Tao Xingzhi's educational activities were carried out in the social environment of national peril and national disaster at that time, so his educational practice was accompanied by democratic and patriotic activities. After he joined the Revolution of 1911, the September 18th Incident and the November 28th Incident in his early years, he took an active part in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, initiated the Shanghai Cultural Salvation Association and organized the National Disaster Education Society. He first noticed the problems of rural education, and successively founded Xiaozhuang School, Life Education Society, Shanhai Engineering Group, Yucai School and Social University. Mr. Tao has run many schools of various types in his life, trained a large number of useful talents for the society, and sent many revolutionary youths to Yan 'an and Dabie Mountain anti-Japanese base areas to participate in the revolution. Propagandize life education, advocate the integration of teaching and learning, and demand the combination of education and practice to serve the people. Put forward three propositions: "life is education", "society is school" and "teaching integration".
A famous motto
Self-vigilance
1. Doing is the beginning of knowing, and knowing is the achievement of doing. 2. Education is the foundation of the country. 3. Do a great event in life, do a great event. 4. Teach thousands of religions and seek truth; Learn from thousands of things and learn to be a real person. Instead of giving students some fragmentary knowledge like Tianjin ducks, it is better to give them some keys so that they can automatically develop the treasure house of culture and the treasure house of the universe. 6. Real education is a kind of heart-to-heart activity. Only from the heart can we touch the depths of the soul. 7. If farmers don't pay attention to teachers, farmers will go bankrupt; If the work is not heavy for the teacher, the work will be rough; If people don't pay attention to their teachers, the country will not be rich and strong; Without paying attention to teachers, the world can't be peaceful. 8. A sound personality must include: 1. Private morality is the foundation of the foundation, and public morality is the foundation of serving the society and the country; Second, the knowledge and skills necessary for life; Third, a strong and lively body; Fourth, the feeling and joy of beauty. 9. Working with hands and brain is the beginning of creative education; Both hands and brain are the purpose of creative education. 10, the main purpose of rural normal schools is to cultivate farmers' skills, scientific minds and teachers who transform social spirit. 1 1. Living rural education should teach people the benefits of life. He should turn barren hills into forests and wasteland into grains. He taught everyone to be self-reliant, independent and self-defensive. He wants to turn the countryside into a paradise in the west, and all the villagers will become happy living gods. 12, if you want to be self-reliant, you must have the courage to amplify the experimental spirit into new theories that have not yet been invented; I am not afraid of hard work, fatigue, obstacles and failure, and I am bent on discovering the mysterious new principles of education. 13. Teaching is one thing, not three. We should teach while doing, and go to school while doing. Without hard work, teaching will not become teaching, and learning will not become learning. 14, education and knowledge should be turned into air, which will pervade the universe, wash it away, and make all beings have breath. 15, break and make up. Wash it when it is dirty. Diligence is humility. Chaos is the reason. Pay the debt immediately. Disease is the cure. Change it after it. Good is happiness. Think about it when you do it. Tired is rest. Write back immediately. The account is recorded. 16, meaning first, benefit later; Give play to their advantages; Forgive its shortcomings.
Teach knowledge and educate people.
1. Teacher Wang should not specialize in teaching, his responsibility is to teach people to be human; A student should not specialize in reading; His duty is to learn the way of life. In the hands of teachers, the fate of teenagers is the fate of the nation and mankind. 3. Because morality is the foundation of being a man. Even if you have some knowledge and skills, it is useless if you are bad at all. The teacher's duty is to teach thousands of religions and to teach people to seek truth. A student's duty is to' learn from others and apply what he has learned'. 5. Wisdom, kindness and courage are important spiritual heritages of China. In the past, it was considered as the "goddess of the world", and today it is still an important symbol of personal perfect development. 6. 1% waste in education will cause serious losses to the country. 7. If life, work and study can be automated, the effect of education will get twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, we pay special attention to the cultivation of automatic power, so that it can pay attention to all life, work and study. Automation is conscious action, not spontaneous action. Conscious action needs proper cultivation to be realized.
A veritable teacher
1. Students should be eager to learn. Only a gentleman who never tires of learning can teach students who never tire of learning. 2. What students are required to do, teachers and staff do it themselves; What students are required to learn, teachers and staff are all learning by hand; Students are required to abide by the rules, and faculty members are required to abide by them in person.
teach students in accordance with their aptitude
1. Educating people is the same as planting trees. First of all, we should understand the characteristics of flowers and trees, and give fertilization, watering and training education according to different situations. This is called "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude". People, like trees, should strive to make them grow as tall as possible, instead of being forced to grow as tall. On the contrary, they should strive for equality on their footing and freedom at the forefront.
teaching method
1. Living talent education is not to instill knowledge, but to give students as many keys as we know to develop cultural treasures. 2. We want to live books, not dead books; Real books, not fake books; Books that need to be moved are not static books; Use books, don't read them. Generally speaking, we should be guided by life-centered teaching, not text-centered textbooks. 3. A good teacher is not teaching, not teaching students, but teaching students to learn.
Success education
1. You have Watt under your pointer, Newton in your cold eyes, and Edison in your ridicule. Don't be too busy driving them away. You don't have to wait to sit on the steamboat, light a lamp and finish calculus before you realize that they are your pupils.
heuristic teaching
1. Two different tendencies should be prevented in education: one is to completely eliminate the boundary between teaching and learning and deny the wrong tendency of teachers' leading role; The other is the wrong tendency of only disciplining, not asking students' interests and not paying attention to the questions raised by students. The former tendency must be to go with the flow without a plan; The latter tendency is bound to indoctrinate students into roast ducks. Education can't create anything, but it can stimulate children's creativity and engage in creative work.
Innovation and practice
1. We find that children are creative. When we know that children are creative, we should further emancipate their creativity. 2. The common problem of education in China is that people who teach brains don't use their hands, and those who don't use their hands use their brains, so they can't do anything. The countermeasure of China's educational revolution is the alliance of hands and brains, and as a result, the strength of hands and brains can be incredible. 3. Emancipate children's thoughts, hands, feet, space and time, so that they can fully live a free life and get a real education from it. Both hands and brain are the purpose of creative education. The countermeasure of China's educational revolution is to unite hands and brains.
Training education
1. If life, work and study can be automated, the effect of education will be twice as effective. Therefore, we pay special attention to the cultivation of automatic power, so that it can pay attention to all life, work and study. Automation is conscious action, not spontaneous action. Conscious action needs proper cultivation to be realized. 2. Collective life is an important driving force for children's self-development towards socialization; It is necessary for the normal psychological development of children. A child who does not get this normal development may end up in tragedy. 3. Improve personal morality and build a "Great Wall of Personality". From the perfection of private morality to the expansion of the utility of public morality, seeking benefits for the collective. ...