1, Variety: Variety grade, only grape names are listed, which is the most basic wine.
2. Reservation: Treasured grade wine has been stored in oak barrels, which is better than variety grade wine.
3. Gran Reserve: Super-treasured, with many barrels, updated, long storage time and good quality, it will be available at the next level. Many wineries have this kind of wine.
4. Reservation de familia: family collection level, which basically means that it is the best wine in a winery, and may also represent special products in a similar way, such as Alfa in montes, Clos Apar Tower in M.Casa Lapostolle, and Cavallo Locke in Valdivieso.
5. Advanced: the ultimate limited edition, better than the family collection, but the quantity is limited. If there are no grapes that meet the standard, the winery will not brew the super grade. The second difference between Reserva De Familia and Premium is that wine is stored in oak barrels for different time. Usually, the storage time of high-quality wines in French new oak barrels is more than 65,438+08 months, such as the high-quality Shiraz of Lalai Jania.
However, for Chilean wines, wines from different wineries but at the same level cannot be directly compared, depending on the quality requirements of different wineries. [5]
Edit Chilean wine producing areas in this section. There are four areas and 14 legal production areas (Olkin area). Chile's legal producing area system DO (Olkin area) was established in 1994. This law defines the main wine producing areas, sub-producing areas and regions [6]. 2065438+September 2002, the law added three new names of wine producing areas, which were called supplementary slander of quality.
I. Coquimbo region
1, Elki Valley (also known as Elki Valley)
Subregion: Elki
Supplementary field: Andes [7]
There are plenty of muscat grapes here, which are traditionally used to make pisco distilled liquor in Chile. Besides Muscat grapes, there are about 448 hectares of vineyards, such as mana, Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon. The ratio of red to white is 90/ 10.
2. Limar Valley
Secondary producing area: Limar; ;
Supplementary areas: the coast (Costa), between the Andes and coastal mountains (Entre Cordillera), near the Andes [8].
Snow water from the Andes gathers here to form the Lima River, which also creates a lake called NORTE CHICO, 90% of which is red grapes. The planting area here is about 1679 hectares.
3. Joapa Valley
Secondary producing area: Qiao Apa; ;
Supplementary area: near the Andes [9]
The Chopa Valley is located in the narrowest part of Chile, where the Andes and coastal mountains meet. This narrow valley consists of two parts, Iliapel and Salamanca. Up to now, there are no wineries in the two places, but there are some vineyards in the foothills of rocks, and high-quality Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon wine grapes are planted in limited quantities, which are precious because of their high acidity and low PH value. [ 10]
Two. Aconcagua region
4. Aconcagua Valley
Secondary origin: Aconcagua; ;
Supplementary area: between Andes and coastal mountains [1 1]
This mountain in the valley near Argentina is also one of the highest mountains in Chile. 1870, red wine varieties were planted here. The red grapes here are dark in color and have excellent tannins. The planting area is about 1025 hectares, and the ratio of red to white is 87/ 13.
5. Casablanca Valley
Secondary origin: Casablanca; ;
Supplementary area: coastal area [12]
In recent years, this region has produced many excellent wines, and it is also the only region in Chile that grows more white grapes than red grapes. Most high-quality Chilean white wines come from this region, especially Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay. Very fresh lemon fragrance is their typical feature. This production area is located in the main port cities of Chile, Santiago and Valparaiso. There are about 3693 hectares of vineyards, and the ratio of red to white is 32/68.
6. San Antonio Valley
Secondary origin: San Antonio; ; Including zone): Leda; ;
Supplementary area: coastal area [13]
This is a relatively small production area, close to the sea. * * * The vineyard is about 327 hectares [10], and the ratio of red to white is 40/60.
Three. Central valley area
7. Mabel Valley (also known as Mabel Valley)
Secondary producing area: Maipo; ;
Supplementary area: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [14]
This is the oldest grape growing area in Chile. This is a horizontal valley, extending from the Andes to the Pacific Ocean. This area is suitable for growing different varieties of grapes. Vineyards in the foothills of the Andes are the best producing areas of Cabernet Sauvignon in Chile. Grape planting area is about 10800 hectares [10], and the ratio of red to white is 84/ 16. Still expanding.
8. Chagabo Valley (also known as Cachabo Valley in Cachabherr Valley)
Secondary producing area: Labpell; Including the region: Cachapoal；;
Supplementary area: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [15]
The vineyards in this valley are one of the best grape growing areas in the Andes and have good conditions for growing red grape varieties. The Cabernet Sauvignon here can get round tannins and rich bouquet. The Carmenere wine there is commendable. * * * The vineyard is about 10889 hectares [10], and the ratio of red and white is 87/ 13.
9. Kongagua Valley (also known as Colchagua Valley)
Secondary origin: Rapel；; Including areas: Corchagua; ;
Supplementary areas: coastal areas, between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [16]
It is also a traditional and important wine producing area, suitable for planting different grape varieties. There are many famous wineries in the local area, most of which are not far from the town. Red grapes are the best, and the planting area here is about 23,368 hectares [10]. The ratio of red to white is 90/ 10.
10, coolidge Valley (Curico Valley is also called Curico Valley).
Secondary producing area: Curico; ; Including areas: Teno, Longtue; ;
Supplementary areas: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [4]
Curico is an important agricultural center in Chile. Vineyards are concentrated on the slopes of the central plains and coastal mountainous areas. The acidity of white grapes here is good, especially Sauvignon Blanc. A warm valley like London produces high quality Cabernet Sauvignon. Especially some old vineyards and some 80-year-old trees. The planting area is about 1909 1 hectare [10], and the ratio of red to white is 69/3 1.
1 1, Maule Valley (also known as Maule Valley)
Secondary producing area: Maole; ; Including areas: Claro, Longke Milla, Tutu;
Supplementary area: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [17]
This is Chile with the largest planting area. The eastern edge is the Andes. There are many kinds of good wines. In recent years, many high-quality wines have been brewed here, especially Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabbage. The ratio of red grapes to white grapes here is 83/ 17.
Four. Southern region
Itata Valley 12
Secondary producing area: Itata; ;
Supplementary areas: coastal areas, between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes [18]
This is a traditional wine producing area in Chile with a history of 400 years, and it can also produce high-quality wine here. The planting area is about 10807 hectares, and the ratio of red and white varieties is 46/54.
13, Biot-Biot Valley
Secondary producing area: bí o bí o;
Supplementary area: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes.
Biobio planted pulp of Pinot Noir, Riesling, Chardonnay and Qiong Yao. Mallecot Valley is also a part of Biobio Basin, which is basically similar to Biobio Valley, and produces excellent Chardonnay here.
14, Malekou Valley (also known as Maleko Valley in Mayakou Valley)
Secondary producing area: Mallecot; ;
Supplementary area: between the Andes and coastal mountains, near the Andes.
Mallecot is now the southernmost producing area in Chile, although some experimental vineyards have been extended to Osorno further south. Although the high precipitation and short growth period in this area are full of risks for other grape varieties, Chardonnay is particularly suitable for growth, and the experimental Pinot Noir planting is also full of hope. [ 10]
Chile's climate is very conducive to the photosynthesis of grapevines, and the low temperature at night gives the grapevines a full rest, which is also the most ideal condition for grape ripening. Good color, smell and taste. Chilean wine is dry in summer, so grapes seldom get sick. In addition, the natural environment is rarely invaded by grape viruses. Such a good planting environment is rare in the world.
north
Origin, the northernmost origin is Aconcagua. Go north from this area and enter the hottest area in Chile. The hot and dry environment is not conducive to the growth of grapes, so the distribution of wineries there is relatively rare.
middle
In the middle of this country, Panquehue has the largest number of wineries in China. No matter those unique red wines or internationally famous wines, they are often produced in this area.
The place near the coastline is called Casablanca, and the climate in this area tends to be cold, which is suitable for planting white grapes, so many high-quality Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc are produced here. In terms of brand, Errazuriz is located in Panquehue district, and their aged red wine products include a variety of grapes. Senna's top red wine under this brand enjoys a world-renowned cooperation with Mondavi Winery in California, USA. Vina Casablanca, a winery in Casablanca, used some local fruits to make Saint Isabel's estate famous. Its most successful red wine is really an exotic red wine with exotic fruits from Rapel and Maipo.
Wheat valley is the oldest wine-making area in Chile, and this area is also divided into several sub-regions. The red grapes there, especially Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Sauvignon, have a unique taste, and excellent works are produced from time to time every year. In terms of brand, Concha y Toro has many wine companies all over Chile. Among the many red wines produced under this brand, Almaviva, the top red wine produced in Maipo District, is the most famous. The success of this wine is actually attributed to the successful marriage with the French wine family Mutu-Rothschild. Other famous brands include Vina Porta, Santa Carolina and so on.
The southern part of Maipo is Repel District, which is divided into Cachapol and Korchagua respectively. The details of wine here are the most dramatic. At the same time, in Labpell Valley, there is an exquisite red wine with charming and peculiar aroma and soft taste. Further south is Maule district, and there are also some sub-districts, including the famous Curicó and Lonue districts. The nearby area is Barongo, which is famous for its black Pi Nuo and black Pi Nuo, and has a unique taste. In terms of brand, Casa Lapostolle comes from Rapel Valley, and its excellent wines include Merlot Merlot in Chile and Cuvée Alexandre sparkling wine. They also produce other kinds of red wine, but the best quality is the grape variety mentioned above. Maipo and Rapel have a long history and developed rapidly in the late 1980s. Its unique Carmel red wine produced in Labpell Valley has loyal consumers all over the world. At the same time, the Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Sauvignon of this winery have also been highly praised by many wine tasting magazines in Europe and America. Chimbarongo is a wine with high cost performance. Mont Gras (Rapel) and Montes(Curicó) are also brands with a high probability of appearing in China. Similarly, Valdivieso has a very special cuvée Caballo Loco in the cost-effective wine series in Lontue, which is worth a try.
south
Further south, the climate began to get wet and cold. Bio Bio has introduced and planted more Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, but it has not yet formed a well-known and technically excellent brand.