff.
The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters.
Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan and hovered between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water.
Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Being on cloud nine is like being alone in the world.
At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer.
I am in my arms, looking at the beautiful scenery and the sky. "Blowing a hole, leaning on a song to make peace with the guest, moaning: if you complain, you will cry; The sound is endless; It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.
Su Shi's face was sad and sad, so he sat up in a corner and asked the guest, "How do you know?" ? "The guest said," There are few stars in the moon, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east. The mountains and rivers are winding and gloomy; Isn't this Meng Zhizhi trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. It is thousands of miles long, covered with flags, drunk on the river, writing poems sideways. I've been a hero for a long time, and now I'm safe? My son and I, firewood over Zhu Jiang, make friends with fish, shrimp and elk, and belong to each other with a boat and a bottle. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth.
Lament the moment of my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River; Fei Xian went on a trip, holding the bright moon and dying; I couldn't understand it at the moment, but I heard about it in Hengtai. "Perilla said," do you know water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow.
Gai must look at it from its own changes, and heaven and earth cannot be temporary; If you look at it from its constant point of view, then everything is endless to me. What do you envy? Between heaven and earth, everything has its own master.
If it's not mine, it's a dime. However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are audible to the ears and visible to the eyes.
Inexhaustible, inexhaustible. It is the endless hiding of the creator, and my son and I are in the right place. "
Guests smile, wash the lights more carefully, the dishes are done, and the cups and plates are messy. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.
The post-Chibi Fu is the hope of October, and it returns to Lingao after stepping in. The two guests never gave Sakamoto the yellow mud.
Since the frost has fallen, the leaves have fallen, and the figure is on the ground. Look up at the bright moon, take care of it, and sing and answer. He sighed: "there are guests without wine, wine without food, and the moon is white and clear." What a wonderful night! " The guest said, "At dusk today, I got a fish with a huge scale, like a Songjiang perch.
How about the wine in Gu 'an? "Go back to those women. The woman said, "I had a beer fight and hid it for a long time because I was afraid my son would need it." "
So I swam to the red cliff with wine and fish. The river is noisy, and the shore breaks thousands of feet; The mountain is high and the moon is small, and the truth comes out.
Once the sun and the moon were geometric, but the mountains and rivers were unrecognizable. Dressed in clothes, jade walks on rocks, covered with velvet, lives among tigers and leopards, climbs dragons, climbs the dangerous nest of storks and leans against the secluded palace in Feng Yi.
You can't cover two guests at will. However, the whistling, the vibration of vegetation, the sound of mountains and valleys, and the wind and water are surging.
Giving is also quiet and sad, awe and fear, and it is impossible to stay. Instead, get on the boat, let it flow and stop it.
It will be half past midnight, and I will be lonely. There is a solitary crane, and the river comes from the east.
Wings, like wheels, suddenly rang and swept to the boat and left to the west. The guest left, gave it and fell asleep.
I dreamed that a Taoist priest was wandering under Lingao and said, "The joy of Chibi?" Ask his name, but don't answer. "alas! Hey! I know all about it.
In the past night, those who flew past me were not evil, were they? "Taoist smile, to also surprised. Open an account and have a look. I can't see it.
4. Seeking an ancient prose by Su Shi represents the highest achievement of poetry and prose in the Northern Song Dynasty, which has benefited many teachers and absorbed the strengths of many scholars. In addition, great achievements have been made in creation. Many of Su Shi's famous prose is an important symbol of the fruitful poetry innovation movement, which represents the highest achievement of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty.
(1) Su Shi's outlook on literature and Taoism and the artistic style of Su Shi's prose. Su Shi's literary thought pays equal attention to literature and Taoism. He spoke highly of Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu's contributions to ancient Chinese prose, and thought that Han Yu's Eight Dynasties' Literary Decline, Daoji Lost in the World (Chaozhou Hanwen Gongci Monument), Ouyang Xiu's Avenue Like Han Yu and Memories Like Sima Qian (Stories of June 1) all paid equal attention to both literature and Taoism. However, Su Shi's views on literature and Taoism were very unique in the Northern Song Dynasty. First of all, Su Shi believes that the art of the article has independent value, such as "fine gold and beautiful jade, which is valuable in the market". Article is not only a tool to carry Tao, but also an advanced form of human spiritual activities. (things are rational, and people who suffer from loss don't know it. People who know can't reach it with their mouths and hands. Secondly, the "Tao" in Su Shi's mind is not limited to Confucianism, but refers to the law of things in general. For example, people who live in the sun and water "have the way of water" ("Japanese metaphor"); This is the same as "knowing cows by cleverness" in "Zhuangzi Health Master"). Therefore, Su Shi advocates that articles should be as natural as the objective world, with a natural attitude. He advocated the diversity and vividness of artistic style, and opposed the unification of literary style, believing that it would make the literary world as barren as "yellow hair and white reed". Su Wen's style changes freely with different objects, and is as natural and smooth as running water. Han Yu's ancient prose relies on eloquence, layout and momentum to achieve the same goal, while Su Wen relies on a contented and thoughtful way. Su Wen is full of energy, but his language is simple and natural, which is one of the characteristics that Wen Song is different from Tang Wen. Su Shi's works have a wide influence. He is keen on awarding prizes and training many talents. His works were widely circulated in the Song Dynasty and played an important role in the development of literature in the Song Dynasty. Su Shi was highly praised by Jin Dynasty poets, Ming Dynasty writers and Song Dynasty poets. Su Wen has been engaged in academic research for a long time, and his prose is the first in Ming and Qing Dynasties. On History and Politics —— Su Shi is good at writing argumentative essays. The papers on history and politics, including recitation, strategy and historical criticism, are mostly works closely related to Su Shi's political life. In his early years, he had a strong habit of being a strategist, and sometimes he pretended to be amazing and unreasonable. For example, On Jia Yi accused Jia Yi of not knowing how to make friends with ministers in order to win the trust of the court. There are many excellent chapters that are targeted and insightful, but some chapters are too long and disciplined. Such as Jin Ce, Si Zhilun and Hou Lun. His views are novel, not rigid, eloquent and flexible, which embodies the influence of essays such as Mencius and Warring States Policy. For example, "On Hou" said that the old man was a hermit in the Qin Dynasty, and humiliating Sean was to cultivate his tenacity; On Wang Ping criticizes Zhou Pingwang's mistake of moving the capital to avoid bandits, and its viewpoint is novel, profound and enlightening. These historical theories are good at randomness, amazing in writing, showing a high degree of argumentation skills, and became the model essays for scholars at that time, so they spread widely. Although historical and political essays show Su Shi's extraordinary talents, essays such as essays, letters, prefaces and postscripts can better reflect Su Shi's literary achievements. The letters written, such as On Mei Zhi Shu and A Book with Li Gongze, are mostly written in essays, which are not fake, and people have a deep understanding. Essays, miscellaneous feelings, trivial notes, writing notes, concise and clear, writing freely, quite tolerant. For example, "Night Tour in Chengtian Temple" and "Night Tour in Songfeng Pavilion" are handy, artistic and temperament. This writing is really a school of essays in the late Ming Dynasty. Another Qiu Chi Notes was also compiled by later generations. They strengthen logical persuasion with artistic appeal, so they are better than historical theory and orthodox theory. For example, Japanese Yu has two metaphors.
5. Translation of the ancient prose Su Shi's Personal Understanding of Fan Zhongyan