My knowledge of the country.
First, interchangeable characters
1. Going straight is not a hundred steps. )
If Wang knew this, there would be no hope to have more people than the neighboring countries. )
3. The white man is not responsible for wearing it on the road. )
I don't know if I'm hungry. )
Second, ancient and modern synonyms
I am for the country (I, the ancient monarch, call myself modest. Today is for lonely people. )
(2) Hanoi Meng (River, Yellow River, now generally refers to rivers. Fierce, bad grain, today often refers to people who are impatient and heartless. )
Please use the metaphor of war (please, please allow me. We often use each other today. For example, "please sit down" and let the other person sit down; "Please give guidance" to let the other party give guidance. )
(4) 70 people can eat meat (yes, "can" means "can" and "take" depends on it. Today it is often used to express agreement and approval. )
(5) Abandon armor and go (go, run, here refers to escape. Now it often refers to walking in general. )
6. Or take a hundred steps and stop (or, some people, indefinite pronouns. Now it is often used to choose the choice words in complex sentences. . )
⑦. What does the world think of him? Then, then. Now it is often used in pronouns, when saying "this" and "this", such as "sven". )
Today is to make people keep in good health and not regret losing their lives (keep in good health; The common meaning today is to keep fit. )
Pet-name ruby king innocent (innocent, don't blame; There is no crime in this common sense)
Third, the word is polysemy.
1. Numbers
(1) Number of people willing to fill in black ("Touching the dragon to tell the Zhao Queen") (noun, number, quantity)
(2) How many people in a family can be hungry ("I am for the country") (number, several, several)
(3) The number of winners and losers, the principle of survival, when compared with Qin, is still not easy to measure (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) (noun, fate)
(4) Fu Su remonstrated with mathematical theory, and stood outside the generals ("Chen She Family") (adverb, Shuo, repeatedly)
⑤ Counting doesn't count ("I am a country") (adjective, cù, dense, fine)
⑥ Meng Chong fought a thousand ships (Battle of Red Cliffs) (verb, sh incarnation, calculation).
Maintain integrity
(1) straight through the outside, not loose ("Ailian said") (adjective, contrary to "bend", not bend)
(2) Straight is not a hundred steps, but also a walk ("my country is also") (adverb, only, only)
(3) It is a "charcoal seller" (noun, meaning "value", value).
(4) Give yourself a degree, and then criticize Lu Shuai for breaking his word (preface) (adverb, straightforward)
send
(1) One shot at a time (idiom) (verb, fire)
(2) Send 900 left guards to Yuyang ("Chen She Family") (verb, sign, send)
(3) I don't know if I'm hungry ("I'm also in the country") (verb, open a granary to help the victims)
(4) Wild fragrance is rich, beautiful wood and beautiful shade (Zuiweng Pavilion) (verb, bloom)
(5) The host forgot to go home, and the guest had to go his way (Pipa) (verb, set out)
⑥ Great castration is also afraid of righteousness, so it is difficult for generate to make an unusual plan ("Five Tomb Monuments") (verb, realization)
⑦ An Neng condescends to be a hero, laments the grave, and expresses the sorrow of the people ("Five Tombs Monument") (verb, issue, express)
4. Soldiers
(1) Not me, but a soldier ("I am in the country") (noun, weapon)
(2) militancy (idiom) (noun, war)
(3) Chang' an will be the quality, and the soldiers will come out ("Touching the Dragon and Telling the Queen of Zhao") (noun, army)
(4) Every tree is a soldier (idiom) (noun, soldier)
win victory
The donkey is angry, hoof ("donkey of money") (verb, bear)
(2) Don't go against the farming season, the grain can't win ("I am also in the country") (adverb, do)
(3) The so-called victory over the imperial court ("Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi to remonstrate") (adjective, victory)
(4) At sunrise, the river is redder than the fire, and in spring, the river is as green as blue ("Recalling Jiangnan") (verb, exceeding)
⑤ In Baling, in Dongting Lake ("Yueyang Tower") (adjective, beautiful)
6. at
(1) There is no hope that there will be more people than our neighbors (preposition, than)
(2) I am for the country (preposition, right)
(3) People who give white clothes are not responsible for wearing them on the road (preposition, in)
(4) Move its people to Hedong (preposition, to)
⑤ Move Xiaomi to Hanoi (preposition, from)
What is the difference between stabbing and killing (preposition, and, and)?
7. Wang (surname)
(1) but not king (verb, king, pronounced "when")
② Liang Tian (noun, Wang, pronounced "Wang")
8.
Please use war metaphor (preposition, use, take)
(2) can be hungry (preposition, with this "you can" here can also be regarded as synonymous with ancient and modern times)
(3) Enter the forest in time (preposition, press)
(4) the meaning of applying for filial piety (preposition, put)
9. Eat
Dogs eat (verbs, eat) human food (nouns, food) without knowing it.
10. Wisdom
(1) Fill in the drum (syllable auxiliary word, meaningless line)
(2) the beginning of kingliness (structural auxiliary word, "virtue")
(3) the meaning of applying for filial piety (double pronoun, instead of "filial piety". Or for the word "Yu Zhi", for them)
(4) I am for the country (structural auxiliary words, which play a role in soothing the tone)
⑤ People who have no intention like me (structural auxiliary words, used between subject and predicate, cancel sentence independence)
⑥ A chicken, a dolphin, a dog, an animal (structural auxiliary, a sign to mention guests). Or as a compound pronoun, meaning "chicken, dolphin, dog")
Fourth, the flexible use of parts of speech
(A) the flexible use of nouns
1. Nouns as verbs
(1) Fill the drum (drum, noun as verb, "drum", "drum". Say it, not flexibly, with original intention)
② The tree is mulberry (tree, noun used as verb, "planting").
Fifty people can wear clothes and silk (clothes, nouns as verbs, "put on")
④ Wang is innocent (sin, noun as verb, "blame")
(5) However, he is not a king (king, noun as verb, "king", "unify the world").
2. Verb usage of nouns
It is to make people keep fit and lose their lives.
(B) the flexible use of verbs
1. verb as noun
It is to let the people keep fit and die without regret (life: living; Death: a dead person)
2. Causative usage of verbs
Then move its people to Hedong and its millet to Hanoi.
(C) the flexible use of adjectives
1. Adjectives as verbs
I'm willing to teach you in order (I'm willing to use adjectives as verbs, "do it seriously" and "do a good job seriously")
Five, the ancient Chinese sentence patterns
A verdict.
(1) not me, age (... and, judging by the table) not me, soldiers also. (... and, judging)
It is also necessary to leave (... and express judgment) so that people can keep fit and lose their lives without regret (... and express judgment).
(2) There is no regret in raising life and death, and the beginning of kingly way is also.
(2) Inverted sentences
1. Prepositional object sentence
(1) nothingness (prepositional object, which should be "nothingness").
② Animals with chickens, dolphins and dogs (in the preceding object, it should be "domestic animals with chickens, dolphins and dogs").
2. Postposition of subject-object structure (adverbial postposition sentence)
① Move its millet to Hanoi ("Yu Hanoi" is the subject-object structure)
(2) The tree is a mulberry ("Mulberry" as the object-object structure)
(3) White people will not be put on the road ("on the road" is an object-object structure)
(4) What's the difference between stabbing and killing ...
⑤ Filial piety is the meaning of application ("Filial piety is the meaning of object-object structure")
elliptical sentence
You can starve (omit the object "zhi" after "one", which means: you can't starve because of it)
Vi. Special structure (combined with the second question "Discussion and Practice" after class as a summary)
1. "or ... or" (some people ... some people ...)
Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. Some people stop after running a hundred steps, while others stop after running fifty steps.
2. "Go straight to the ear, it's really ... yeah" (this is just ... this is also ... ah)
Straight is not a hundred steps, but it is also a walk. -just didn't run a hundred steps, it was still running away.
3. "How is it different from ..." (How is this different from ...)
What's the difference between stabbing and killing, saying, "It's not me, it's a soldier"? -What's the difference between this situation and stabbing someone and killing them and saying, "It wasn't me who killed them, it was the murder weapon"?
My thoughts on the country.
After reading My Country, a picture in Mencius, a cartoon by Taiwanese cartoonist Cai Zhizhong, immediately appeared: Mencius preached the theory of "benevolence". Where is the noble king? But leaning back on the throne, I fell asleep. This is indeed a wonderful reflection of the embarrassing situation of Confucianism during the Warring States period, although it is a bit exaggerated.
Mencius has always been famous for his kind and touching words. In his speech, he can often "lure the enemy into depth" by grasping the most concerned issue in the conversation, so that the other party can enter his own thinking track, and then make easy-to-understand metaphors to achieve the purpose of persuading the other party. No, under the language offensive of Mencius, Liang was speechless for a long time and was obviously persuaded.
Although the literati (that is, a "son") conquered each other repeatedly in the conversation with the monarch, it was actually adopted by the monarch and legalists all the way. Every wise monarch knows the fact that the scholar's argument may be brilliant, even making him feel enlightened, but calm down and think about it, but don't believe all those fallacies, or the country will be in great trouble. "Benevolent politics" is a beautiful word, but the merger war does not believe in beauty. It takes too long to implement "benevolent government". Before you become strong, the troops of neighboring countries or big countries have been killed. In this way, it is not difficult to understand why monarchs are so "ignorant" in the face of scholars' persuasion.
Why don't scholars themselves want to see the world "achieve great governance" under the guidance of "this theory" is that most of the scholars' theories about their own management are utopian. Needless to say, Taoism's ideal of "a small country with few people" and Mohism's "universal love" and "non-attack" scared the monarch to "universal love" for his people at that time, which was already very good. In a word, "benevolent government" will not work. As for famous artists, peasants, yin and yang scholars ... it is more difficult to make great achievements than legalists, who can adapt to the needs of the merger war in the years of war. It is the so-called "gone with the times". Confucian scholars constantly hit a wall in various countries, but it is not necessarily that Confucianism is poor (later Confucianism became the orthodox thought of China feudal society for thousands of years, which proved its vigorous vitality), but that it is out of date. Poor scholars don't realize this, and their failure is a historical necessity.
"Ignorant" monarchs and "unsuccessful" scholars wrote a happy and sad page in the history of the Warring States Period.