His father, Su Xun, was the "Sue" mentioned in The Amethyst at the age of 27. Su Xun got angry late, but he worked hard. In his later years, Su Shi recalled his childhood experience of studying with his father and felt that he was deeply influenced by his father. Of course, without Su Xun's hard work, Su Shi would not have been able to get a good tutor since he was a child, let alone "learn the history of general classics, which belongs to thousands of words every day", let alone have a future literary master.
In the first year of Jiayou (1056), 21-year-old Su Shi left Sichuan for Beijing for the first time to take the imperial examination in the imperial court. The following year, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites, won the appreciation of Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, with an article on loyalty to punishment, and became a scholar in high school.
In the sixth year of Jiayou, Su Shi took the Chinese secondary school exam, which is usually called "three-year Beijing Examination", got the third grade, and signed a book for the judge in Dali. Later, his father died in Bianjing, and Ding returned to his hometown. In the second year of Xining (1069), he returned to the DPRK after his term of office, and he was still appointed.
Su Shi has been away from Beijing for several years, and great changes have taken place in North Korea. After Zongshen ascended the throne, he appointed Wang Anshi to support the political reform. Many of Su Shi's teachers and friends, including Ouyang Xiu, who admired him at the beginning, were forced to leave Beijing because they disagreed with the new country Wang Anshi's implementation of the new law. The old rain in the ruling and opposition parties faded away, and what Su Shi saw in his eyes was no longer the "peaceful and prosperous times" he saw at the age of twenty.
On his way back to Beijing, Su Shi saw the harm of the new law to ordinary people, so he disagreed with Prime Minister Wang Anshi and thought that the new law could not facilitate the people, so he wrote a letter of opposition. As a result, like his teachers and friends who were forced to leave Beijing, they were not allowed to stay in the court. So Su Shi asked for his release and was transferred to Hangzhou to serve as a general.
Su Shi stayed in Hangzhou for three years. After his term, he was transferred to Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places.
This lasted for about ten years, and Su Shi met the first disaster in his life. At that time, someone deliberately distorted his poems and made a big fuss. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi arrived in Huzhou for less than three months, and was arrested and imprisoned for writing poems to satirize the new law, which is known as Wutai Poetry Case.
Su Shi was in prison 103 days, almost on the verge of being beheaded. Su Shi was spared because of the national policy of not killing the ministers of the official department during Mao's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty.
After he was released from prison, Su Shi was demoted to Yong Lian of Huangzhou Regiment (equivalent to the vice captain of modern civil self-defense forces). This position is quite humble, and at this time, Su Shi has been disheartened after this prison. In his spare time, he leads his family to reclaim wasteland and farms to help make a living. The nickname "Dongpo lay man" was given to him at this moment.
In the seventh year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong, Su Shi left Huangzhou for Ruzhou. Due to the long distance and tiring journey, Su Shi's children died unfortunately. Ruzhou is far away, and all the tolls have been used up. Coupled with the pain of losing his son, Su Shi wrote to the court, requesting not to go to Ruzhou for the time being, and to live in Changzhou first, and then was approved. When he was ready to return to Changzhou, Zongshen passed away.
Zhezong ascended the throne, the high queen mother listened to politics, the new party forces fell, and Sima Guang was re-enabled as prime minister. So Su Shi was recalled to North Korea as a doctor by the Ministry of Rites in 1998. In the first half of the month, I was promoted to the residence of Sheren, and after three months, I was promoted to the position of Sheren in Zhongshu, so I was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Hanlin.
As the saying goes, "Beijing officials are not easy to be." Su Shi saw the emerging forces desperately suppressing the figures of Wang Anshi Group and abolishing the new law. He thought that they were just birds of a feather with the so-called "Wang Dang" and once again offered advice and suggestions to the emperor.
So far, Su Shi can neither tolerate the new party nor forgive the old party, so he once again asked for a transfer. As a bachelor of Longtuge, he went to Hangzhou as a prefect again after a long absence of 16 years. Su Shi built a major water conservancy project in Hangzhou, dredged the West Lake, and built a dam beside the West Lake with dredged silt, which is the famous "Su Causeway".
Su Shi lived happily in Hangzhou and compared himself to Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. But in his sixth year in Yuan You, he was recalled to North Korea. But he was soon released to Yingzhou because of political disagreement. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the new party came to power again. He was demoted to Huizhou resettlement, and later he was demoted to another family in Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province) and Changhua Army resettlement on the charge of "ridiculing the first dynasty". Hui Zong acceded to the throne, transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, and served as deputy special envoy and Yongzhou for resettlement. In the third year (1 10 1), Fu Yuan was pardoned and restored to the classical style. On his way back to the North, he died in Changzhou, posthumous title. At the age of 66.
Su Shi is a literary master who experienced the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty. He inherited the tide of poetic innovation in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, took Ouyang Xiu as a literary ally, pushed various literary and artistic styles such as poetry, prose and ci to the peak of the Northern Song Dynasty, and created a situation in which talents such as "Four Gentlemen of Sumen" (Huang Tingjian, Zhang Lei, Chao, Qin Guan, Li Zhi, Chen Shidao, also known as "Six Gentlemen of Sumen") came forth in large numbers.
Keywords: Su Shi Prose, Ci Fu, Su Ci
Su Shi devoted his life to literary and artistic creation. He attaches great importance to the social function of literature, opposes "Zhong Hua despises reality" and emphasizes that the author should have a complete life experience. In his opinion, writing should be "like flowing water, with no definite quality at the beginning", "natural and artistic, with changeable posture" ("thank-you letter"), dare to innovate, be brave in originality, and "act creatively and boldly". He used "seeking the beauty of things is like catching shadows from the wind", and then explained "expressing words" by "knowing things with his mouth", which touched the special law of literary and artistic creation. Su Shi's creative practice embodies his literary view. He is a great man with many talents, and has made unique achievements in poetry, ci and prose.
First, Su Shi's ancient prose and ci fu 46
(A), Su Shi's cultural outlook and Taoist thought and the artistic style of Su Shi's prose
Su Shi's literary thought pays equal attention to literature and Taoism. He highly praised Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu's contributions to ancient Chinese prose, and thought that Han Yu's Eight Dynasties Literature Began to Decline, and Daoji was lost in the world (Chaozhou Hanwen Gongci Monument), Ouyang Xiu's Talking about the Avenue as Han Yu, and Recalling Things as Sima Qian (June 1 Story Collection) all paid equal attention to both literature and Taoism. But taking Su Shi as an example, the article is not only a tool to carry Tao, but also an advanced form of human spiritual activities. (things are inherently rational, suffering from ignorance, suffering from the fact that knowledge cannot reach the mouth and hands. Secondly, the "Tao" in Su Shi's mind is not limited to Confucianism, but refers to the law of things in general. This is the same as "being a skilled master" in Zhuangzi. Therefore, Su Shi advocates that the article should be as natural as the objective world, and its posture is full of vitality. He advocates the diversity and vividness of artistic style, and opposes the sameness of literary style, which will lead to the desolation of literary world like Huang Mao Bai Wei.
Su Wen's style changes freely with different objects, as natural as running water. Han Yu's ancient prose relies on eloquence, layout, accumulation and other means, and all roads lead to the same goal, while Su Wen relies on an eloquent and thoughtful way. Su Wen's momentum is vigorous, but his language is simple and natural, which is one of the characteristics that Wen Song is different from Tang Wen. Su Shi's works have a wide influence. He has trained many talents. His works were widely circulated in the Song Dynasty and played an important role in the development of literature in the Song Dynasty. Su Shi was highly respected by Jin Dynasty poets, Ming Dynasty writers of public security school and Qing Dynasty poets of Zongsong school. After a long period of study, Su Wen's essays opened the door to essays in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Historical theory, political theory—
Su Shi is good at writing argumentative essays. The papers on history and politics, including recitation, strategy and historical criticism, are mostly works closely related to Su Shi's political life. The historical comments he wrote in his early years have a strong habit of strategizing, and sometimes they are amazing and unreasonable. For example, On Jia Yi accused Jia Yi of not knowing how to make friends with ministers in order to win the trust of the court. Except for some of them, there are many. Thinking theory and resignation theory. He is novel in thought, eloquent and flexible, which embodies the influence of essays such as Mencius and Warring States Policy. For example, in rhetoric, he claimed that the old man was a hermit in the Qin Dynasty and humiliated Sean to cultivate his tenacity. On King Ping criticizes Zhou Pingwang's mistake of avoiding bandits and moving the capital, with novel and profound views. These historical theories are good at random germination, amazing writing style, showing a high degree of argumentation skills, and became the model essays that scholars should take in the imperial examination at that time, so they were widely circulated.
2 articles
Although history and politics show Su Shi's extraordinary talent, essays, letters, prefaces and postscripts can better reflect Su Shi's literary achievements. Most of his books, such as Mei Zhi and Li Gongze, are essays and carvings, which make people feel deeply. Essays, miscellaneous feelings, trivial notes, people write notes. It is artistic conception and temperament. This writing is really a school of essays in the late Ming Dynasty. In addition, Qiu Chi Notes was also compiled by later generations. They strengthen logical persuasion with artistic appeal, so they are more beautiful than historical and orthodox theories. For example, two metaphors in Japanese Yu:
People who don't know the sun naturally ask people with eyes. Or they tell them, "The sun looks like a copper coin." When they buckle the plate, they will hear the sound. When they smell the clock, they think it is also the sun. Or when they make it, they will say, "sunlight is like a candle."
There are many people living in the south. At the age of seven, they can wade, at the age of ten, and at the age of fifteen. If you don't have a husband, you will definitely get the water. If they live in sunshine and water, they will find a way out at the age of fifteen. If they don't know water, they will be strong and scared when they see the boat. Therefore, the brave in the north don't ask anyone, just ask themselves, and take this as their own words.
This paper demonstrates that the understanding of things can not rely on one-sided knowledge, but needs to master the laws and principles of things through practice, and its reasoning is very thorough. However, its reasoning is displayed through vivid examples or images, so giving readers a deep and vivid impression can not only make people gain intellectual understanding, but also bring aesthetic pleasure.
3 Narrative Notes of Wandering Articles
Su Shi's narrative, narrative, lyricism and discussion are well combined.
Narrative travel prose has the highest artistic value in Su Wen, and there are many well-known masterpieces. Inscriptions of characters, such as Chaozhou Chinese temple stele, pavilions and essays, such as western pavilions, are good at capturing the characteristics of scenery and expressing interest, such as writing notes and red wall poems, which mean that the scenery is interesting and borrowing scenery. Stylistically, Wang Yang is proud of his physical form; It can better reflect the influence of Zhuangzi and Zen writing.
The Story of Shi Zhongshan is a commentary-oriented travel note. It takes the name Shi Zhongshan as the center, corrects the previous statement according to the experience of on-the-spot investigation, and leads to the philosophy that there is nothing you can't "see and hear" and you can't "guess whether there is". Clear thinking and thorough argumentation. What is particularly valuable is that the comments in this article are gradually developed in the beautiful artistic conception of scene blending, such as writing about the moonlight boat trip and watching the Yamagata section:
At dusk in jathyapple, I came to the precipice by boat alone, standing on the edge of a big stone, like a wild animal and a strange ghost, eager to fight with people. On the other hand, the stork perched on the mountain, and the voice began. In the middle of the night, people's coughs and laughter came from the valley, or this stork longed for it.
A few strokes painted a beautiful and gloomy realm, just like being there, and the author's feelings of secluded exploration and seeking truth were fully displayed. The description of scene blending directly conforms to the exposition and is a model of perfect combination of narration, lyricism and reasoning.
Because Su Shi takes "keeping promises" as the criterion, there are few complicated sentences, which is most prominent in his notes. For example, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple, with only more than 80 words, is a wonderful work in the Song Dynasty, with transcendent artistic conception and meaningful charm.
On October 2, 20061KLOC-0, Yuan Feng undressed and went to sleep, entered the house in the moonlight and set off happily. Those happy people who got nothing went to Chengtian Temple to look for Zhang Huaimin. People are still awake. They are walking in the atrium. The courtyard is as empty as water, and the water surface is covered with algae and covered with bamboo and cypress. There is no night, no moon, no bamboo and cypress, but there are few idle people like me.
(B), Su Shi's Ci and Fu and Si Liu
Su Shi's ci and fu harmony has also made great achievements. His ci-fu inherited Ouyang Xiu's tradition, but it was more integrated with the sparse spirit of ancient prose and absorbed the lyrical meaning of poetry, so that shine on you was better than Blue, and he created famous works such as "Fu on the Red Wall" and "After Fu on the Red Wall". "Red Cliff Fu" follows the traditional question-and-answer mode between subject and object, restraining guests from extending the theme and expressing their feelings.
The wind is cool and the water is quiet. Holding wine as a guest, reciting the poem of the bright moon and singing the chapter of grace. The moon rises above the East Mountain and wanders between bullfights. Dew across the river, water meets the sky. A reed is like a reed, and the sky is at a loss Vast and boundless, like an independent wing.
Beautiful and bright scenery and relaxed and happy mood constitute an open and bright artistic realm, and that vague and illusory feeling directly paves the way for the later writing of detached philosophy of life, which embodies the author's superb expression ability and language skills.
Su Shi's flowing style is even reflected in forty-six. When he was in imperial academy, he drew up the imperial edict, which was rich in content and powerful, which was rare in Taige's writing. The statement he wrote after his relegation was even more touching, and it was a rare emotional work in forty-six. For example, Xie Liang moved to Ruzhou Table;
Only self-pity, send life on the rivers and lakes; In shock, I was sleepwalking. I am haggard and inhuman. I am crazy and have lost my ambition. My wife snickered, but my relatives and friends broke up. After years of illness, it is said that everyone died. Hunger, cold and exposure to the hot sun made me tired of the rest of my life.
Su Shi's prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu and Wang Anshi in the Song Dynasty, but from the literary point of view, Su Wen is undoubtedly the most accomplished one in Song Wenzhong.
Second, Su Shi's poems
There are more than 2,700 existing poems by Su Shi, with a wide range of themes and rich contents. Sympathy for the people and concern for production are the prominent contents of Su Shi's poems, but more places criticize the disadvantages of the new law. Some poems that care about production, such as The Second Rhyme Chapters Pass Happy Rain, Dalu Reclamation, Carboniferous Period, Sheep and Horse Song, You Boluo Temple, etc. It has been developed in many places, with extensive materials and novel meanings. Su Shi's landscape poems and interesting poems have the highest artistic value and are the most popular. Poems such as Visiting Jinshan Temple, Night View of Wanghailou, Drunk Book of Wanghulou, Rain and Chuqing after Drinking on the Lake depict the night of the Yangtze River, the clear rain in the south of the Yangtze River and the scenery of the West Lake. Poems such as "Climbing to the Top of the Long Mountain, Pavilions and Pavilions", "Hundred Steps of Red" and "Climbing to Haicheng" vividly depict the local scenery and places of interest in Jiangbei. Su Shi is not only good at observing and capturing the different characteristics of local scenery, but also describes the fresh and simple rural environment with joy and love. The pastoral poems written in Lingnan reflect the harmonious relationship between the author and Huizhou people and Li people. Su Shi is good at learning from daily life and ordinary natural scenery. What people didn't send were thought-provoking and interesting poems, such as the Xilin wall of the pavilion, Qin poems, and the Sangha Pagoda in Sizhou, which conveyed the meaning of the scene, implied meaning because of the incident, and had endless aftertaste. Some poems are often full of bright and optimistic interest, which embodies the spirit of defying adversity and despising difficulties. Su Shi's poems are bold, smart and carefree. Whether it is the state of things or people's feelings, it can be described vividly and lyrically. Su Shi's poems are imaginative, interesting, novel, appropriate and fascinating. Su Shi sometimes speaks frankly and talks about Yingfa, which is full of momentum. Su Shi can master all the ancient and modern styles freely, but he is good at ancient styles and seven words. His seven ancient poems are magnificent and unpredictable, which can best reflect his unrestrained talent. Su Shi's seven laws are also excellent, natural and charming, with beautiful style, which is slightly similar to Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi, but more alarming. Su Shi has made little effort in five words, and there are not many five laws and five sentences, while the seven laws are beautiful and lively, with many famous articles.
(A), Su Shi's theme orientation
1, extroversion: actively involved in social reality-"full of inappropriateness"-criticizing reality
By describing the sufferings of people's livelihood (natural disasters and man-made disasters), we can express our criticism of reality.
The plague of locust drought: "Except for the heavy snow at night, I stayed in Weizhou on sunny days, so it snowed halfway": "After three years of drought in the east, I fled from home to my apartment. The old farmer sighed and burst into tears. "
Flood: "Send Huang's Zhejiang Fairy": "wuyue people have been swallowed up by rivers and lakes for a long time, alas. Officials have poured their own money and are not satisfied with Li Yuan. "
The curse of hard labor: Wu Zhongtian Fu Tan: "Now officials want money instead of rice, and northwest Wan Li recruits Qiang people. Palace is more bitter in court, it is better to be a Hebo woman. "
Criticize reality by reflecting on history, such as Litchi Tan;
2. Introversion: In-depth life thinking-philosophical thinking-depression and detachment-optimistic and broad-minded spirit ("My heart is like a gray tree, and my body is like a ship that is not tied. Ask your occupation, Huangzhou, Huizhou, Danzhou. " )
Philosophical thinking.
Title Xilin wall: Seen from the side of the mountain, the height of the mountain varies. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I was born in this mountain.
3. Depression and transcendence.
Deep thinking about life makes Su Shi take a calm and broad-minded attitude towards ups and downs.
Although Su Shi's poems always convey the distress in adversity, in most cases, he shows contempt and transcendence of suffering.
People who write about depression, such as Two Poems on Cold Food and Rain, write about the life dilemma of "cooking cold dishes with empty hands and burning reeds with broken stoves" and the mentality of "your door is deep and heavy, and your grave is in Wan Li" with great pain.
4, reflect optimism, performance beyond. For example, when I first arrived in Huangzhou, there was a saying, "The Yangtze River knows the beauty of the fish surrounding the country, and the bamboo shoots in the mountains are fragrant." Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou are all exile places of Dongpo. Su Shi can get rid of the pain of relegation and exile and use humorous style to resolve it. Its optimistic and open-minded spirit can be seen. It is flowery words, and there is no illness of fatigue and depression. For example, crossing the sea on the night of June 20: I'm going to the third night, and the bitter rain will eventually clear up. When the clouds open and the moon shines, it is clear who adorns the sky and the sea. If you have nothing to do, you will know the joy of Xuanyuan. I don't hate dying in the south, so I will spend the rest of my life traveling!
This poem was written by Su Shi when he came back from Danzhou. The poem reveals his pride in overcoming darkness and his broad mind, which is magnificent.
(B), Su Shi's artistic style
Su Shi is a knowledgeable scholar who is proficient in the artistic skills of poetry. He treats artistic norms with amazing innovative spirit.
(1) Renovating amazing artistic skills
Su Shi's metaphor is vivid and novel.
South Garden, Spring Rain Over Luowan
"Hundred Steps Flood" uses seven metaphors to describe flowing water: "It's like a rabbit walking with a falcon, a fine horse riding on a steep slope, a broken string leaving the column, an arrow flying out of the column and a ball flying over the gap." .
Su Shi's poems are safe, accurate and natural.
The last one said, "I've been talking about the ancient battlefield all my life, but I'm lost in the sun." This is an example of clever use of allusions.
Su Shi's antithesis is exquisite and lively, and his intention is to break the routine.
"I first entered Jiangxi in August and July and crossed the beach of fear."
Seemingly plain but actually amazing, seemingly loose but actually concise, the specific skills are almost invisible in the poem, because its artistic pursuit is focused on the whole.
(2) unparalleled performance ability.
Zhao Yi's "Ou Bei Shi Hua" says: Su Shi is "born with a healthy pen, as cool as a sad pear, as fast as cutting at the same time, as hidden feelings must be reached, so he becomes everyone after Li and Du".
Taking pictures in the stream and fetching water to make tea are all very vivid and interesting in Dongpo's works.
"Pan Ying" "suddenly scales, chaos had to and eyebrow. I scattered into a hundred Dongpo and arrived in a blink of an eye. "
"Continuing for the Tao" intones Zhou Fang's beautiful painting "My wife stretches without leaning back", and infers from imagination that the beauty of people in the painting "teaches them to look back and smile". It's easy to make things difficult and easy to lift weights.
(3) "Qing Xiong" style of combining rigidity with softness.
Su Shi has learned from many teachers, such as Fatao, Li, Du, Han, Meng, and even his mentor Huang Tingjian. His poetic style is vivid and reflects diverse aesthetic tastes.
Su Shi paid special attention to the integration of two opposing styles. He pays great attention to the mutual infiltration and adjustment of masculine beauty and feminine beauty in his creation. Undoubtedly, the dominant style of Su Shi's poetry is bold and unconstrained, and some of his works even have the shortcomings of generosity. However, many of Su Shi's outstanding works are both rigid and flexible, showing a "beautiful and heroic" style.
Third, Su Shi's Ci
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi broke through the barrier that ci must be fragrant and soft, and created a number of new ci chapters, paving the way for the rapid development of ci style. Judging from Dongpo Ci in 340 and 50, Su Shi's innovation in ci style is various. Su Shi expanded the function of Ci to reflect social life, not only writing traditional themes such as love, parting and travel, but also expressing his ambition to serve the country and rural life. He expanded the scope of his words. He portrayed heroes with powerful pens and expressed his great ambition to contribute to the country, such as (Jiang) "talking about teenagers" and so on. Su Shi devoted himself more to expressing his personality in his ci. (Man Jianghong) "Coming from the West to Jianghan" is nostalgic, using Mi Fei's experience to cover up his resentment. (Ding Feng) "Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves in the forest" embodies the attitude of life that is not afraid of ups and downs. He writes poems with heroic momentum and vigorous brushwork, and his style is mostly heroic and frustrated. For example, in (Klang Ganzhou), the wind of love comes from Wan Li, and the brushwork is like a snowy mountain. As far as the development of a style itself is concerned, the style of ci has been comprehensively reformed, which finally broke through the traditional pattern of ci as a colorful subject, improved the literary status of ci, made ci a lyric poem comparable to poetry, and fundamentally changed the development direction of ci history. Until the Qing Dynasty, Su Ci was still dominated by poets such as Chen Weisong.
(1) The concept of poetry as a whole.
Su Shi broke the concept that poetry is superior to ci in theory.
The word "Poem for Miao People" ("Elegy")
The word "Nature is a family" (Qingxin Zijun)
(2) The development of Ci.
The main direction of Su Shi's ci style reform is to expand the expressive function of ci. He expanded the traditional expression of women's tenderness to the expression of men's lofty sentiments, and changed the traditional expression of love into the expression of temperament, so that the words fully expressed the author's temperament embrace and personality like poems.
"Qinyuanchun, Mizhou, leave early and send the children immediately":
The lonely pavilion is full of lights, and the number of pheasants in the wild shop is broken. Gradually, the moon is closed, the morning frost is bitter, the Yunshan is full of brocade, and the morning dew is full of dew. The world is endless and the labor force is limited, which seems to be a fresh pleasure in this respect. After whispering, the past is endless. At that time, * * * was a guest in Chang 'an, like a teenager who came to the second land.
It not only shows his ideal of Yao Shun's life, but also shows his heroic and confident spirit when he was young, and also shows his complicated life feelings after his middle-aged career was frustrated.
Jiangchengzi Mizhou Hunting
I am a teenager, with yellow hair on the left, white hair on the right, mink hair in a golden hat and swift horse on Pingshan. In order to repay Qingcheng, I went to shoot a tiger to see Sun Lang. I'm still drunk and my chest is still open. My temple is a little frosty. What's the matter? When I hold the festival cloud, I send the phoenix hall. I will bow like a full moon. Look northwest, I want to shoot Sirius.
It shows his great ambition of galloping on the battlefield and making great efforts to govern.
Su Like's poems and Su Shi's poems often reflect his thoughts on life.
Nian Nujiao Nostalgia for the Red Cliff: A River of No Return, a romantic figure through the ages. To the west of the old base, the humanities are Chibi, Zhou Lang and the Three Kingdoms. Rocks went through the air and rushed to the coast, rolling up thousands of piles of snow. The mountains and rivers are picturesque, and there are many heroes at one time. Come to think of it, Xiao Qiao got married for the first time, dashing, wearing a black scarf and laughing.
Although Su Shi deeply felt that life was like a dream, he did not deny it, but tried to get rid of himself and always maintained an optimistic belief and a detached and adaptive attitude towards life.
"Sand lake road rain, rain gear first, peers are chaotic. I didn't feel it. It's already sunny, so I pretend to be like this:
Don't listen to the leaves beating in the forest, why not sing and walk slowly? Bamboo straw sandals are lighter than horses, who is afraid? A bitter misty rain will wake you up all your life. The cold spring breeze will sober you up. It will be a little cold. The hills will be caught by oblique photos. Looking back, you will always go home. There will be no rain or shine.
Su Shi not only extended to the inner world, but also extended to the outer world. In his poems, Su Shi not only describes the author's daily life, casual reading, farming, hunting and sightseeing, but also further shows the magnificent scenery of nature.
Su Ci's description of natural landscapes, or winning by flowing water, such as "Jianghan comes from the west, the grapes are deep blue, you bring your own, the snow waves in Fujian and Hubei, the spring scenery in Jinjiang", or is famous for its freshness and beauty, such as "It's raining in Shan Yu, the creek bridge is clear, the small garden is quiet, the moonlight outside the door is like water, and the colorful boats are horizontal. "
Su Shi's creative practice shows that nothing can be written without heart. Ci, like poetry, has the function of fully expressing social life and real life. Because Su Shi expanded the expressive function of Ci, enriched the emotional connotation of Ci, expanded the temporal and spatial scenes of Ci, and improved the artistic taste of Ci, which made Ci rise from a small path to a lyric body with the same status as poetry.
(C) Poetry as a word
The so-called poetry as a word is to transplant the expression of poetry into words. This is Su Shi's main weapon to change his ci style. Poets in Yuan You began to write poems by poetic method, which was reflected in Su Shi.
1, extensive use of preface
2, the use of allusions
Fourthly, Su Shi's position and influence in the history of literature.
To sum up, Su Shi has made great achievements in writing and poetry, and is the representative of the highest achievements in Song literature.
Judging from the scope of literary history, Su Shi's significance mainly has two points. First, Su Shi's attitude towards life has become a paradigm admired by later scholars: advancing and retreating freely, not being shocked by humiliation. Secondly, Su Shi's aesthetic attitude provides an enlightening aesthetic paradigm for later generations. He embraces the world with a broad aesthetic vision, so everything is considerable and beauty is everywhere. This paradigm has opened up a new world for future generations in terms of subject matter content and expression methods. Therefore,
Su Shi enjoyed a great reputation in the literary world at that time and was the literary leader after Ouyang Xiu.
Bachelor Su Men, Qin, Huang, Chen and Zhang
Su Men, Qin, Huang, Chen, Zhang, Chao, and Li Liujun.
Scholars under the influence of Su Shi. Li, Li Chi Ngai, Tang Geng, Zhang Shunmin, Kong and He Zhu.
In a word, Su Shi is an all-rounder in literature and art, and has made outstanding achievements in poetry, writing, ci, calligraphy and painting. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called "Ou Su", his poetry and Huang Tingjian are called "Su Huang", and his ci and Xin Qiji are called "Su Xin", which has a far-reaching influence on that time and later generations.