The incidence of bone spur is related to common susceptible factors such as genetic factors, obesity, old age, sex hormone level, excessive exercise, smoking, etc., as well as mechanical factors such as trauma, joint deformity and long-term chronic injury. At present, the pathogenesis of this disease is not very clear, which is mostly related to the imbalance of cartilage matrix metabolism, the loss of cushioning effect caused by subchondral bone plate injury and focal inflammation in joints. Pain is the main symptom of bone spur. With the development of the disease, morning stiffness, sticky feeling, joint contracture and muscle contracture gradually appear. The main signs are joint swelling, joint snapping and limited joint activity. Bone spurs easily involve interphalangeal joints, knee joints, hip joints, cervical vertebrae and thoracic vertebrae, and can also be seen in acromioclavicular joints, temporomandibular joints and elbow joints.
According to the symptoms and imaging manifestations, the diagnosis of spur is not difficult, and it needs to be differentiated from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, pseudogout, hip tuberculosis, aseptic necrosis of femoral head and other diseases in clinic. The purpose of treatment is to relieve symptoms, improve joint function and reduce disability. Patients should be instructed to take non-drug treatment and drug treatment according to different situations. Non-drug therapy includes self-regulation, medical exercise, weight loss, physical therapy, acupuncture and so on. And drug treatment is mainly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-rheumatic drugs, hormones and so on. And those with severe dysfunction can be treated by surgery. Most patients with bone spurs have a good prognosis, and a few patients have left joint deformity and dysfunction.