A few white clouds are printed on the blue sky.
At the foot of the rolling green hills, there is a clear lake with big lotus leaves embedded in it. In the green lotus leaf, lotus is dotted with white and pink flowers. Sometimes, when you see a sunny dragonfly standing at the top of the lotus, Dai Yan often sweeps across the water. A breeze blew, lotus and lotus leaves danced, and silver waves appeared on the lake in the distance. All this is particularly fresh and pleasing to the eye in the scorching sun.
This lake, called Wangtian Lake, is located in Bahe Town, Xishui County, Hubei Province on the north bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with an area of about 10,000 mu in Fiona Fang.
1899165438+1October 24th (October 22nd, 25th year of Guangxu reign), Wen Yiduo was born in this beautiful place.
On the north bank of the lake, there is a blue brick house, which weighs several times as soon as it enters. At first glance, it is a noble family. The house is located in a ravine, with lush trees behind it and a long rice field in front. This is the former residence of Wen Yiduo, the new house of the literati in those days. Many years later, Wen Yiduo once described his former residence like this:
Facing a landscape painting screen,
At the edge of the chessboard rice field,
Squatting in the tile house watching chess-
Pinch tightly at the foot of the mountain.
This clear and unique writing style presents vivid ink paintings and shows Wen Yiduo's love for his hometown. This beautiful natural scenery gave Wen Yiduo a beautiful influence when he was a child, and the beautiful scenery in his hometown nourished Wen Yiduo, a poet, scholar and painter.
Bahe Town is located in the east of Hubei, where Bahe River meets the Yangtze River. This is an ancient territory of Chu. It used to be called Qishui County, but now it belongs to Xishui. Bahe River is the second largest river in Xishui, which originates from the southern foot of Dabie Mountain and flows into the river along the western edge of Xishui County. According to Xishui County Records, during the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a local immigrant named Bazhou lived in this estuary. Since then, people have called this river "Bahe", which has been used ever since. It is connected to Ezhou and Huangzhou in the upper part, Wuhan in the west and Huangshi and Jiujiang in the lower part, with convenient transportation and rich products. This place is especially famous for producing nine-hole lotus roots. Its lotus root is as white as jade, which is not rotten after a long time of cooking. Its entrance is soft and fragrant, so it is famous in eastern Hubei. It was once regarded as a palace tribute in the Qing Dynasty.
Since ancient times, Bahe River has been a rare land of fish and rice. Chen Ling, the champion of Jiaqing Xishui in Qing Dynasty, has a poem describing that "thousands of people cast nets every day and millions of lights at night". The culture here is developed and it is known as the hometown of drama. There is a habit of acting in festivals all year round, dragon lantern temple fairs, weddings and birthdays, clan music clips, and various folk Buddhist sacrificial activities. Often a performance lasts for ten days and a half, with men and women, helping the old and taking care of the young. After reading it here, I will go there to watch it again. There is a local saying that "there is something in the world, something in the play" and "read less Confucian books and watch more plays". Wen Yiduo is also a small opera fan. Whether playing in Bahe Town or nearby countryside, he always clamors for adults to lead him to catch up with the excitement.
Wen Yiduo is serious about watching the play! On the stage, the red flowers face inward and the white flowers face outward. He wants to ask clearly, is this a good person or a bad person? When an actor is crying and laughing, he can share his joys and sorrows with each other. Loyalty, good and evil in the "stage world" were subtly influenced in his young mind, which cultivated his sense of justice of not being afraid of violence, promoting good and restraining evil. Wen Yiduo is also particularly interested in all kinds of costumes in the play. After watching the play, I went home to draw pictures against the illustrations of characters in rural novels. After a long time, he painted landscapes, flowers, insects, birds, people and so on. Still in good order, praised by the elders. He bound them into a book.
Later, aunts and aunts who wanted to embroider pillows, collect socks and make peach blossom clothes at home and in the village all asked him to draw patterns. This early interest gradually developed into the internal cause of Wen Yiduo's passion for painting when he studied in Tsinghua and went to the United States to specialize in fine arts.
Wen Yiduo has established deep feelings with his parents, Gong Wei, on his interest in watching plays and painting.
Wei Qi participated in the peasant revolutionary army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom when he was young. After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he drifted from Jiangxi to Bahe Town, Xishui County, Hubei Province, where he worked as a helper for more than one family. He is kind, honest, popular and healthy. He is over seventy years old and can still move things with thick sticks. He gave up his job and worked in Wen Jia for decades, and his whole family respected him.
Wedge is very fond of Wen Yiduo. Wen Yiduo called a midwife when he was born. Wen Yiduo was seriously ill when he was one year old. At that time, he was called "fever". He burned for a long time and almost died. Even his mother prepared all the clothes and shoes for the funeral. It was also Wedge who went to see a doctor and took medicine again and again, and finally brought Wen Yiduo back to life. Every time Wedge comes back from Bahe Town, he never forgets to bring Wen Yiduo a cake, twist and other neighborhood snacks.
Every time he went to the theater, Wen Yiduo sat on Wedge's shoulder, clasped Wedge's forehead with his hand, and listened to Wedge tell stories, explain the plot and explain the stage characters. At home, Wedge rummaged through old books for Wen Yiduo to copy Xiu Xiang's paintings; He also cut paper-cut flowers for him, ordered picture books, and took him to Houshan or Wangtian Lake to sketch. He loves Wen Yiduo, and Wen Yiduo loves him very much and defends him everywhere. Wedge has a hobby: eating dog meat. But at that time, people thought that dog meat was not elegant, so it could not be sat and cooked on the stove. Therefore, Wedge had to put some bricks in the back door and build a pot or pot (a kind of cooker that looks like an ancient pot with ears and no feet) to cook and eat. However, some writers are not pleasing to the eye and often scold. Wen Yiduo expressed disapproval. On one occasion, Wei Qi burned dog meat again. Wen Yiduo heard that someone was going to hit him, so he asked Wei Qi to hide in the study. He stood up and complained, "Is it right to hit someone?"
Bahe Town has always been a place where talented people come forth in large numbers. In the past, Qishui County once shined brilliantly in the history books with the title of "clear champion, bright face". Coincidentally, however, both the champion and the prime minister are concentrated in Bahe town, and they are less than three or four miles apart. "Xiang" refers to Yao (1583 ~ 1644), who was a scholar in the forty-seventh year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (16 19) and later served as the minister of the household department; "No.1 scholar" refers to Chen Ling (1785 ~ 1826). In the 24th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 19), Ding Jia was the top scholar, famous in Kyoto and even more famous in his hometown of catalpa. Since then, the villagers in Bahe area have regarded them as models for educating their children to become talents. Wen Jia is the younger brother of scholars in Bahe area, and talented people come forth in large numbers. 2 scholars, 5 judges, 17 Gong Sheng, 62 imperial college, 1 19 scholars. If the book is not continued, it is a great hatred of this family. Wen Yiduo's father, Zuo Kui, is studious and good at poetry and music. He pinned the hopes of the tree people on future generations. First of all, a "learning home for inducing kindness" was built. When my family was rich, I built an extraordinary new Wen Jia house, and specially set up a "Face Pavilion" study. Later, when there were more students, it was renamed "Miangexuan Primary School".
Wen Yiduo's father, whose real name is Bangben, also known as Zheng Ting, is named Dao Fu, ranking second. He is a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, and he is quite accomplished in Chinese studies. He is a rigorous and diligent elder. He participated in some reform activities in his early years and accepted the influence of the new trend of thought earlier. He is deeply patriotic and saves the country, honest and clean, and unwilling to follow the fashion. After staying in politics for a period of time, he retired to other places, lived in seclusion, studied and wrote, invited teachers to supervise, and founded an improved private school, taking it as his duty to coach his children and grandchildren. He has 10 children, 5 boys and 5 girls. Wen Yiduo is the fourth son and a famous musician. This big family with four generations living under one roof has 17 cousins, and there are many rows of them 1 1. For convenience, his brothers and sisters call him "Brother One", and his sons and nephews call him "Uncle One" and "Uncle One".
Wen Yiduo was enlightened at the age of 5, and his teacher's surname was Xu. This old gentleman is a bit eccentric, and his discipline is quite strict. He still uses the same old methods, and also learns traditional textbooks such as the Three Character Classics, the study tour in Qionglin and Erya. However, his teaching is very responsible and meticulous, and the students respect him. At first, Wen Yiduo was young and contended with his brothers to read aloud. Although he can't compete, he is serious and strong. In the evening, my father and I read Chinese books together. My father likes to tell him interesting stories in Hanshu, especially stories that scholars have studied hard since childhood. Young Wen Yiduo can compare the story of ancient people's hard study told by Mr. Xu during the day with the story in Hanshu. This makes my father look at it and enjoy it.
When Wen Yiduo was 6 years old, Wen Jia hired Wang Meifu, who graduated from normal school, as a teacher. Mr. Wang is an enlightened scholar. In the traditional courses, he also introduced new textbooks such as Chinese, history, natural history and self-cultivation, and also chose Liang Qichao's articles to teach students. Because these articles are simple, contemporary and close to life, children feel fresh. His teaching methods have also changed, instead of letting students shake their heads and memorize, they pay attention to the ability to use words. Teachers teach well and students learn well. Wen Yiduo's eyes opened wide and his interest became stronger.
Children are naturally interesting. Whenever there is a dragon lantern, a lion or a wedding sedan chair outside the door, the children will be in high spirits and watch the excitement noisily. But Wen Yiduo didn't seem to hear anything, nothing happened, and buried himself in reading. This kind of study, which is not disturbed, does not go with the flow, and is as mature and prudent as a "little adult", has really won unanimous praise from my family.