Jiangxi has an important position in the history of Taoism. In the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling achieved great success in monasticism in Longhu Mountain, and founded the Taoist orthodoxy school. Wanshou Palace in Nanchang Xishan and Chongzhen Palace in Zhangshu Pavilion in jujube hill are the cradles of Taoist Jing Ming School and Lingbao School respectively. Taoism? Thirty-six holes and seventy-two blessed places? Among them, Jiangxi has five caves, 12 blessed land, ranking second in the country. Taoism in history? Sanshan Fu You? There are two mountains in Jiangxi: Longhu Mountain and Ge jujube hill. ? Four altars? There are three great altars in Jiangxi: Zhengyi Altar in Longhu Mountain, Jingming Altar in Xishan Mountain and Lingbao Altar in Gezao Mountain. It can be said that Jiangxi has a profound Taoist origin and profound Taoist culture.
In the long river of China traditional culture, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are integrated and complement each other, forming an ethereal and rich picture of China traditional culture. Taoist culture has a long history, extensive and profound, and contains rich humanistic spirit. It had an important influence on Confucian culture and the thoughts of other pre-Qin philosophers. * * Together laid the foundation of China culture and became the source and one of the mainstream traditions of China culture and its philosophy. Today, it is of great significance for us to study these precious cultural heritages and absorb their essence for building a socialist core value system.
? Always with good people? Humanistic care? Tao? It is the core of Laozi's philosophy and the most basic concept of China's philosophy. Its main meaning is the mother of all things in the universe, that is, the source of all things in the universe, which is the driving force for the continuous development and prosperity of all things in the world. The birth of Laozi's theory marked a qualitative leap in China's understanding of the world at that time.
? Tao gives birth to everything? It is an important proposition of Laozi's philosophy, and the theory of universal life unity expressed in it contains rich humanistic feelings. Here, Lao Zi examines the natural ecology with the cosmological view that everything is interrelated, regards nature as an organic whole with isomorphism and mutual feeling, and emphasizes the harmonious relationship between heaven, earth and man, the unity of heaven and man, and the inseparable relationship between man and nature. Laozi emphasized that the endless and vigorous development of everything in the world, including people and human society, is a manifestation of Tao, and the essence of Tao's prolificacy is virtue. Zhuangzi said? Things can be born but invisible. Is this called virtue? . Is "Pipe" based on? Healthy? To explain? De? :? Morality, Taoism, and things can be born? . Lao Tzu thinks:? An animal born without it, without relying on it, grows without killing it, which is called Xuande. ? Isn't it natural for Tao to nurture everything without dominating it, and to possess everything without thinking high? Xuande? .
Humanistic care is the affirmation of human dignity and the living condition in line with human nature, and the pursuit of human liberation and freedom. ? Heaven has no relatives, often with good people? Taoism advocates a kind of love for everything, so that heaven, earth and people can maintain a peaceful state.
Today, we are in the era of science and technology, which has changed the way of life of human beings. However, the pursuit of life and happiness is still the ultimate goal of human activities. The humanistic spirit contained in Taoist culture is to explore the foundation of human existence and the meaning of life with an open mind and an introspective spirit, which can help people better understand and grasp their own destiny to some extent.
? Taoism is natural? Ecological wisdom? Taoism is natural? It is the core content of Taoist ecological morality. The ancient sages and sages deeply understand that human beings, as the sons of nature, must respect the laws of nature and do it? Humane? And then what? Heaven? Live in harmony. The ecological values in Taoist culture respect human nature and human subject value, advocate returning to simplicity and oppose alienation, thus helping people get rid of the bondage of secular education to human nature and restore the natural state of human nature and life.
When expounding the relationship between man and nature, Lao Tzu put forward? Big four? Idea: The road is big, the sky is big, the land is big, and the people are crowded. It indicates that while people know everything and explore the laws of nature, they also begin to explore themselves seriously. Laozi further proposed that people everywhere, the land follows the sky, the sky follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature. Here? Law? There are two meanings: one is to take the method, that is, to learn and imitate; The second is to be bound and controlled and submit to each other. Laozi revealed that the law of human understanding of things is from near to far, from shallow to deep, from the outside to the inside, and expounded the law of things at different levels and its compliance. ? Big four? The final return is natural and conforms to the natural trend of the avenue itself. Since the industrial revolution, the scientific and technological development of human society has not only created extremely rich material wealth, but also greatly expanded the illusion of human understanding of their own abilities. Man is the master of the earth? You can do whatever you want. As a result, a series of problems that endanger the survival and development of human beings follow one after another, wantonly destroying nature, encroaching on the living space of many creatures, and causing imbalance in the ecological environment. Modern science tells us that according to the theory of immortality of matter and conservation of energy, from a macro perspective, human beings themselves have no ability to destroy nature, but at best they are only destroying the natural elements of their own existence. Although human beings are the darling of nature, can they make use of science and technology? Infinite? Extend your own strength, but human beings can never change their natural attributes and can never be divorced from nature. In order to survive and develop, human beings must use and develop nature and form an eternal interaction and mutual assistance relationship with nature. If the fishing is exhausted because of greed and stupidity, which will affect the natural environment and ecological balance, the final result can only be that human beings have withdrawn from their original position in the biosphere.
In this sense, Taoism? Taoism is natural? A profound insight into the essence of the relationship between man and nature is the truth that spans time and space in human history.
Put forward by Taoism? Follow the trend? It fully expresses the spirit of respecting objective things, nature and laws contained in the thought of natural inaction of Taoist culture. What is admired here? Doing nothing? , refers to xenophobia? Personal ambition? 、? Addicted to privacy? what's up For what? Instead of passive inaction, it means taking advantage of the situation. In ancient times, there was a flood, and the gun was blocked and failed. By dredging, the famous river in Kyushu was opened and flooded into the sea, and the flood control was won.
Taoism pays attention to the change of things, emphasizing that it should change according to the situation and change with the times. Seasonal changes are natural products, and people can't change them, but should adapt to them. In spring, the yang rises, which is the season of growth, and people begin to plant; Autumn is the season when yin rises and crops bear fruit, so people engage in harvesting. Respecting and protecting nature is the real people-oriented concept. Otherwise, all achievements and wealth will be meaningless.
? If you cook it fresh? The concept of good governance
In the history of China, most rulers were? Huang Lao is used internally and Confucianism is used externally. ? Especially since the Han and Tang dynasties, although on the surface, Confucianism is highly respected, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty even? To oust a hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone? However, in order to manage the world or enter the prosperous times, we all rely on Taoist thought. Lao tze put it forward? Governing a big country if you cook a little fresh? The concept of. ? Fairy? It refers to small fish. Be careful when cooking, and don't stir at will, otherwise the fish will be scattered and can't be eaten. Applying this metaphor to the ruling practice means not tossing, disturbing or harming the people. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, in view of the great damage caused by years of war to the national economy and social productive forces, the rulers at that time followed the public opinion and adopted the policy of relaxing and relaxing, thus stabilizing the society and consolidating the political power. The rule of Wenjing? . Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, once taught the prince that boats are better than people and water is better than Li Shu. It can carry a boat or capsize it. You are the master, but you are not afraid. ? Is this awe of people's power for the future? Zhenguan rule? And then what? Kaiyuan Shi Sheng? Solid foundation.
? Good is like water, water is indisputable, and everything is good? . Lao Tzu praises water? Okay？ Virtue, advocate it? Do not dispute? Quality, praise it? Nothing? Field. From the perspective of governance, water is a metaphor for the ruling subject. Everything? And then what? Everyone is more dominant. Living in a good place, kind-hearted, kind-hearted, good at words, good at politics, good at doing things, and sometimes good? Metaphor is the ruling method. Profit? Metaphor is the purpose of governance. Do not dispute? Metaphor is the dominant thought. Nothing? Metaphor is the ruling goal, just a few lines, between the lines shows the general plan of governing the country and safeguarding the people, and embodies the humanistic feelings of generous love for the people. Water is impermanent, it is indisputable, it always puts itself very low. High above? Going? Who can't be divorced from the mass base, or they will be overthrown? Next? In the tide of history. I think,? With good human nature? It is the closest character to virtue. It treats all beings equally, loves all things impartially, moistens things silently, nurtures intangible things, gives benefits without reporting, and gives kindness without leaving a name. Lao tze's? Good governance? The ideological content is very rich. ? I am famous for my beautiful words and success. People call me nature. ? This is what I advocate? View of political achievements? . ? Your words? That is, less slogans, more practical work, less image projects and more good deeds for the benefit of the people. ? Where is the success? The government and the people are United, and it is logical and natural.
Governing by doing nothing advocated by Taoism has a strong historical pertinence. ? Governing by doing nothing? We don't advocate conservative status quo and inaction, but emphasize adapting to the times and respecting the people's innovative spirit, creating a good environment conducive to liberating productive forces and promoting economic development, and cultivating a rich foundation for enriching the people and strengthening the country.
? Do nothing and make no noise. Moral consciousness of
Morality is recognized as a good social behavior. Dante, an Italian poet, said: a person with incomplete knowledge can make up for it with morality, but it is difficult for a person with incomplete morality to make up for it with knowledge? . The Chinese nation has always advocated moral cultivation. Whether it is Confucianism represented by Confucius or Taoism represented by Laozi, noble morality is the highest realm.
Character is character, and it is an objective sign to measure a person's moral outlook. Lao Tzu respects? Good for Tao? . What is the ideological realm of the good doer? Doing nothing? . I used it? Five good? That is, good deeds, good words, good numbers and good endings to reveal what he thinks? Perfect? People. ? Good deeds? , that is? Zhixing? People have good ideas when they act, do it when they do it, and don't do it when they don't. ? Kind words? Is to speak just right. ? Good at numbers? People who think about problems are clear and open-minded, not confused by selfish desires, and can know what they are doing and exercise restraint. ? Good at closing? Talking about self-control and self-discipline ability; ? Good knot? This is about the ability to control things.
What is the road to self-cultivation for good people? Prudent and independent? . Lao Tzu used a whole chapter in Tao Te Ching to describe his heart for us? Good for Tao? Vivid image. In his works, he regards the road of life as crossing the river and wading into Sichuan in winter, being cautious, never losing his temper and moving step by step; Whether living in a busy street or at home alone, you should think twice before you act, don't be presumptuous, and always reflect. Prudent and independent? Work hard. Self-support with the Tao, share the dust with the light, do not take credit for pride, and do not hold a portal view; Be integrated with nature and society, be smart as a fool, be clear as a cloud, be active at the right time, make good use of every opportunity, and walk around without danger. This modesty and self-discipline is like a towering tree, which removes dead branches, sprouts new leaves and brings forth new ones, showing great vitality in historical time and space.
What is the basis of goodness? Honesty? . Lao Tzu pointed out? Can you believe it? ,? Husband's promise will lack trust? . The more promises and political orders, the lower the probability of fulfillment and implementation, and only one will be left behind in the end? Chicken feathers on the ground? The result of losing confidence in the people. Lao Tzu particularly emphasized,? Do you believe what you said is not beautiful? . Honesty is a relationship state, a value concept, a cultural mentality and a spiritual realm. Honesty is the foundation of the foundation and the cornerstone of the construction of moral system in modern society.
? God originates from Tao? The far-reaching influence of
Dragon and Tiger Mountain in Yingtan is the earliest place where an alchemist built a house in Zhang Daoling, Zhang Tianshi, and it is also one of the birthplaces of Taoist culture in China. Taoism, as a local religion in China, has had a far-reaching influence on many aspects of China culture since Zhang Daoling was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Jules, an old Xiangzi, annotated the Tao Te Ching from a religious perspective for the first time with Zhang Daoling as the original annotation, right? Tao? And I'm deified, don't you think? Tao? It is not only the highest category in philosophy, but also the origin of all things in the world, and it has the significance of apotheosis of personality: one form is qi, and the other is tai sui, which often governs Kunlun? . After Laozi was honored as a god by Zhang Daoling, Taoism had its own gods that could be compared with Confucius and Sakyamuni. Zhang Tianshi studies? God originates from Tao? The banner of Taoism, in recent 2000 years, although there have been various factions of Taoism, each with its own practice and magic power, right? Shen Dao? However, people's worship comes down in one continuous line from generation to generation.
Taoism has produced a large number of famous scholars in history. Historian Chen Yinque pointed out:? Although China Confucianists call it "observing things and knowing", what they value is only the relationship between people. Taoism studies the relationship between people and things. Therefore, the development of Chinese medicine is due to the contribution of Taoism. Among them, it is grotesque, but it can still pay attention to the relationship between people and things. Compared with Buddhism, it is a religion close to common sense and human feelings. ?
Taoism has become the spiritual habitat of many literati, which has activated the artistic imagination of countless literati and produced many famous literary works, such as Shen Fengbang, Search for Ji Shen, Peach Blossom Garden, Water Margin, etc., which have had a far-reaching impact on China's drama, music, calligraphy and painting, sculpture, stone carving and architecture. The poet Wang Bo said? Often learn the immortal classics, learn the Tao? ; Li Bai also wrote in the poem? Please fast for three thousand days and write scriptures? .
Taoist culture has made great contributions to medicine, science and technology. The gunpowder in the four great inventions was discovered by Taoist priests in the process of refining Dan medicine. Taoism and Taoist classics have preserved many ancient mathematical and physical achievements in different ways. Philosopher Feng Youlan commented: Taoism contains the scientific spirit of conquering nature. People who are interested in the history of Chinese science can find a lot of information from Taoist works. ?
The integration of Taoism and minority cultures has promoted the formation of a pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation. According to the records of Lianshan County during the Republic of China, among the 55 ethnic minorities at that time, about 20 ethnic groups, 1 10,000 people believed in Taoism. A large number of Buddhist documents of the Tang Dynasty have been unearthed in Turpan. Urgent as a law? Taoist terms. Taoism also had a great influence on Tuoba, Nuzhen and Mongolian aristocrats.
? Value people and your life? Longing for health
Put forward by Taoism? My life is in my life, not in the sky? Regard human life as a realistic existence and as a tangible, dynamic and sacred unity. Put forward by Taoism? Value people and your life? , founded and built a complete Taoist health system. Zhang Daoling advocates longevity, but the road to practice still follows the quiet and natural feelings of Taoism. Emphasize obedience, advocate self-discipline and advocate indifference to fame and fortune. Yes, in Tao Te Ching? Heavy root light root, quiet as a manic gentleman? Notes? Road overpasses should be self-respecting and static. ? Emphasize? Nature, Taoism and happiness are all quiet. Wise words, quiet and natural, can last for a long time. ? Those who survive, don't thank, don't hate, don't follow the crowd, really think and learn to be quiet. ? Then you can see all the signs calmly, and you will know from your heart and not want to be vulgar. Quiet is the most important thing, and the road is slightly happy. Always take quietness as the service, show up and down in the morning and evening, and the personal spirit is also developed. The teacher decides to be quiet in the morning and evening as the main point. Therefore, although he lost the world, he can be honest and self-defeating, and he will return to the Tao. People are not as good as morality. . With the widespread spread of Taoism, the Taoist way of health preservation has infiltrated into people's way of life imperceptibly. For thousands of years, countless Taoist priests have abandoned all secularities that do not conform to the purpose of monasticism, are self-sufficient, modest and self-sustaining, and are determined to pursue the spiritual realm that life is superior regardless of prosperity and adversity, which has become a unique landscape in China's traditional culture.