I. Fill in the blanks (0.5 point per blank)
1. In the bacterial contamination of food, Pseudomonas is common in (), eggs in (), canned food in () and dairy products in ().
2. There are three forms of calcium in plasma and body fluids: (), () and ().
3. Soluble vitamins include (), (), () and ().
4. The common methods of removing yellow koji toxin from rice in China are () and ().
5. The dietary categories of inpatients are (), () and ().
6, dietary fiber can be divided into () and ()
7, according to the legal effect of GMP is divided into ().
Second, judge right or wrong.
1. Carbohydrates mainly come from plant foods, such as sweet potatoes, vegetables and fruits. ( )
2. The international unit of energy is Joule (J), 1 kcal =4. 184 kJ. ( )
3. 1g protein provides 4 kcal energy, lg carbohydrate provides 4 kcal energy and lg fat provides 7 kcal energy. ( )
4. Insoluble fibers include cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. ( )
5. Severe lack of vitamin B 1 will lead to beriberi and affect nerve or heart function. ( )
6. The proportion of dietary fat in the elderly is S: M: P = 1.5: 1. ()
7. Selenium has a protective effect on the heart, and deficiency can lead to Keshan disease. ( )
8. Every athlete's daily "five-in-one" diet includes: 500g of grain, 500g of vegetables, 500g of fruit, 500g of milk and 50g of bean products. ( )
9. Teenagers should strictly limit their energy intake and get suitable activities to lose weight. ( )
10, diabetes and obesity patients can lose weight without eating carbohydrates. ( )
1 1, physical activity is physical exercise. ( )
12, pregnant women's blood circulation system changes, psychological and physiological anemia can occur. ( )
13, the lower the blood sugar control of diabetic patients, the better. ( )
14, the more expensive the food, the better the quality and the more nutritious it is. Imported food is more nutritious than domestic food. ( )
15. The unclean food that easily causes food poisoning by Bacillus cereus is leftovers. ( )
16. The most commonly used index to evaluate obesity is triceps skinfold thickness. ( )
17, Chinese medicine theory holds that human physiology changes with the four seasons, namely spring, long summer, long summer, autumn harvest and winter storage. ( )
18. According to the theory of Yin-Yang, Five Elements and Zangxiang, the corresponding relationship between five zang-organs and five colors is: liver green, heart red, spleen yellow, lung white and kidney black. ( )
19, Qi deficiency is the syndrome of visceral dysfunction. Mostly caused by long-term illness, physical weakness, overwork, old age and infirmity. ( )
20. Body fluid is the general term for abnormal body fluids. Has the functions of nourishing viscera, lubricating joints and nourishing skin. ( )
Third, multiple choice questions
1, and the percentage of carbohydrate in total energy is ()
a、 12- 14% B、25-30% C、55-65% D、30-50%
2. The percentage of special dynamic effect of mixed food in basal metabolism is ()
a、4-5% B、5-6% C、 10% D、30%
3, an adult male, height 175cm, weight 70kg, its body mass index is ().
a、 19.8 B、22.9 C、23.6 D、24.7
4. The element used to determine the content of protein in food is ().
A, carbon b, hydrogen c, nitrogen d, oxygen
5, the basic unit of protein is ().
A, fatty acid b, amino acid c, peptide d, glucuronic acid
6. According to the classification of carbon chain length, medium-chain fatty acids refer to carbon ()
a、2-6 B、3-7 C、6-9 D、8- 12
7, high quality protein mainly comes from ().
A, cereal B, meat, eggs and milk C, vegetables D and fruits
8. Which of the following foods is the source of calcium ()
A, Chinese cabbage B, cereal C, milk D, fruit
9, vitamins have a variety of naming methods, the following two naming methods are inconsistent ()
A, vitamin A- retinol B, vitamin E- tocopherol
Vitamin b 1- biotin d, vitamin D- ascorbic acid
10, the slowest emptying of nutrients from the stomach is ()
A, carbohydrate b, protein c, mixture of carbohydrate and protein d, fat.
1 1. Drinking milk often causes gastrointestinal discomfort, flatulence, spasm, diarrhea and other adverse reactions. The main reason is ()
A, lack of amylase or decreased activity B, lack of lactase or decreased activity
C, maltase deficiency or decreased activity D, chymosin deficiency or decreased activity
12, what food should adolescent girls often eat to increase iodine intake ()
A, milk b, lean meat c, seafood d, vegetables
13, the most positive factor to promote the development of children and adolescents is ()
A, heredity B, nutrition and physical exercise C, life system D, disease
14, about athletes' diet, which of the following is wrong ()
A, provide enough energy in the diet B, the diet should contain all kinds of nutrients needed by athletes.
C, the supply of diet should be high energy and large capacity D, and the diet should be easy to digest and absorb.
15, fetal neural tube malformation, which nutrient deficiency is related to ()
A, iron b, calcium c, folic acid d, vitamin e.
16, diabetes treatment, we must strictly control energy, treatment diet is a weighing diet, which of the following foods can not be weighed ()
A, cereal b, vegetable c, water d and vegetable oil
17, the food is going to be cooked now. If left for too long, it will produce harmful substances ().
A, protein decomposition b, acidity increase c, nitrite increase d, moisture increase.
18, which of the following is not the content of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents ()
First, the food is mainly all kinds of cereals. B, food intake and physical activity should be balanced, and a proper weight should be maintained.
C, eat less salt, D, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
19, which of the following nutrients is micronutrient ()
A, protein b, carbohydrate c, fat d and vitamin a.
20, about the content of calcium in breast milk, which statement is wrong ()
A, the calcium in breast milk is easy to absorb. B, the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is appropriate. C, the calcium content in breast milk is higher than that in milk.
D, maternal dietary calcium intake has little effect on the calcium content in milk.
2 1, when should the baby start adding iron-rich foods ()
A, 2 to 4 weeks b, 3 to 4 months c, 4 to 6 months d, 6 to 8 months.
22, about the energy required for the growth of infants and young children, which of the following statements is not a reference ()?
A, the energy consumption of growth is unique to babies; B, in direct proportion to the growth rate.
C, the energy required for growth accounts for 60% of the total energy. D, insufficient energy supply will lead to growth retardation.
23, protein's role in athletes which is wrong ()?
A, accelerate fatigue recovery B, enhance muscle strength C, promote hemoglobin synthesis D, the main source of energy
24, early after hepatobiliary surgery, usually can choose what kind of diet ().
A, cold liquid diet B, semi-liquid diet C, low-fat liquid diet D, thick liquid diet
25, easy to cause needle acid salt poisoning is ()
A, canned drinks B, home medicine spraying vegetables C, eating crude cottonseed oil D, pickles
26. The most toxic part containing tetrodotoxin is ().
A, liver b, kidney c, ovary d, skin
27, iodine mainly exists in ()
A, red blood cells B, muscle tissue C, bones, teeth D, thyroid gland
28, the lack of nicotinic acid can lead to ()
A, night blindness B, goiter C, boils D, scurvy
29, tyrosine in the body can be transformed from what kind of essential amino acids ()
Tryptophan b, methionine c, phenylpropionic acid d, methionine
30, which of the following minerals is a trace element ()
A, sodium b, calcium c, iron d and sulfur.
3 1, acute nephritis diet treatment, which of the following foods can't be selected ()?
A, flour b, bacon c, cabbage d, apple
32, the main difference between food and medicine is ()
A, different structure B, different properties C, different functions D, different sources
33. The vitamin that can be partially synthesized in intestinal bacteria is ().
A, vitamin A B, vitamin D C, vitamin E D, vitamin K.
34, taking a large dose of vitamin C may lead to ()
A, decreased body resistance B, increased fat absorption C, diarrhea D, scurvy
35, the purpose of the dietary survey is ()
A, know whether there is malnutrition b, know the dietary level and nutrient intake.
C, understand the growth and development of the body D, understand the nutritional status of the body.
36. When rice and soybean are mixed, which two amino acids play a complementary role ()
A, leucine and lysine b, lysine and tryptophan c, methionine and lysine d, lysine and phenylalanine
37, food has five flavors, which of the following is not the content of the five flavors ()
A, acid b, spicy c, astringent d, sweet
38. Clinically, palpitation, dizziness, insomnia, dreaminess, forgetfulness, pale or sallow complexion, pale lips and tongue, and thready pulse are common.
A, heart qi deficiency b, heart yang deficiency c, heart blood deficiency d, heart yin deficiency.
39, body fluid syndrome differentiation does not include ()
A, symptoms of body fluid deficiency B, spleen disease C, water stop disease D, phlegm.
40, linoleic acid is ()
A, 18c2 dilute acid b, 22c4 dilute acid c, 24c6 dilute acid d, 18c4 dilute acid
4 1, Qianjinfang is a masterpiece of ancient Chinese dietotherapy.
First, the Southern Dynasties? B, Tang Fei fried? C, Ming against thorium closed? D, clear the name? ?
42, Chinese medicine food compatibility including ()
A, phase must match B, viscera should be supplemented C, taboo theory of "hair" D, homology theory of medicine and food.
43. Mucin secreted by mucous membrane belongs to what kind of compound protein ()?
A, nucleoprotein B, glycoprotein C, phosphoprotein D, pigment protein
44. Which amino acid can indirectly synthesize the important neurotransmitter acetylcholine acetate ()?
A, phenylpropionic acid b, thiamine c, glycyl acid d, glutamic acid.
45, a gram of salt (sodium chloride) contains ()
a、0.3gNa、 17gCl B、0.5gNa、0.5gCl C、0.6gNa、0.4gCl D、0.4gNa、0.6gCl
46.B 1 is also called ().
A. Anti-scurvy factor B, anti-infertility factor C, anti-neuron factor D and anti-dermatosis factor
47, the cause of B6 anemia is ()
A, macrocytosis B, polycythemia C, hemolytic erythrocytosis D, pernicious anemia
48, VitB2 most afraid of is ()
A, light b, heat c, acid d, none of the above.
49. Fokker acid can participate in the transfer of a single carbon molecule, and its activity type is ().
A, folic acid b, folic acid c, folic acid d, folic acid.
50. What coenzyme is B2 (riboflavin)? Answer: ()
Pyridoxaldehyde 5- phosphate
Fourth, multiple choice questions
1, which of the following aspects does the human body's energy consumption include ()
A, basal metabolism B, exchange with the outside world C, special dynamic function of food
D, children and growth and development E, sports activities
2. The influencing factors of basal metabolism include ()
A, gender b, age c, body type
D, stress state e, endocrine
3. The following are essential amino acids for human body ()
A, leucine b, methionine c, glutamic acid
Lysine, glycine
4, protein's physiological functions include ()
A. Forming and repairing human tissues B. Providing energy
C, constitute hormones and enzymes
D, maintain the acid-base balance in the body e, and form antibodies.
5, which of the following substances contain carbohydrates ()
A, white sugar b, glycolipid
C, albumin d, DNA E, RNA
6, the following are essential fatty acids ()
Oleic acid b, linoleic acid c, arachidonic acid
D, linolenic acid e, oxalic acid
7, which of the following food obese patients can often eat ()
A, mushroom b, cashew nut c, kelp
D. buckwheat and celery
8, the following is double sugar is ()
Glucose b, sucrose c, fructose
D, lactose e, maltose
9, which of the following circumstances the human body is in a negative nitrogen balance ()
A, long-term fever B, disease recovery
C, old age D, hunger E, children
10, the physiological functions of dietary fiber include ()
First, reduce plasma cholesterol
B, increase the amount of feces
C, weight control and weight loss
D, slow down the absorption of glucose and reduce postprandial blood sugar.
E, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis
1 1, the following are fat-soluble vitamins ()
Vitamin a, vitamin b, vitamin c, vitamin d
Vitamin d, vitamin e, vitamin k
12, vitamin a deficiency will appear which of the following symptoms ()
A, dry eye B, angular stomatitis C, rough skin D, night blindness
13, riboflavin deficiency will appear which of the following symptoms is ()
A, fatigue B, angular stomatitis
C, glossitis D, dermatitis E, scrotal dermatitis
14, diseases and symptoms caused by calcium deficiency include ()
A, rickets B, osteoporosis C, muscle spasm
D, stunted growth E, nervous and grumpy
15, which of the following foods is a good source of iron ()
A, animal blood B, liver
C, lean meat d, egg yolk e, sesame sauce
16, the clinical manifestations of zinc deficiency include ()
A, partial eclipse, pica B, short stature, emaciation C, diarrhea
D, sexual dysfunction e, dry skin, inflammation, wounds are not easy to heal.
17, the physiological characteristics of the elderly include ()
A, basal metabolism decreased B, body fat increased, bone mineral density decreased.
C, digestive dysfunction D, the lens of the eye loses elasticity and is prone to cataracts.
18 The advantage of breastfeeding is ()
First, rich in nutrition
B, easy to digest and absorb
C, not easy to pollute
D, contains a variety of immune factors
E, the buffer solution is large in volume and has little neutralization effect on gastric acid.
19, the impact of malnutrition during pregnancy on the fetus is ()
Low birth weight
Premature or small for gestational age infants
C, brain development is impaired
D, perinatal neonatal mortality increased.
E, congenital malformation
20. The dietary factor related to obesity is ().
A, eating too fast B, eating too slowly C, high calorie, high fat, low fiber diet
D, overeating at dinner e, high fat and high carbohydrate.
2 1, food pollution can be divided into () according to the nature of pollutants.
A, biological pollution B, chemical pollution
C, radioactive pollution D, sundry pollution
E, parasite pollution
22, the onset of food poisoning is characterized by ()
First, patients eat the same food at the same time. B, the incubation period is short and the situation is urgent.
C, there is no infectivity between people, and all patients have similar clinical symptoms.
E, there is infection between each other
23, food containing more monounsaturated fatty acids is ()
A, lard b, tea oil
C, coconut oil d, olive oil e, safflower oil
24, diagnosis of nutritional deficiency, with the naked eye to observe the patient's main part is ()
A, hair b, lips and tongue
C, eyes d, ears e, skin
25, protein what are the hazards of excessive intake ().
A, increase the burden of liver and kidney B, dehydration, decalcification C, urinary calculi
D, arteriosclerosis e, gout
26, school-age children's dietary guidelines include ()
Ensure a good breakfast.
B, develop good eating habits that are not picky eaters and partial eclipse.
C, drink milk every day
D, eat less snacks and drink light drinks.
E, pay attention to outdoor activities
27, Aspergillus flavus in which of the following foods are most likely to produce toxins ()?
A, rice b, flour
C, corn d, bread e, peanuts
28, children, teenagers don't eat breakfast hazards are ()
First, affect growth and development
B, affect academic performance and learning ability
C, lose weight
D, may lead to obesity.
E, can induce gastritis and gallstones.
29, which of the following factors will reduce the raw sugar index of food ()?
Increase amylose
B, converting glucose into fructose
C, increasing the colloid content
D, squeezing out the water in the food, drying in the sun and puffing.
E, large particles
30. The following are alkaline foods ()
A, cereal b, vegetables c, meat
Fruit e milk
3 1 What are the complications of diabetes ()
A, heart disease B, stroke
C, retinopathy D, nephropathy
32, the causes of the tumor include ()
A, genetic factors B, physical factors
C, chemical factor D, virus E, diet
33, what is the cancer prevention factors ()
Vitamin a, vitamin b, phytochemicals
C, low-fat diet D, overeating E, selenium
34, the content of traditional Chinese medicine nutrition includes ()
A, food support B, dietotherapy C, food festival
D, food taboos e, health care
35, Chinese medicine says "healthy diet, harmony between man and nature", the phenological characteristics of the four seasons is ().
A, spring temperature b, hot summer c, dry autumn
D, common cold E, long summer and humidity
36, the four gas of food, also known as the four properties, refers to ()
A, temperature b, cold c, hot d, flat e, cold.
37, a healthy lifestyle includes ()
A, get enough sleep B, eat breakfast every day, don't eat snacks.
Maintain normal rest weight.
D, regular exercise E, moderate drinking, no smoking.
38, diabetes treatment including which of the following measures ()
A, diet adjustment B, insulin C injection, proper exercise
D, related education E, self-monitoring blood sugar and urine sugar
39, qi food has ()
A, japonica rice b, soybean c, beef
D, eggs e, potatoes
40, blood food has ()
A, jujube B, liver
C, lean meat d, longan e, fungus
4 1, nourishing yin food is ()
A, black-bone chicken b, duck c, pork
D, turtle e, tremella fuciformis
42. Yang food is ()
A, mutton b, dog meat c, shrimp
D, leek e, sword bean
43, Chinese medicine diet should avoid theory including ()
A, the theory of "homology of food and medicine" B, the theory of four qi in diet
C, the five flavors of diet D, the balanced diet theory of diet
44, blood deficiency constitution should eat ()
A, high-speed rail b, high protein
C, high vitamin d, spicy food.
45, Yang deficiency constitution diet ()
A, dried ginger b, duck c, wax gourd d, ginseng
46, the basic content of professional ethics is ()
A, love the post B, dedication
C, money is paramount, D, harming others and benefiting themselves.
47, lung deficiency constitution should eat ()
A, lily b, astragalus
C, pig lung d, pomegranate
48, food pollution can cause what harm ()
A, acute poisoning B, teratogenesis
C, mutagenic D, carcinogenic E, endocrine disorders
49, methanol poisoning can cause any damage ()
A, central nervous system damage B, eye damage C, metabolic acidosis
D, respiratory system damage E, nausea, vomiting and other digestive symptoms.
50, the characteristics of food poisoning include ()
A, the poisoned person ate the same food in a similar time. It is not contagious.
C. Acute onset D. The clinical manifestations of all poisoned patients are basically similar E. The incubation period is short.
5 1, the physiological functions of minerals include ()
A. maintaining acid-base balance B. forming auxiliary groups of enzymes
C, regulating the permeability of cell membrane
D. provide energy e and participate in the activation of enzymes.
52, related to megaloblastic anemia is ()
A, nicotinic acid b, folic acid c, vitamin C.
Vitamin B 12 E, iron
53, bad eating habits related to oropharyngeal cancer are ().
A, eat dried bacon and hard cakes
B, eat cold drinks C, eat more fruits
D, long-term drinking e, like to eat hot food
54, acute hepatitis diet nutrition therapy is the purpose of ()
First, reduce the burden of liver metabolism
B, promoting hepatocyte regeneration
C, antiviral drugs damage to the liver
D, promote the recovery of liver function
E, protect the liver
55, food nutritional value evaluation mainly includes what aspects ()
I. Types of nutrients
B, the content of nutrients
C, reasonable cooking food
D, digestibility of nutrients
E, the utilization rate of nutrients
56, people are hungry for a long time, energy metabolism appears negative balance, after a certain period of time will appear ().
A, basal metabolism is reduced
B, children's growth and development stagnation
C, adult emaciation, decreased ability to work.
D, increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
E, energy metabolism reaches a new low-level balance.
57, the following trace elements, with potential toxicity, but at low doses may have the necessary functions of the human body is ().
A, manganese b, fluorine c, arsenic d, nickel e and lead.
58, dark adaptation time is extended because of ()
A, eye disease B, hypoglycemia
C, lack of sleep
D, too much vitamin a.
Vitamin a deficiency
59. The latest dietary reference intake (DRIs) published by China Nutrition Society includes ().
I. Average demand (ear)
B. recommended dietary allowance (RDA)
C. recommended intake (RNI)
D, appropriate intake (AI)
E. Tolerable love intake (UL)
60, rice elutriation process, the degree of nutrient loss depends on ()
First, the number of elutriations
B, elutriation water quantity
C, water temperature
D, soaking time
E, scrubbing degree