Health guide:
1. Reasonable diet and aftercare: human lipids include fat and lipids. Hyperlipidemia is closely related to diet. The accumulation of human fat and the source of some lipids mainly come from diet. Only a part of lipids are synthesized in the body, which is called endogenous lipids. Diet control is very important for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia. Diet advocates light and basic vegetarianism. However, it is not advisable to be a vegetarian for a long time, otherwise the diet composition will be imperfect, which will lead to an increase in endogenous cholesterol. Diets high in fat and cholesterol, such as animal brain marrow, egg yolk, chicken liver and butter, should be restricted. Fat intake is limited to 30 ~ 50 grams per day. Sugar foods should also be restricted, and sweets and snacks should not be eaten. Eat more vegetables and fruits. A low-salt diet should be adopted, and soybean oil, peanut oil, vegetable oil and sesame oil should be used as edible oils. Hunger is moderate, and the amount of food eaten per meal is less than half an hour before the next meal. Hunger therapy is not suitable. Excessive hunger will accelerate the decomposition of body fat and increase blood fatty acids.
2. Absolutely quit smoking and avoid alcohol: Nicotine in cigarettes can make peripheral blood vessels contract and myocardial stress increase, raise blood pressure and cause angina pectoris. Improper drinking will make the heart function decline, which is harmful to gastrointestinal tract, liver, nervous system and endocrine system. You should definitely give up smoking and avoid drinking.
3. Advocate moderate tea drinking: Catecholic acid contained in tea can enhance the flexibility, elasticity and permeability of blood vessels and prevent arteriosclerosis. Theophylline and caffeine in tea can invigorate the spirit, promote blood circulation, reduce fatigue and have diuretic effect. Moderate drinking tea can eliminate greasy diet and lose weight. But drinking too much strong tea will stimulate the heart and make the heart beat faster, which is harmful to the body.
4. Proper exercise to lose weight: Controlling obesity is one of the important measures to prevent hyperlipidemia. Besides diet control, we advocate insisting on physical exercise, such as jogging, Wuqinxi, Tai Ji Chuan, table tennis and disco dancing for the elderly. I usually take part in manual labor. We should control weight gain.
(1) slimming tea: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. 30g, hawthorn 15g, cassia seed 15g, winter melon peel 20g, oolong tea 3g. First, four kinds of medicines, how to use Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Stir-frying, removing residue, and brewing oolong tea with its soup, daily 1 dose. Continuous drinking for two months is a course of treatment, and generally taking 3 ~ 5 courses of treatment. This prescription has the functions of reducing blood fat, promoting blood circulation, lowering blood pressure and diuresis.
(2) cassia seed seaweed soup: 20g cassia seed and 30g kelp. Decoct with water to remove residues, and take kelp decoction 1 time every day, with January as a course of treatment, and generally take 1 ~ 3 courses of treatment. This prescription has the effect of lowering blood fat and blood pressure, and is suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease or obesity.
(3) Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Tablets: 5 tablets each time, 3 times a day for 2-4 months. The main mechanism of the drug's lipid-lowering effect is to nourish liver and kidney and regulate the balance of yin and yang in human body. Related experimental studies show that Polygonum multiflorum contains rhein, which can promote intestinal movement, prevent or reduce intestinal absorption of lipids, and thus reduce blood lipids.
Here is a brief introduction to the diet treatment of different types of hyperlipidemia:
(1) For patients with hypercholesterolemia and normal triglyceride content, the focus of diet therapy is to limit food cholesterol, and the total daily intake is less than 200mg. Patients should avoid or eat less foods with high cholesterol, such as brain, spinal cord, viscera, egg yolk (each egg yolk contains 250 ~ 300mg of cholesterol), shellfish (such as mussels and snails) and mollusks (such as squid, cuttlefish and fish eggs). On the other hand, patients should take in nutrients with low cholesterol, such as lean pork, beef, duck, chicken, fish and milk. The cholesterol content of these foods is not high, for example, each bottle of milk only contains 30mg, and other foods only contain about 100mg of cholesterol. Don't avoid eating too much. Secondly, it is necessary to limit animal fat and appropriately increase vegetable oil. The calculation shows that it is ideal for each patient to eat 500~750g vegetable oil (soybean oil, corn oil, vegetable oil, etc.) if animal oil is not used for cooking. ) every month. Although vegetable oil is good, it should not be eaten more, otherwise it will also bring bad effects. Third, eat more fruits and vegetables and increase fiber intake. Fourth, eat more cholesterol-lowering foods, such as soybeans and their products, onions, garlic, cauliflower (grass head), mushrooms, fungus and so on. Some of these foods also have anticoagulant effect, which is also good for preventing thrombosis and coronary heart disease.
(2) Hypertriglyceridemia For patients with only elevated blood triglyceride content and normal cholesterol content, the key points of diet treatment are different from the above. The key is to limit food intake and lose weight, so that the weight can reach and be maintained within the standard range. The standard weight can be calculated by the following formula:
Male: Height (cm)-105 (kg)
Female: Height (cm)-107.5 (kg)
The second is to limit sweets. These patients are particularly sensitive to sugar, and eating sugar will make their triglyceride content higher. Therefore, white sugar, brown sugar, fruit candy, honey and sugary foods and medicines should be eaten as little as possible or not. Third, prohibition of alcohol, alcohol can increase the triglyceride content of such patients. Fourth, protein, especially soybean protein, should be appropriately increased. Fifth, properly limit cholesterol, below 300mg per day, allowing patients to eat 3 eggs per week, and other foods containing cholesterol can also be eaten properly, as long as the total intake is not higher than the above limit. Sixth, properly limit fat, especially animal fat.
(3) The content of blood cholesterol and triglyceride in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia is increased, and the focus of diet therapy is to combine the above two types. That is, properly limit cholesterol and animal fat, control food intake to lose weight, avoid eating sweets, abstain from alcohol, appropriately increase vegetable oil, beans and their products, and eat more vegetables, fruits and some foods with lipid-lowering effect.
What common foods have lipid-lowering effects?
Hyperlipidemia is very dangerous, which can easily lead to atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and so on. Therefore, in addition to lipid-lowering drugs, family diet can not be ignored. Here are some foods that can reduce blood fat.
(1) Bean products include soybean milk, tofu and bean sprouts. Modern nutrition research has proved that bean products are not only nutritious, but also have the function of reducing blood fat. If you consume 30 ~ 50g soy protein every day, you can significantly reduce the serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, without affecting the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The researchers pointed out that the lipid-lowering effect of soybean is obviously related to the original blood lipid level. The higher the original blood lipid, the more significant the lipid-lowering effect of soybean.
(2) Garlic has the functions of relaxing blood vessels, resolving excessive platelet aggregation, preventing cholesterol biosynthesis and antioxidation. It has been reported that taking garlic powder or garlic essence every day and sticking to garlic can reduce blood pressure by 65,438+00% and serum total cholesterol by 8% ~ 65,438+00% after 4 ~ 5 weeks. If everyone eats a garlic every day, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases can be prevented.
(3) Onion can promote thrombolysis, reduce blood lipid, dilate coronary artery and increase peripheral blood flow. Foreign scholars believe that eating more onions in middle-aged and elderly people can prevent the occurrence and development of hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis and coronary heart disease.
(4) Studies on Auricularia auricula in recent years have confirmed that Auricularia auricula has the effects of anti-platelet aggregation, reducing blood lipid and preventing cholesterol deposition. At the same time, it was also found that auricularia auricula had anti-lipid peroxidation effect. Lipid peroxidation is closely related to aging, so the elderly often eat auricularia auricula, which can prevent hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease and prolong life.
(5) Kelp has the functions of softening and resolving hard mass, diuresis and lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipid and promoting the rehabilitation of patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Regular consumption is beneficial to prevent hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis.
(6) Hawthorn contains a lot of vitamin C and trace elements, and has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, promoting digestion, invigorating stomach, lowering blood pressure and lipid, and dilating coronary vessels. Reasonable dietary habits and dietary structure of hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10: 19 [keywords] Health News: The reasonable dietary habits and dietary structure of hyperlipidemia should be: ① keep the balanced distribution of calories, avoid excessive hunger, avoid overeating or cramming, and change the habit of having a hearty dinner and eating midnight snacks before going to bed. (2) The staple food should be mainly cereals, including flour and rice and coarse grains. Corn, oats, oats and other ingredients can be properly added to coarse grains to keep the carbohydrate heat supply accounting for more than 55% of the total heat. ③ Increase the utilization rate of protein by increasing beans. Calculated by dried bean curd, the average daily intake should be above 30g, or 45g of dried bean curd or 75- 150 of tofu. ④ In the structure of animal food, increase animal food with low fatty acid and high protein, such as fish, poultry and lean meat, and subtract terrestrial animal fat, so that the intake of animal protein accounts for 20% of the total daily protein intake, and the daily total fat supply does not exceed 30% of the total calories. ⑤ Edible oil should be mainly vegetable oil, and the daily consumption per person is 25-30g. ⑥ ③ Reduce saturated fatty acids and increase unsaturated fatty acids (such as margarine instead of butter and skim milk instead of whole milk), so that the heat supply of saturated fatty acids does not exceed 10% of total calories, and monounsaturated fatty acids account for 7- 10% of total calories. ⑦ Increase the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. The recommended ratio of western diets is 0.5-0.7, while the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in traditional diets in China is generally above 1 because of its low fat content. 8 The cholesterol content in the diet should not exceed 300mg/day. Pet-name ruby ensure that each person daily intake of fresh fruits and vegetables more than 400g, and pay attention to increase the proportion of dark or green vegetables. Attending to reduce the intake of refined rice, flour, candy and sweet cakes to prevent excessive calorie intake. (1 1) Dietary ingredients should contain enough vitamins, minerals, plant fibers and trace elements, but the intake of salt should be reduced appropriately. (12) Drink less, and it is better not to drink. (13) Drink less sugary drinks and drink more tea. Coffee can stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and increase appetite, but it is not suitable for excessive drinking. Health Network Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Special Station (00024000X06. ) Dietotherapy Standards and Objectives for Hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10: 19 [Keywords] Hyperlipidemia Dietotherapy Health Network News: To treat hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) is the main goal of cholesterol-lowering treatment. According to the different levels of serum LDL-c, the criteria and goals of choosing diet therapy are different, which are divided into the following three categories: ① For those without coronary heart disease or other atherosclerosis, the goal of reducing serum LDL-c is < 4.1mmol/L; ② In patients without coronary heart disease and with two or more other risk factors of coronary heart disease, the reduction target of LDL-c is less than 3.4 mmol/L; ③ In patients with coronary heart disease, the goal of lowering LDL-c is < 2.6 mmol/L ... Health Network Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Special Station (00024000X06. ) Food Cooking Methods for Patients with Hyperlipidemia July 3, 2003 10: 18 [Keywords] Hyperlipidemia Diet Health News: There are many ways to make food. According to the requirement that patients with hyperlipidemia need a low-fat and low-calorie diet, here are some cooking methods suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia: (1) stew: wash and cut the food into pieces, then put it in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, add seasoning, boil it on high fire, skim off the floating foam, and stew it with slow fire until it is cooked. Its food is characterized by soft texture and unique flavor. (2) Simmer: refers to the cooking method of heating food with slow fire or waste heat for a long time. There are two specific operation methods: one is to put food into a container, add seasoning and appropriate amount of water, and then simmer until soft and rotten; The other is the traditional method, which wraps the food tightly with vegetable leaves and lotus leaves. , topical cream, and then put it into the ashes, simmer with the afterheat of the autumn fire. Its food is crispy and delicious. (3) steaming: steaming with steam at high temperature. The specific operation is: mix food with seasoning and put it in water to cook. Steamed with rice flour is called noodle steaming, and wrapped with lotus leaves or vegetable leaves is called noodle steaming. There are also small feeding steamers that steam food directly into containers. You can add water or soup to your food, or steam it without water or soup. The characteristics of steamed food are also original, and it is the most widely used method in diet health cooking. (4) Cooking: Cooking is also one of the most commonly used cooking methods. Add water to the food, first cook it with strong fire, and then cook it with slow fire. Generally, it is suitable for making small and easy-to-cook food, and the cooking time is shorter than that of stewing. Its food is characterized by fresh taste, and the cross ingredients of food are well dissolved in soup. (5) Boiling: On the basis of boiling, further simmer with low fire until the juice is thick and rotten, which is longer than stewing. It is more suitable for foods with heavy gums. Its food is characterized by thick, rotten and changeable juice, which is suitable for the old and the weak. (6) Cold salad: it is a cooking method that is raw or close to raw food. Generally, the food is cleaned, chopped, scalded with boiling water, and then mixed with seasoning. This processing method is generally suitable for vegetable food, which can better maintain the nutritional components and effective components of food. Its characteristics are tender and crisp, fragrant and delicious. Cooking methods that are not suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia are: stewing, frying, frying and burning.