1.
Walking out of Xiamen is a group of poems written by Cao Cao, a writer at the end of Han Dynasty, using the old topic of Yuefu. It was written in the twelfth year of Jian 'an (207) when the author marched north to Wuhuan and won a great victory. This group of poems is divided into five chapters, starting with the overture Yan, and the text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, "Looking at the Sea", depicts the magnificent scene of the sea devouring the sun and the moon, and expresses the enterprising spirit of the poet who relies on heaven and cherishes the world.
The second chapter "Winter October" describes the scenery seen on the way back from conquering Wu Huan. The third chapter "Different Soil" describes the cold situation and folk customs north of the Yellow River in winter; The fourth chapter, "Although you live a long life", takes impassioned as the keynote to express the poet's vigorous and heroic feelings. The whole poem is broad in artistic conception and vigorous in momentum.
2. Creative background
This group of poems is regarded as the way back from the Northern Expedition in the 12th year of Jian 'an (2007). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, warlords fought for the Central Plains, and Wuhuan, who lived in western Liaoning, was powerful, attacking cities and plundering land in the south, which became a serious border problem in Hebei. In the tenth year of Jian 'an (205), Cao Cao destroyed Yuan Shao's ruling foundation in Hebei, and Yuan Shao vomited blood and died. His sons, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, fled to Wuhuan and colluded with Wuhuan nobles many times.
At that time, Cao Cao was in a disadvantageous position between the north and the south: Liu Biao and Liu Bei occupied Jingxiang in the south, and yuan brothers and Wuhuan in the north. In order to get rid of the passive situation, Cao Cao adopted the advice of Guo Jia, a counselor, and led his army northward in the summer of the twelfth year of Jian 'an, ending in May and July. In autumn, there was a flood, and the road by the sea was impassable. Later, he accepted Tian Chou's suggestion and changed his course flatly. After Xu Wushan, he went to the Cylon, pointing to Liucheng, and won the first world war. I returned to Li smoothly in September and passed through Jieshi and other places, borrowing the old title of Yuefu's "Out of Xiamen" and writing this group of poems.
appreciate
This poem begins with a sigh about the philosophy of life, followed by a strong and intense singing, and then returns to philosophical speculation: "The period of surplus and contraction is not limited to the sky; The blessing that nourishes grace can last forever. " Cao Cao's outlook on life is quite dialectical. First of all, he talks about respecting the laws of nature, and people always die. Then, in a limited life, people should give full play to their subjective initiative, make positive progress and make contributions.
Finally, people are not completely powerless in the face of natural laws. Although the length of a person's life cannot violate the objective laws, it is not completely given to God. If you take good care of your body and mind and make it healthy and happy, you can also live longer. Cao Cao's "happiness of keeping fit" doesn't mean sitting and resting.
It means that a person's mental state is the most important thing, and he should not be depressed because of old age, but be "full of courage"-never stop pursuing his own ideals and enterprising spirit, always remain optimistic, constantly strive for self-improvement and maintain ideological youth. Cao Cao revealed the significance of human mental factors to health through personal experience, which is also a wonderful health preserving theory in this respect.