The rate is ten miles long. Ten pavilions and one township. There is a pavilion in the pavilion, which is responsible for public security guards, staying guests and managing civil affairs. Most of them are filled by people who have finished military service. -"Han Shu Guan Bai Gong Qing Table"
Shili is a unit of distance, that is to say, a pavilion is built five kilometers away from Fiona Fang. The director of the museum is responsible for public security and people's livelihood. Generally, veterans do this, which means a little demobilized cadres.
This area is roughly equivalent to an administrative village or neighborhood Committee today. In other words, Liu Bang's position is probably the level of a village head or director of a neighborhood committee. Because he is an supernumerary cadre, the director of the neighborhood Committee is not very similar, so he can only be the village head.
According to Records of the Historian, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu, was the official of Surabaya Pavilion in his prime. Liu bang drinks some wine, lingering in beauty, free and easy. At ordinary times, he is very familiar with the officials in the yamen, and even the local county magistrate treats him. He is a guest. Liu Bang was drinking at the county magistrate's house and was attracted by Lv Gong, the old Mount Tai, and married his wife Lv Zhi. Liu Bang is very popular in the local area, just like a big shot. So what is the job of the curator of Surabaya Pavilion?
Although Liu Bang's family was neither rich nor expensive when he was a child, there was a field at home and food and clothing was not a problem. He should be a small landlord family. Liu Bang's father was honored as "Liu Taigong" by the villagers, and the Liu family should have a certain position in the village. The petty officials in ancient times also demanded a good family. For example, Song Jiang, who acted as an escort, was born in a small landlord family. Therefore, Liu Bang can be the director of the pavilion, indicating that the Liu family also belongs to the upper class family in the village.
Liu bang was a ranger when he was young. A ranger, to put it mildly, is actually a street thug.
Liu Bang doesn't like working, so he can't work in the fields. Doing nothing all day, making friends with fair-weather friends and eating and drinking everywhere. Fan Kuai, who sells dog meat, is a friend of Liu Bang at the moment.
When Liu Bang's eldest brother Liu Bo was alive, Liu Bang often took his buddies to his house for dinner. Liu Bo died early in the first 202 years. Later Liu Bang was still me. He often leads a group of friends to eat and drink at his widowed sister-in-law's house, which makes his sister-in-law very unhappy. He deliberately wiped the bottom of the pot with a spoon and pretended that he had no food.
Liu bang felt embarrassed and unhappy when he learned about it. Later, after Liu Bang conquered the world, the second brother was made king, and the fourth brother was made king of Chu, but he did not give the eldest brother Liu Bo a pulse. Under the mediation of father Liu Taigong, Liu Bo's son Liu Xin was blocked.
But Liu Bang still bears a grudge against his eldest sister-in-law. When he named Liu Xin Hou, he did not forget to give her a hand, and named Liu Xin Tang Hou, which means scraping pot Hou.
Because of Liu's good family background, Liu Taigong has a certain position in the village. Later, Liu Bang, an idle man, had his luck changed and was recommended by the villagers as the curator of Surabaya Pavilion. This became a turning point in Liu Bang's fate.
So, what is the responsibility of the pavilion director, and what is it similar to in modern times?
During the Qin Dynasty, the feudal system was abolished and counties were established. The whole country is divided into 36 counties (later increased to more than 40 counties). There are counties below the county level, and townships, villages and pavilions below.
It is worth mentioning that it is still an administrative organization below the county level, among which Li is the most basic administrative organization, while Ting is only a public security organization.
In the Qin dynasty, pavilions were set up every ten miles, and ten pavilions were compiled into one township. There are about 250 people in a pavilion, which is equivalent to a medium-sized administrative village.
The pavilion was originally a military transportation organization, responsible for the reception and accommodation of traffic messengers and the delivery of official documents.
Later, the function of the pavilion gradually evolved, paying more attention to maintaining public order and catching thieves.
The station of the pavilion is called the pavilion department, with a pavilion director. There are two assistants under the pavilion, one is a thief and the other is the father of the pavilion. Among them, the thief's duty is to maintain public order, while the pavilion father is responsible for the daily chores in the pavilion. The duties of these two small officials are similar to those of modern field and back office.
Because the pavilion is a public security organ and has the nature of a military organization, the director of the pavilion is generally selected from retired soldiers, and can also be a qualified military official. Liu bang should be in line with the latter.
Judging from the duties of the pavilion director, the pavilion director is similar to the director of the modern police station, but the population under his jurisdiction is small.
However, the director of the modern police station is a serious civil servant. He is a cadre, which is different from Liu Bang's Surabaya Pavilion.
In ancient times, there were strict boundaries between officials. Officials are appointed by the imperial court and recorded in the personnel department of the imperial court.
But collectors are different. Although collectively referred to as officials, officials are actually supernumerary personnel hired by local governments to assist officials in completing a large number of specific affairs.
Although Liu Bang's position as Tingchang is commanding in the local area, it is an supernumerary without any rank.
Although Liu Bang was only a small official in the imperial court, he was generous, easy to make friends and liked to give alms. He is very popular!
After Liu Bang became the director of the pavilion, he soon got along well with his colleagues in the county government.
At that time, Xiao He was a chief of the county government, in charge of the prison, just in charge of Liu Bang's stall.
Xiao He's subordinate, Cao Can, is in charge of prison management and is Liu Bang's immediate superior.
Even Teng Gong Xia Houying, the founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty, was only the groom of the county government at that time.
However, whether Xiao He and Cao Can were bosses or Xia Houying was a groom, Liu Bang was generous to them, and they also * * * promoted Liu Bang as the leading brother.
Although the Tingchang of Surabaya is a small official, it is in this position that Liu Bang got to know Xiao He and others in the county government and accumulated strong contacts. It was under the strong joint efforts of this team that Liu Bang, who was not optimistic at first, finally defeated Xiang Yu and won the world.
Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, once worked as a pavilion director, so the question is, what kind of official is this pavilion director? In other words, what kind of position is this? What are the functional areas? Let's have a look.
Before studying Liu Bang's pavilion, let's take a look at such a great event in the archaeological history-the discovery of Qin Tomb in Sleeping Tiger Land. This event is earth-shattering in the archaeological history of China, not because of the special status of the tomb owner. In fact, the owner of the tomb is far less than other dignitaries, princes, grandchildren and relatives in the ancient tomb. The owner of the tomb is an ordinary official of the State of Qin. To be precise, he is the county magistrate.
Some people may be curious, what is the relationship between this county magistrate and Liu Bang's Tingchang, and why can this small county magistrate disturb the well-informed archaeological community? Don't worry, listen to me. Answer the second question first. A large number of bamboo slips from the end of the Warring States period to the Qin Shihuang period were unearthed in this small county magistrate's tomb. These bamboo slips are the famous sleeping tiger bamboo slips, also called Yunmeng bamboo slips. Their contents are mainly the legal system and administrative documents of Qin dynasty, which provide detailed information for the development history of politics, law, economy, culture, medical care and other aspects of Qin empire and have very important academic value.
If anyone still can't understand how awesome these bamboo slips are, I'll give you a small example. Maybe junior high school students all know the Guangwu Uprising, and Chen Sheng said that "the overdue law will be cut", but in the Qin Shihuang era, the overdue was clearly written on bamboo slips-three to five days overdue; Six to ten days, one shield; After ten days, you will get an armor. If you are three or five days late, you will be scolded; Six to ten days, one shield; For more than ten days, a penalty of one.
Therefore, archaeologists can find that if they are only late, according to the "insanity law" of the emperor's era in the early Qin Dynasty, the punishment is very light, that is, the level of being scolded. Writing such a discovery clearly and clearly like this naturally shocked the entire archaeological community.
Back to the first question, because Liu Bang was also a person from the end of the Warring States to the Qin Shihuang period, and he was also the director of the pavilion during the Qin Shihuang period, there is no reason not to abide by the rules of Yunmeng bamboo slips.
Liu Bang's old man, Mrs. Liu, is a wussy farmer, so Liu Bang is obviously not an aristocrat. His road to promotion is similar to that of the tomb owner in Sleeping Tiger Land. He should also be the lowest-level clerk, such as an official assistant and a township assistant, and then he can be promoted by his own performance. This is the normal state recorded on bamboo slips of sleeping tiger land at the grass-roots level in Qin Dynasty.
There is also a hierarchy of grass-roots units in Sleeping Tiger Bamboo Slips. The lowest belongs to officials and township assistants, similar to clerks and clerks in civil servants today. Miser, sheriff and warden are the second category, which undoubtedly belong to minor courses today; Pavilion length is the third and highest floor. Today, Liu Bang's pavilion director is the highest-ranking grass-roots department-level cadre in grass-roots organizations.
If Liu Bang starts from the official assistant, it will take at least ten years for Liu Bang to become a curator through "hard work" (seniority) according to the different rules of calculating credit performance in Qin bamboo slips. However, in the Qin Shihuang era when Liu Bang lived, the Qin law unearthed in Crouching Tiger Land also provided a special promotion skill-killing thieves can be counted as meritorious service according to the meritorious military service. As we all know, Liu Bang is the leader of a black and evil force in Pei County, and he often gathers hooligans.
As for what is a pavilion, it is a local administrative unit, similar to today's township. If you are interested in Liu Bang, you will find that after he became the director of the pavilion, there is often a bad habit of drinking without giving money in history books, and you will find that there will be many subordinates who kill dogs and sell shoes in the future. This is because most pavilions have cities, and Liu Bang, the director of pavilions, is responsible for managing the cities in addition to killing thieves. Therefore, people who sell dogs and shoes, such as Liu Bang and Fan Kuai, know each other, and it is easy to pull up one of them. Don't burn the iou and wait to ask Liu Bang, the director of the pavilion, for money?
As for Liu Bang, how many people should he manage? According to Qin bamboo slips, there are four clerks in a pavilion, one for pawn 12, one for kloc-0/and one for kloc-0/7. Yunmeng Qin bamboo slips still remember an official document when Xi was alive-a pavilion director reported that there were 30 thieves, but he dared not pursue them and asked for support, which also reflected from the side that the number of people in a pavilion should be close to 20. Generally speaking, Liu Bang, the curator of Qin Dynasty, is very much like a section chief of the police station today (but this product is more like the leader of evil forces at that time).
The director of Sishui Pavilion is equivalent to the director of the township police station, in charge of justice, public security and supervision of the people. Qin's political system is mentioned in the history textbooks of junior and senior high schools. In order to strengthen centralization, the feudal system was changed to the county system, and the central government directly appointed county orders, which was a great progress in the feudal social management system. At the same time, the county system that appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was reformed. There are 36 counties in the country, and the local official system is refined. Among them, the township is the local grass-roots administrative unit, and the pavilion belongs to the grass-roots public security organization, which is not in the official system sequence.
In the 26th year of Qin Shihuang (22 BC1year), the Prime Minister Wang Wan asked the vassal to be a vassal of Yan Qi Chu, which was approved by the ministers. Ting Wei and Li Si advocated abolishing the enfeoffment system and fully implementing the county system. This is also one of the reasons why Lisi is regarded as an eternal phase and the county system is used by later generations.
To put it simply, there are counties under the central government, counties or roads under the counties, and townships, villages and pavilions under the counties, similar to today's provinces, cities, counties and villages.
I don't need to elaborate on the first few items, but mainly talk about going to the countryside, going to the countryside and pavilions.
Villages and townships are administrative organizations, and kiosks are public security organizations. Township is the basic administrative unit, which is equivalent to today's township. There are three elders, a miser and a swimmer. Three elders are in charge of education, misers are in charge of litigation and taxation, and vagrants are in charge of public security.
Below the township, it is the most basic administrative unit in the true sense, similar to the current village. Or Li Dian was located in Li, later known as "Hao Shuai" as the power minister. Don't treat the village head as an improper cadre. Li Zheng's function is basically the same as that of the township government, so is the task of organizing production.
Besides, it's the pavilion. In the village, the management authority is different, and it belongs to a specialized institution that manages public security and prohibits thieves. The pavilion has a pavilion. Qin stipulated that the two pavilions were ten miles apart, and each pavilion had its own pavilion. Pavilions and pavilions are all over urban and rural areas.
At this point, the positions and tasks of Xiang, Li and Ting are very clear. Xiang is equivalent to today's villages, Li is equivalent to today's villages, and Ting is equivalent to the township police station.
No wonder Liu Bang is so busy at the grass-roots level that black and white are not a problem. As the leader of the township police station, no skill is sure to stop hooligans.
As we all know, Liu Bang was also a civil servant in his early years, and once served as the curator of Surabaya Pavilion. So how big is this director in modern times?
In the history of China, the founding monarch came from noble families such as Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty and Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, as well as poor families such as Emperor Liu Bang and Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty. However, Liu Bang is better than Zhu Yuanzhang. Before competing for the Central Plains and unifying the world, Liu Bang was the director of Surabaya Pavilion in Pei County of Qin Dynasty, and he was a serious civil servant. Before the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang begged for a meal and worked as a monk. From the origin, the gap between Zhu Yuanzhang and Liu Bang is still quite large.
However, although Liu Bang was born as an ancient civil servant, he was a director of the pavilion and belonged to the lowest-ranking official. His fellow countryman friend Xiao He (one of the post-three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty) worked in Peixian yamen, and his rank was even higher than that of Liu Bang.
Pavilion length was originally a sentry box set up by some countries near other countries during the Warring States Period for monitoring and defense, and each pavilion was set with a pavilion length. In the Qin Dynasty, the pavilion system spread all over the villages and towns, with one pavilion every ten miles and one pavilion long. As explained in Hanshu, there are pavilions in ten miles, which are in charge of public security guards, guests staying and civil affairs management, and most of them are filled by people who have finished military service. In addition, rural pavilions are no different from cities. Pavilions located in cities and city gates have the same responsibilities and grades as rural pavilions. In the official system of Qin and Han Dynasties, pavilions were the lowest officials.
Tingchang is a coolie. Before Juyi, Liu Bang came to Lishan with a group of servants from surabaya county. Before he was halfway there, the escorted servants had escaped more than half, and Liu Bang guessed that he had almost escaped when he reached Mount Li. When he arrived at Mangdang Mountain, Liu Bang stopped to drink to relieve boredom. By the way, he released all the remaining disciples and told them to run as far as they could, and he himself had to run. A dozen brave people thanked him for his kindness and loyalty and stayed with him. A white snake blocked the road. Liu Bang was drunk and drew his sword to cut the white snake in half. The people behind him heard an old woman crying, saying that the child was killed by Chi Di's son, and the woman's words went up in smoke. Liu bang was awake and afraid, and he won the world's heart. This is the story of the famous "Emperor Gaozu's white snake uprising" in history.
As the director of our police station, his work is almost as good as today. Basically, people's livelihood needs to be taken care of. However, in the Qin and Han dynasties, the director was really responsible for many things. As a young director like Liu Bang, he has to travel thousands of miles to Mount Li to escort him and be a coolie. This is really the hardest work, earning the least salary, and being most angry in front of the smallest official.
Tingchang was the lowest-ranking official in Qin and Han Dynasties. Zhuge Liang once said: Emperor Gaozu got up and grew up, and eventually there was a world; What is the shame of weaving and selling seats? The general meaning is: Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang got up, grew up, and finally won the world. Master (referring to Liu Bei) makes up seats and sells them. What's the shame? It can be seen that a small official like Tingchang was completely unworthy in the Qin Dynasty, and the Tingchang system was gradually abolished after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
(Liu Bang stills)
Fortunately, Liu Bang succeeded. Although he was 54 years old when he succeeded, he was not afraid of being late for a good meal, and the prosperity at night was better than that of a teenager.
The question is, as a small official in the Qin Dynasty, what kind of official was Liu Bang?
To tell the truth, Liu Bangting's official position size, although Liu Bang always calls friends, drinks a lot of wine together and blows Daniel, is a careless style, but he is a cadre and eats official food.
What do you mean by that? Tingchang's position is one level lower than that of township head and two levels lower than that of county head. There is a pavilion ten miles away. Its main duties are: safety work, inquiries from foreign tourists and handling civil disputes. From the functional point of view, the position of Tingchang is equivalent to the director of today's police station.
However, in ancient times, most grass-roots officials were versatile, so the director of the pavilion was not the director of the police station today, but the village head or the director of the production brigade in the past. To put it bluntly, it is the most grass-roots managers who are ready to do farm work.
Judging from ancient history, only Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang were the first emperors of the unified dynasty from the bottom people.
Zhu Yuanzhang, to say the least, was a monk, wanted to eat a meal, joined the Red Scarf Army, took refuge in Guo Zixing, became Guo Zixing's son-in-law, and finally went far.
But Liu Bang has no such backer. How did he succeed?
How far is it from Tingchang to Emperor? Liu bang has only been in the army for seven years.
It seems that Liu Bang has always been the best among his partners. When he was the director of the pavilion, he was followed by a group of little brothers, riding behind horses and riding horses. Fan Kuai, Xia Houying, Zhou Bo and others just followed Liu Bang, while Xiao He and Cao Can were middle-level officials in the county and former leaders of Liu Bang. How did these people lower themselves to follow Liu Bang?
Xiao He and Cao Can saw that the overall situation of Qin was unstable and lacked the courage to lead the people's uprising. Seeing that Liu Bang had a team of several hundred people in Mangdang Mountain, he joined Liu Bang's team. Perhaps, once Liu Bang was only a junior official, and Liu Bang, as a hundred big brothers, was already a rebellious hero. In addition, Liu Bang's aura brought his own attractive attributes, so Xiao He and Cao Can followed.
As for Sean, he was also attracted by Liu Bang's personality and chose cooperation. And Han Xin and others, thanks to Xiao He's strong recommendation, were able to feel at home here.
In a word, Liu Bang can use people who are better than himself and dare to give trust and return, so he finally succeeded.
In fact, entrepreneurs in today's society can also learn from Liu Bang's employment strategy. For those who have the ability, we should dare to give money and trust, so that we can do great things.
Of course, after Liu Bang became emperor, he still killed some important people who fought the world together. These people are kings with different surnames, and some of them take the initiative to rebel, such as Zang No, such as Ying Bu, such as Chen Yi and Lu Wan. Some people hesitate to rebel, such as Peng Yue and Han Xin.
Didn't Liu Canbang kill these different kings? Maybe not, because there are sites and soldiers, there is the possibility of rebellion at any time, that is, "people are innocent, carrying a bag, but guilty." Liu bang can still contain a thing or two here. Once Liu Bang is gone, the dynasty may immediately change its surname.
In a word, Liu Bang, a small pavilion director at the village head level, can become a great emperor by relying on the atmosphere, trust and dare to raise. It is absolutely a miracle that a cloth coat has achieved such great things. Behind the miracle, there are four big characters: knowing people and being good at their duties.
Compared with Wang Ba-style princes such as Xiang Yu at the end of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang's spirit of rogue nature is not enough in many cases.
However, although Liu Bangyi did not have strong military ability or superior strategy, he struggled with many men with special talents by virtue of his unique means of controlling people.
Finally, with the help of these minions, they defeated the world governors one by one, and finally established the second unified dynasty in China history after the Qin Dynasty.
In terms of war, Liu Bang's men have more Han Xin, in terms of strategy, Liu Bang's men have Sean, and in terms of logistics planning, Liu Bang's men have Xiao He, which is very powerful.
In addition to the assistance of these three people, Liu Bang has many other powerful minions. It is precisely because Liu Bang knows how to allocate the work of these people reasonably and how to tap and use their abilities reasonably that he achieved the final success.
Liu bang's work is equivalent to the current village head and the captain of the village public security brigade. Before Liu Bang succeeded, his life was ordinary.
Liu Bangyuan was a Chu man in the Warring States Period. Although it is absurd to say that Liu Bang was about the same age as Qin Shihuang, when Qin Shihuang had unified the world, Liu Bang was just a punk.
After the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries, Liu Bang became the curator of the Qin Dynasty by virtue of his excellent local popularity and face in all aspects, thus starting the first step of life power.
And if you want to say that Liu Bang was appointed as the director of the pavilion at that time, it is equivalent to the current official position. I think it's similar to today's village head and village police chief.
First of all, we should understand the concept of pavilion length in Qin Dynasty. In the Qin Dynasty, ten miles was the pavilion. Without knowing the facts, many people think that a pavilion in Qin dynasty is calculated by distance, but in fact this statement is wrong.
At that time, Li didn't mean Li, but actually meant establishing population.
Because the curator at that time was also responsible for catching thieves and escorting laborers to work in other places, Liu Bang was the local village head and also served as the local police chief.
Liu bang beheaded the white snake with acting skills. Later, Liu Bang was able to break away from the status of curator, transform into a vassal and become the ultimate emperor. Everything actually stems from his hard work in escorting.
Because many people fled in the process of escorting hard labor, Liu Bang simply let everyone go as soon as he knew that he would be severely punished.
Moreover, some of the people he released at that time later became his cadres, which was the capital of his initial conquest of the country.
When Liu Bang chose the uprising, he also chose the same routine as Chen Sheng and Guangwu.
He didn't know whether he was peeing or doing something, and then he accidentally saw a little white snake approaching, so he waved his sword from the heart and killed the insignificant little white snake on the ground.
After killing the little white snake, he picked up the little white snake in his hands and announced his achievements everywhere.
It is with such a superstitious story and his own personal control means that he finally grew up in a long and tortuous development, and finally defeated the most powerful overlord in Chu and won the biggest peach in troubled times.
Therefore, I think Liu Bang's original pavilion length should be equivalent to that of the village head now, and his work at that time was not limited to the work of the village head. At that time, his work scope also included expanding the responsibilities of the current village security brigade captain. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the plot of Zhuge Liang's war of words against Confucianism must be impressive. Lu Ji got up and asked, Cao Cao is still a descendant of Cao Can, the prime minister, although he is a descendant of Wang Jing of Zhongshan, but he can't take the exam. We know that Liu Bei is a man who weaves mats and sells shoes. How can he compare with Cao Cao?
Zhuge Liang said that since Cao Cao was the prime minister of Cao Xiangguo, he should be the minister of the Han Dynasty from generation to generation, and what Cao Cao did to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was not like a courtier. He was a traitor of the Han Dynasty and a thief of the Cao family. And Liu Bei is the Han Emperor who checked the genealogy on the spot. He himself said, Liu Huangshu, how can it be difficult to test?
Zhuge Liang went on to say that Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, was just a pavilion leader at first, and then the world belonged to him. What is there to despise about Liu Bei's selling shoes on mats? Lu Ji, what you said is a child's opinion, which is not enough to discuss with Gao Shi. Lu Ji was speechless and unable to refute.
It can be seen that the position of Tingchang at that time was not very high, and it was similar to that of Liu Bei, who weaved seats and sold shoes. What kind of official is Tingchang, what is he responsible for, and how old can he be now?
As we know, the Qin dynasty implemented the county system, from top to bottom, followed by county, county and township. It is recorded in Hanshu Guanbai Gongqing Table that there are ten miles and one pavilion, ten pavilions and one township. How long was a mile in ancient times? It is recorded in Biography of Gu Liang, the Qin Dynasty, and Shuowen Jiezi that 300 steps are a mile.
How long is that step? It is recorded in Hanshu Shihuozhi that one step is six feet. How long is that foot? Shang Yang's measuring ruler unearthed now, as well as Wang Mang's copper ruler and Liu Xiu's copper ruler in the Eastern Han Dynasty, one foot is equal to 0.23 1 meter. That is to say, one mile is equal to 300 steps, 18000 feet, 4 15.8 meters.
And Shili is 4 158 meters, which means Shili in Qin Dynasty is about 4.2 kilometers. It can be seen that the place under the jurisdiction of the pavilion is not large, and this one was set up in the countryside. According to "Continued Han Guan Bai", there are twenty-four streets in Luoyang, each with a pavilion and twelve gates, each with a pavilion and a pavilion.
What does the curator care about? Mainly responsible for public security, passengers coming and going. It is precisely because he served as the director of the pavilion that Liu Bang knows the sufferings of the people very well. So when he became emperor, many things he did were beneficial to the people, and he was more kind and loving to the people. As for the length of this pavilion, it should be between the village and the township.
Liu Bang's parents are recorded in Historical Records and Hanshu. Peifeng is in Zhongyang, which means Fengxiang in Pei County. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, the world was divided into thirty-six counties. Surabaya was a county at that time, and Pei County belonged to a county within the jurisdiction of Surabaya.
Liu bang works as a curator in Surabaya, so what official does the curator belong to? In fact, "official" and "official" are completely different. An official refers to an official recognized by the state and formally appointed by the court. The official position was the county magistrate and county magistrate he hired, and Liu Bang was a petty official at that time.
Surabaya is a river. There were several pavilions along the river in ancient times, which were mainly used for military defense. "Ten miles and one pavilion, the pavilion is long; Ten pavilions and one township, three old people in the township, rank, husband and wanderer. " "Han Shu Xu" records: "The pavilion has a pavilion to ban thieves" and "the pavilion director seeks to catch thieves and looks to the captain". So the director of the pavilion is the captain of the team to maintain public order.
There are only two people in the pavilion. One is called "Pavilion Father", who is responsible for handling trivial matters within the jurisdiction, and the other is called "Begging Thieves", who is mainly responsible for catching criminals. In this way, a three-person booth is equivalent to a public security booth. As a junior civil servant in his early years, Liu Bang was in such an awkward position.