Special food of Dragon Boat Festival
1 Zongzi
Eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional custom in China. There are many shapes and varieties of zongzi, such as regular triangle, regular quadrangle, pointed triangle, square and strip. Due to the different flavors in different parts of China, there are mainly two kinds: sweet and salty.
2. realgar wine
The custom of drinking realgar wine on Dragon Boat Festival is very popular in the Yangtze River valley. White wine or yellow wine brewed from ground realgar. Realgar can be used as an antidote and insecticide. Therefore, the ancients believed that realgar could inhibit snakes, scorpions and other pests. "Good can kill all poisons, eliminate all evils and cure all poisons. When a man turns his horse upside down, the tiger and the wolf crouch in the mountains, and all kinds of poisons enter the Sichuan water to avoid it. "
3. Huang Wu
There is a custom of eating "Huang Wu" on the Dragon Boat Festival in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Huang Wu refers to yellow croaker, cucumber, Monopterus albus, duck egg yolk and realgar wine (realgar wine is toxic, and ordinary rice wine is generally used instead of realgar wine). There are other sayings that salted duck eggs can be replaced by soybeans. In the fifth month of the lunar calendar, Jiangnan people call it May and Yellow Moon.
4. Tea eggs
Nanchang, Jiangxi has the custom of cooking tea eggs and salted eggs during the Dragon Boat Festival. The locals also dyed eggs, duck eggs and goose eggs red, put them in colorful net bags and hung them around their necks, hoping that the children would be safe and happy.
Step 5 make a cake
Dragon Boat Festival is a grand festival for Korean people in Yanbian, Jilin Province. The most representative food on this day is sweet cake. Caking is to put mugwort and glutinous rice in a big wooden trough carved with a single wood and beat it with a long-handled wood. This kind of food has national characteristics and can add festive atmosphere.
6. Garlic eggs
In rural areas such as Henan and Zhejiang, garlic and eggs are eaten during the Dragon Boat Festival. Eat garlic and eggs together to make breakfast. In some places, put some mugwort leaves when cooking garlic eggs. Eating garlic, eggs and fried buns for breakfast is said to avoid the "five poisons".
7. Fried pile
In Jinjiang, Fujian, every household will eat "fried piles" during the Dragon Boat Festival, which are made into thick paste with flour, rice flour or sweet potato powder. According to legend, in ancient times, it was the rainy season in southern Fujian before the Dragon Boat Festival, with continuous rain. People say that God has pierced a hole to "mend the sky". The rain stopped after eating fried piles on the Dragon Boat Festival. People say that the sky has been mended. This diet custom comes from this.
8. Oil cake
Eating oil cakes on Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional custom in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province. Oil cake is made of scalded oil noodles, stuffed with white sugar, osmanthus, walnut kernel, rose and lard, and then fried in an oil pan. The fried cake is golden yellow, crisp outside and sweet inside, which makes people drool when they take a bite.
9.Monopterus albus
Around the Dragon Boat Festival, eel meat is the most tender and nutritious time of the year, which not only tastes good, but also has the best nourishing effect. Therefore, there is a saying among the people that eels participate in the Dragon Boat Festival.
10, Ai Momo
Eating Folium Artemisiae Argyi during the Dragon Boat Festival can sterilize and repel insects, and has inhibitory effects on a variety of bacteria and skin fungi. So in many places, rice flour or flour is fermented and steamed with mugwort, which tastes sweet and soft.
1 1, face fan
Eating vermicelli on Dragon Boat Festival is very popular in Gansu and Ningxia. The local people make the hair into a fan shape with multiple layers, each layer is sprinkled with pepper, the surface is kneaded into various shapes of patterns, and then dyed with color, which is extremely beautiful.
12, pancakes
In parts of southern Fujian and Wenzhou, there is also the custom of eating pancakes during the Dragon Boat Festival. Pancakes are made into paste with flour, spread on a large flat-bottomed iron pot, made into translucent cakes, which look like a full moon and are as thin as a beautiful moon, and then rolled with fried bean sprouts, shredded lean meat, mushrooms and other fillings, and made into cylindrical food, similar to spring rolls.
13, mung bean cake
Wuhan, Nanjing, Wuhu, Xi 'an and other places will definitely eat mung bean cakes during the Dragon Boat Festival. "Gao" and "Gao" are homophonic, meaning the apprentice, and eating zongzi together during the Dragon Boat Festival also means "high school", which is the good wish of the students who are going to refer to it.
14, five reds
It is said that eating five reds during the Dragon Boat Festival can drive away five poisons and ward off evil spirits for a whole summer. However, the content of "five reds" varies from place to place. The common feature of these foods is that they turn red when cooked. Five reds are generally red amaranth, lobster, duck eggs in red oil, roast duck and eel.
15, five white people
Suzhou is the representative of Jiangnan water town. Dragon Boat Festival is characterized by eating five whites, generally only boiled white, boiled chicken, white tofu, cook the meat and white garlic.
16, salted duck eggs
Although many people usually eat it, it is meaningful to eat salted duck eggs on the Dragon Boat Festival. In ancient times, May was reset to the poisonous month, and salted duck eggs were eaten to avoid the five poisons, which refer to snakes, centipedes, spiders, geckos and scorpions.
17, twist
Crispy twist is also a must-have food for the Dragon Boat Festival. Because the Dragon Boat Festival has always been said to have five poisons, the custom of making twists on the Dragon Boat Festival has always been circulated among the people. Because twist is also called sesame candy, it is unlucky to let children eat sesame candy to stick their mouths on this day, in order to protect children's health and wish our life sweet and beautiful.
18, Bergen
Scolopendra is the general name of all kinds of roots and barks that can only be eaten around the Dragon Boat Festival, including fennel root, chicken thorn root, little red garlic, Paris polyphylla, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Li Feifen, Manshanxiang, Achyranthes bidentata, Angelica sinensis, burdock root, asparagus and so on. These "medicinal roots" with different shapes and different curative effects constitute the unique "centipede" of Yunnan Dragon Boat Festival. During the Dragon Boat Festival, the streets and alleys around Pu 'er and Simao in Yunnan began to be filled with hundreds of different kinds.
Stewed with native chicken, the picked hundred roots have a unique flavor and are very fresh and fragrant, rather than the common bitter taste of medicinal materials. Eating 100 pieces of chicken soup on the Dragon Boat Festival should be related to the environment of boils in ancient southwest China, and it is also because the Dragon Boat Festival is the most serious time of poisoning in a year, which is the same as expelling the five poisons in other places.
19, distilled rice
Popular in some Jin-speaking areas, steamed rice is steamed rice from yellow rice (millet). Steamed rice is a famous food popular in Taiyuan, Jinzhong and Lvliang. Children of Sanjin have been the core food for fairs, temple fairs, weddings and funerals, Dragon Boat Festival and Laba for thousands of years because of their exquisite craftsmanship, rich nutrition and profound cultural heritage.
20. Eat peaches, eggplant and kidney beans.
There is a saying in Sichuan that eating peaches, eggplant and kidney beans during the Dragon Boat Festival is suspected of health care and longevity. As the saying goes, eating eggplant will make you tremble, but eating beans will make you old. Hakka people in Miaoli also eat eggplant, long beans and peaches and plums during the Dragon Boat Festival. But the symbolic meaning of these foods is different from that of southerners. Eating plums represents offspring reproduction, and some people think that suspicion can resist heatstroke. Eating long beans can avoid being bitten by snakes (because long beans are shaped like snakes). Eating eggplant can resist mosquito bites (eggplant is called "hanging vegetables" in Hakka dialect, and biting people is "ㄉㄠ", which is homophonic).
Health knowledge of Dragon Boat Festival
Eating zongzi to clear away heat and relieve anxiety
Chinese medicine believes that glutinous rice has the functions of invigorating qi and spleen, stimulating appetite and promoting digestion. The leaves used to wrap zongzi are more delicate. Reed leaves are mostly used in the north, and bamboo leaves or lotus leaves are mostly used in the south. These leaves have good medicinal functions. For example, reed leaves can clear away heat and promote fluid production, remove troubles and quench thirst; Bamboo leaves can clear away heat, relieve annoyance, induce diuresis and detoxify; Lotus leaf can clear away heat, induce diuresis and regulate stomach. Generally speaking, Zongzi has the functions of clearing away heat, relieving annoyance, stimulating appetite and strengthening the spleen, and is especially suitable for eating in early summer.
When eating, you should pay attention to the sticky glutinous rice, which is the raw material for making zongzi. If you eat too much, you will easily get indigestion and you should not be greedy.
Acorus calamus var. artemisiae argyi detoxified freckle removing
There is a folk proverb that says, "Willows are inserted in Qingming Festival, and wormwood is inserted in Dragon Boat Festival." On the Dragon Boat Festival, every household will put calamus and moxa sticks on the lintel and hang them in the hall. Folium Artemisiae Argyi (also known as Folium Artemisiae Argyi) is a traditional Chinese medicine which is blindly fragrant and turbid, and has a strong detoxification and epidemic elimination effect. Modern research shows that hanging mugwort leaves and burning mugwort leaves do have the function of sterilization and prevention of plague epidemic. Folium Artemisiae Argyi and Rhizoma Acori Graminei also have the function of repelling mosquitoes, and the effect of slowly burning Folium Artemisiae Argyi is better.
Modern people rarely hang herbs such as mugwort leaves and calamus at home. For this problem, experts say it can be solved by smoking and spraying aerosol. Ordinary families can choose to close the doors and windows before and after the Dragon Boat Festival, and then smoke with the mixture of Acorus calamus, Artemisia argyi and Realgar for more than 2~4 hours, which can play a sterilization role. In addition, you can also buy aerosol to kill insects and mosquitoes in stores to achieve the purpose of killing pests.
Apply realgar wine to kill insects and detoxify.
Around the Dragon Boat Festival, many areas in southern China entered the rainy season, and the weather conditions were favorable for the activities and reproduction of mosquitoes, flies and pests. Realgar is a traditional Chinese medicine that blindly detoxifies and kills insects. Containing toxic arsenic salt, pests will be poisoned when they smell it, and people can avoid it when they apply it. Many people also drink realgar wine on Dragon Boat Festival, but it is not recommended to take it orally, because the main component of realgar is arsenic disulfide, which can be decomposed into highly toxic arsenic when heated.
Sprinkling realgar wine is one of the customs of Dragon Boat Festival. During the Dragon Boat Festival, realgar is mixed with wine to make realgar wine, which is sprinkled in the corner of the room and under the bed, which has a strong mosquito and insect killing effect. Because realgar can be absorbed from the skin, it is not suitable for large-scale external use to prevent poisoning.
Drinking Wu Jia wine can dispel dampness and ward off evil spirits.
It is a folk custom to pick five drinks and brew five drinks on the fifth day of May. Acanthopanax senticosus is Acanthopanax senticosus skin, which smells bitter. Acanthopanax senticosus skin has a strange fragrance, which can nourish liver and kidney and strengthen bones and muscles. People believe that drinking five glasses of wine can ward off evil spirits. Acanthopanax senticosus is mainly used to treat hernia, abdominal pain, male enuresis, female low back pain and foot pain. Located in a humid area, it is especially suitable for drinking Wu Jia wine during the Dragon Boat Festival.
Hanging sachets to dispel wind and cold
Many places in China have the custom of hanging sachets on the Dragon Boat Festival, which is also a way to prevent infectious diseases. The traditional Chinese medicines used in the self-made Dragon Boat Festival sachet are Rhizoma Atractylodis, Herba Agastaches, Fructus Evodiae, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Cortex Cinnamomi, Fructus Amomi and Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, 2g each, and 1 g clove. Grind these herbs and put them in a cloth bag for sewing. Can be worn on the chest, waist or navel, and can also be hung at the door, indoors or in the car. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that these herbs have the functions of expelling wind and cold, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, regulating qi and relieving pain, and dredging channels and nine orifices, thus playing a role in preventing diseases.
Tips: In the modern life style, some ancient customs of Dragon Boat Festival have been gradually abandoned. However, it turns out that our traditional customs contain many health-keeping mysteries.
The custom of eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival
Zongzi is an indispensable traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival, just like jiaozi must be eaten in the New Year, Yuanxiao must be eaten, and mooncakes must be eaten in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Zongzi was called dial, corn millet, tube zongzi and sticky millet in ancient times. Zongzi is called "Zongzi" because people wrap it in the shape of a palm leaf. "Brown" and "brown" are homophonic, shaped like a palm leaf and made of rice. Corner millet is named because the shape of zongzi is angular and covered with glutinous rice. The original zongzi was cooked by storing rice in bamboo tubes.
There is a folk legend about the origin of zongzi: After Qu Yuan was martyred in the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the people of the State of Chu sailed every year and threw rice in bamboo tubes into the Guluo River to show their respect for Qu Yuan. During the reign of Liu Xiujian, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-55), a man named Ou Hui in Changsha said that he saw a man who claimed to be a doctor Qu Yuan during the day and said to him, "The bamboo rice you sacrificed to me every year was eaten by the dragon. In the future, you can put mugwort leaves on the mouth of a bamboo tube and tie them with five-color silk, because Xiaolong is most afraid of this kind of thing. " Say that finish, people disappeared.
Later, Ou Hui told everyone about it, and everyone passed it on again, and everyone followed suit, so Zongzi came into being.
In fact, Zongzi came into being before Qu Yuan's life. According to relevant literature, at first, brown seeds only cooked glutinous rice and kneaded it into a ball. One was eaten by himself, and the other was thrown into the river to worship the dragon god.