Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, made outstanding contributions to the collation of medical literature. Wang Shuhe, born in Mingxi and Gaoping, Shandong, was born in the late Han Dynasty and died in the early Jin Dynasty. He used to be a doctor. Wang Shuhe made a comprehensive summary of pulse science for the first time. His pulse classic *** 10 volume, 98 articles, about 65438+ 10,000 words. In this book, according to the pulse theory in Neijing, he further established the pulse diagnosis method of "taking only one inch" and summarized 24 kinds of pulse conditions, so that the pulse names and pulse conditions were unified and standardized.
Wang Shuhe's "pulse diagnosis" not only has a great influence on the diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine in China, but also plays an important role in world medicine.
Until 1 1 century, many medical schools in Europe still used Pulse Classic as a teaching material. Another great contribution of Wang Shuhe is the collation of Treatise on Febrile Diseases. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases was lost by soldiers soon after it came out. Wang Shuhe had the opportunity to read many medical books because of his doctor's advice, as well as his rich theoretical accomplishment and clinical experience, so he also made important contributions to sorting out the theory of typhoid miscellaneous diseases.
Huangfu Mi's "Jin Dynasty Acupuncture Classic" systematically summarizes the acupuncture treatment methods of three medical books, and is written according to his own clinical experience. Acupuncture and Moxibustion A Classic *** 12, 128 articles, with rich content, systematic narration and complete theory, is a classic work of acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine, which is often used as a teaching material in later generations.
China's alchemy is the pioneer of medicinal chemistry. Alchemy originated in the Warring States period, and was carried out by alchemists at that time in search of "elixir of life". During the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the rise and advocacy of Taoism, alchemy became popular.
The Book of Changes, written by Wei Boyang, a famous Taoist priest in the Eastern Han Dynasty, recorded a large number of alchemy methods and was the earliest alchemy work. Ge Hong, a famous Taoist priest in Jin Dynasty, is the most famous representative in the history of alchemy. His book Bao Puzi's Inner Chapter systematically describes the alchemy technology and some chemical reactions in the process of alchemy, and also records the physical and chemical properties of many alchemy raw materials, which is a very valuable work in the medical history of China. Although alchemy was shrouded in mystery from the beginning, a lot of primitive chemical knowledge was accumulated in the process of alchemy.
Notes on Materia Medica by Tao Hongjing, a famous Taoist priest in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, is the most important Chinese medicine work after Shennong Materia Medica. This book contains three volumes of 730 drugs, including 365 new drugs. Tao Hongjing classified drugs according to their natural properties, including jade, vegetation, insects and beasts, fruits and vegetables, and rice food, which had an important influence on the later classification of traditional Chinese medicine. Lei Gong's Bake Theory in the Southern Dynasties systematically discusses the theory and specific operation methods of the nature, taste, baking and decocting of drugs, which is the earliest extant monograph on baking of traditional Chinese medicine. Lei Gong became the originator of medicine in later generations.
Fang's Theory of Etiology Staging in Sui Dynasty is an important work on etiology and syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine. This book ***50 volumes, divided into 67 subjects, discusses 1739 diseases, which reflects the development level of medical theory and clinical medicine in China at that time and occupies an important position in the medical history of China.
The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of feudal society in China, and the social economy and culture reached a peak. During this period, medicine has also made great progress. In 624 AD, the Tang government established the "Ministry of Healing", which is a relatively complete medical education institution, and it is also relatively detailed in medical disciplines, which is also relatively early in the world medical history. New Materia Medica edited by Su Jing is the first pharmacopoeia published by the state in the world. This book is illustrated with pictures and texts, which has a great influence.
There were many famous doctors in the Tang Dynasty. Sun Simiao, for example, was a great physician, health care scientist and thinker in the Tang Dynasty. Born in the seventh year of the Western Wei Dynasty (54 1), he died in the first year of Tang Yongchun (682) at the age of 14 1 year. Because of my childhood illness, I decided to study medicine at the age of 18 and treat my neighbors at the age of 20. He has a profound study of classical medicine, attaches great importance to folk prescription, and devoted his life to medical clinical research. He is proficient in internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, facial features and acupuncture, and devoted his life to drug research. He once went to Emei Mountain, Zhong Nanshan, Xiajiangzhou, Taibai Mountain and other places to practice medicine, collect traditional Chinese medicine and conduct clinical trials. After Zhang Zhongjing, he is the first pioneer in China to comprehensively and systematically study Chinese medicine. His "Great Doctor Sincerity" and "Great Doctor Practice" strongly advocate doctors' professional ethics, which are the products of China's ancient spiritual civilization and the development of medical technology. Sun Simiao not only takes the lead in setting an example with medical ethics, but also has excellent medical skills. His Qian Jin Fang is a very valuable medical work.
During this period, all medical subjects made remarkable progress, and many famous doctors and influential works appeared. For example, the ghost legacy of surgical operation Liu, it is said that a man named Liu accidentally got a medical book left by the "yellow ghost father" in the suburb of Danyang in the Jin Dynasty. After finishing by Gong Qingxuan, it became the Ghost Legacy we see today, which is an earlier work of TCM surgery. In the field of traumatology, Lin Daoren's Secret Recipe of Treating Dipsacus in Traumatology is the earliest extant orthopedic work in China. In obstetrics and gynecology, Xiao Jingbao by Zanyin is the earliest extant work on obstetrics and gynecology. The Skull Classic also appeared in Sui and Tang Dynasties, which is the earliest extant pediatric book in China. From these "earliest" works mentioned above, we can clearly see the progress and development of medicine in this period.
With the unification of the country in the Tang Dynasty, the accumulation of drug knowledge was gradually enriched. In 657 A.D., Su Jing put forward the request to rebuild the Materia Medica, and the Tang government ordered Sun Chang Wuji and Li Ji to compile the Newly Revised Materia Medica, which fully reflected the development level of drugs at that time. It was issued by the government all over the country and was the earliest pharmacopoeia issued by the state. This book is voluminous and contains 844 kinds of drugs. The book also adds a drug map with a text description. This graphic comparison method initiated the world's pharmaceutical works, with brand-new features in form and content, which not only reflected the high achievements of pharmacy in the Tang Dynasty, but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of pharmacy in later generations.
In the Tang Dynasty, a relatively complete medical education system was formed from the central government to the local government. It also absorbed foreign students, greatly promoted the improvement of the overall level of medicine and laid the foundation for the development of school-based medical education in later generations. The medical education with the nature of school education in China began in the Jin Dynasty, and in the Liu and Song Dynasties, the nature of medical schools was more obvious than that in the Jin Dynasty. In fact, a medical school was established at the end of Wei dynasty, but its establishment, scale and system are not clear due to the lack of literature. After the reunification of the whole country in Sui Dynasty, on the basis of the previous generation, the Department of Taixue was established and perfected one after another. In fact, the Imperial Department of Medicine in the Tang Dynasty can be regarded as the Central Medical University. In addition, the Tang Dynasty paid more attention to local medical education, and its extensiveness and rigor were unique in China feudal society.