Research Institute: Neurological Research Center.

Good at treatment: rehabilitation after spinal cord injury, treatment and rehabilitation of cerebrovascular diseases, diagnosis and treatment of difficult diseases in neurology.

Address: No.45 Changchun Street, Xuanwu District, Beijing.

Transportation: Bus No.6, 50, 53, 6 1, 122, 72 1.

Suggest going to xuanwu hospital for treatment.

Principles of diet therapy for cerebral thrombosis

(1) Limit fat intake. It is necessary to reduce total fat, increase polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduce animal fat in daily diet, so that the P/S ratio can reach above 1.8, so as to reduce the synthesis of endogenous cholesterol in liver. When cooking, use vegetable oil, such as soybean oil, peanut oil and corn oil, instead of animal oil. The dosage is 25 grams per person per day, preferably within 750 grams per month. To limit the cholesterol in food, everyone should be within 300 mg per day, that is, you can eat 3 egg yolks per week.

(2) control the total heat. If the total fat intake is controlled in the diet, the blood lipid will drop, and the weight of obese or overweight patients will also drop. It is best to achieve or maintain an ideal weight, which is beneficial to the physiological functions of all internal organs.

(3) Increase protein appropriately. As the amount of fat in the diet decreases, it is necessary to appropriately increase the protein. Can be provided by lean meat and skinless poultry, and fish can be used more, especially marine fish. Eating a certain amount of bean products every day, such as tofu and dried beans, is beneficial to lowering blood cholesterol and blood viscosity.

(4) Limit the intake of refined sugar and sugary sweets, including snacks, sweets and drinks. With the development of beverage industry, there are more and more sugary drinks. After drinking sugary drinks locally, the sugar in the body will be converted into fat and accumulated in the body, which will still increase the weight, blood sugar, blood lipid and blood viscosity, which is extremely unfavorable to the recovery of cerebral thrombosis, so we should also control the application of drinks. For example, patients with cerebral thrombosis suffer from diabetes, and when hypoglycemic drugs are used to produce hypoglycemia, they can drink drinks properly to prevent blood sugar from falling further. When the transient hypoglycemia is relieved, don't drink sweet drinks.

Now many manufacturers produce health drinks, among which low-sugar drinks are the main ones. Replacing sucrose with some sweeteners has been welcomed by people, meeting the requirements and tastes of people who like sweets. Common sweeteners include aspartame and stevioside. Its sweetness is dozens of times that of sucrose, its dosage is small, it does not produce heat, is non-toxic, is not absorbed by the body, and can be excreted from the kidney with urine. Many animal experiments have proved that aspartame is not carcinogenic. Can be put in solution and cake making.

(5) Some patients with cerebral thrombosis complicated with hypertension should have less salt. Take a low-salt diet, 3 grams of salt a day, add salt after cooking and mix well.

(6) Pay attention to cooking methods. If you add salt to the cooking, the cooked food is still very weak and unpalatable. In order to increase appetite, you can add some vinegar, tomato sauce and sesame sauce when cooking. Vinegar can not only flavor, but also accelerate the dissolution of fat and promote digestion and absorption. Sesame paste contains high calcium, which can be supplemented by regular consumption. Calcium ion can increase the density of vascular endothelium and prevent cerebral hemorrhage.

(7) Patients with cerebral thrombosis should always drink water, especially in the morning and evening. Drinking water in the morning can dilute the gastrointestinal tract. After water enters the blood, it is excreted in the form of sweat and urine with activities. The activity at night is small, and the biggest advantage of drinking water before going to bed is that it can dilute the blood and prevent thromboembolism.

Second, cerebral thrombosis food selection

(1) Foods containing dietary fiber and vitamin C, including coarse grains, vegetables and fruits, should be increased. Some foods, such as onions, garlic, mushrooms, fungus, kelp, hawthorn, laver, light tea, konjac and other foods, have lipid-lowering effects.

(2) Usually, you should eat light, soft food rich in dietary fiber, and use cooking methods such as steaming, boiling, stewing, boiling, frying, stir-frying and warm mixing, but you can't use frying, frying, frying and baking.

Family nursing care of patients with cerebral thrombosis

Patients with cerebral thrombosis are in stable condition and have improved to some extent after being hospitalized in the acute stage. Most patients should go home to continue treatment and rehabilitation training. At this point, nursing is very important. With proper care, the patient's condition can continue to improve and prolong his life. On the contrary, it will aggravate the condition, cause various complications, and sometimes even endanger the life of patients. Therefore, in order to make patients recover as soon as possible, attention should be paid to home care:

1 psychological nursing

Cerebrovascular diseases mostly occur in the elderly, who have poor ability to deal with life and sequelae, and are prone to impatience or lose confidence in treatment. Therefore, when caring for patients, relatives should be patient and meticulous, keep abreast of patients' psychological activities, do a good job in patients' ideological work, and enhance their confidence in overcoming diseases.

2 Pay attention to personal hygiene:

Wipe the body regularly, help the patient change clothes and pants, and dry the bedding. Maintain oral hygiene. When hemiplegic patients can't brush their teeth by themselves, they can scrub their mouths with sterilized gauze dipped in warm water, or wipe all parts of their mouths with cotton swabs and cotton balls dipped in warm salt water, every morning and evening 1 time.

3 pay attention to prevent bedsore:

Hemiplegic patients who stay in bed for a long time maintain a certain fixed posture or posture, and their blood circulation in the skin and soft tissues of the lower back and waist is blocked, which leads to malnutrition and poor resistance, resulting in local skin redness, ulceration, erosion and ulcer, forming bedsores. In severe cases, the ulcer will expand and deepen, and then the whole body will be infected, which can cause septicemia and endanger life. In order to prevent bedsores, we should pay attention to changing the posture of bed rest and turn over every 2-3 hours 1 time. Mattress should be kept flat, dry and clean, and cleaned in time after defecation to keep the skin dry and hygienic. If the local skin starts to turn red, you can wipe it with 50% alcohol and gently massage it in circles. You can also use moxa stick moxibustion locally to make the skin slightly warm. If bedsore has formed, it should be treated according to each stage of bedsore under the guidance of a doctor.

4 pay attention to prevent lung infection:

Hemiplegic bedridden patients have poor resistance and are prone to lung infection. Therefore, we should pay special attention to avoid catching a cold, otherwise sputum is not easy to cough up after upper respiratory tract infection, and it is easy to spread to lower respiratory tract and cause lung infection.

5 pay attention to the handling of defecation:

Some hemiplegic patients are incontinent. If it is not cleaned in time, it is easy to cause urinary system infection. Therefore, we must pay attention to changing the pad cloth frequently and keep it clean locally. If there is redness around the anus or the skin, it can be washed and dried with warm water and coated with zinc oxide paste to protect the skin. If you have constipation, you should relax your bowels in time, and you can use kaisailu or soapy water enema. Increasing the intake of cellulose in the diet can prevent dry stool to some extent. Chinese medicine senna leaves soaked in water instead of tea has a good laxative effect, so try it.

6 Pay attention to nutrition:

A considerable number of hemiplegic patients are malnourished or malnourished, because they can't take care of themselves and may have throughput obstacles. Therefore, special attention should be paid to strengthening nutrition in home care to ensure the supply of protein, vitamins, cellulose and electrolytes for patients. Patients with dysphagia who have not fully recovered can eat some soft solid food. If necessary, we should stick to feeding. If conditions permit, you can consult a dietitian to help determine the best way of nutrition supply, such as intravenous nutrition or oral nutrition, to ensure that patients get the nutrition they need during the rehabilitation period. You can't lie down or don't exercise all day, which will cause muscle atrophy and you can't stand up anymore. Pay attention to cleaning, otherwise it will cause hemorrhoids and ulcers. Also, pay attention to brain health care. It is recommended to eat bee milk every day, avoid spicy food and eat more vegetables, fruits and bean products. You can usually add some natural plants with health care functions to your diet, such as:

(1) Portulaca oleracea. One of them, omega-3 fatty acids, can inhibit the formation of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in vivo, increase the anti-inflammatory substance prostaglandin synthesized by vascular endothelial cells, reduce thromboxane A2, reduce blood flow viscosity, increase anticoagulation, and play a role in preventing thrombosis. In addition, there are calcium ions and potassium ions in purslane, which can directly act on the blood vessel wall after entering the blood stream, dilate the blood vessel wall, prevent the arterial wall from thickening, and effectively protect the blood vessel from damage.

(2) Garlic: There are many effective ingredients in garlic. It can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis, reduce blood lipid, prevent thrombosis and inhibit platelet hyperfunction. Because garlic has a great stimulating effect on gastric mucosa, it should be eaten regularly in a small amount.

(3) Onion: It has the functions of lowering blood fat, blood pressure, cholesterol and preventing thrombosis. It has certain preventive and therapeutic effects on hypertension, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and vascular embolism.

(4) Foods with lipid-lowering effects such as mung beans, hawthorn and mushrooms. Foods with antihypertensive effect, such as celery, eggplant, coriander, shepherd's purse (also known as ground vegetables, ground flowers, water spinach, grass cleaning, lettuce, etc. ), mussels (also known as watercress), kelp, peanuts, etc.

Adjust mood

Excessive excitement, nervousness and depression are often the mental factors of the disease. Therefore, we should pay attention to adjusting emotions, relaxing the ideological burden and emotions, and not making the Five Records too radical, too cultural and too unhealthy. Maintaining a good mood, balancing yin and yang, and making qi and blood smooth are one of the important measures to prevent this disease.

7. combine work and rest

Regular daily life, not acting rashly, that is, combining work and rest, not overworking, is an important factor to keep healthy. Moderate cultural and sports activities, practicing Qigong and playing Tai Ji Chuan can not only avoid obesity, but also maintain physical and mental health, which is very beneficial to prevent hypertension and arteriosclerosis.

8. Pay attention to the omen

Vertigo, numbness and weakness of one limb, strong tongue and bad language are considered as the three precursors of hypertension from time to time after middle age. Once you find a similar situation, you should see a doctor in time and do related tests such as hemorheology. If you highly suspect cerebral thrombosis, you should take aspirin and other drugs to prevent cerebral thrombosis. ,

9. Quit smoking and drinking