("Pearl Capsule" and "Classic" original peony)

Peony bark (outline), Paeonia lactiflora (materia medica) and Dangen (Guizhou folk prescription collection) with different names.

The source is the root bark of Ranunculaceae peony.

Plant peony, also known as: Lu Jiu, Shugu (Classic), Atractylodes macrocephala (Guangya), White Lotus Brocade, Wu Peony (Herbal Medicine of Tang Dynasty), Woody Peony (Heritage of Kaiyuan Tianbao), Kao Hua (Luoyang Famous Garden), Luoyang Flower (Qunfangpu) and Tiejiao Niu.

Deciduous perennial shrub, 1 ~ 1.5m high. Hypertrophy of rhizome. The branches are short and thick. Leaves alternate, usually 2 times and 3 leaves; The stem length is 6 ~ 10 cm; Leaflets are ovoid or broadly ovoid, terminal leaflets are usually 3-lobed, lateral leaflets are palmately 3-lobed, and the surface is dark green and glabrous. The lower part is slightly white, the midvein is sparse and white, with long hair. Flowers solitary at the end of branches, large; Sepals 5, imbricate, green; There are five or more petals, mostly double petals, which change greatly, usually inverted oval, with a notch at the top, rose, red, purple and white; Stamens are numerous, filaments are red and anthers are yellow; 2 ~ 5 pistils, green, densely short-haired, short style and leaflike stigma; Disk cup-shaped. The fruit is a collection of 2 ~ 5 clams, oval, green and brown short hair. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruiting period is July-August.

Born in sunny and fertile soil, it is often cultivated in gardens. Distributed in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places. It is cultivated all over the country.

The flower (peony flower) of this plant is also used as medicine, which is detailed in another article.

Collect peony cultivated for 3-5 years, dig it in autumn or early spring, wash the soil, remove fibrous roots and stem seedlings, cut off root bark and dry it in the sun. Or after scraping the skin, cut off the root skin and dry it. The former is called "original cortex moutan" and the latter is called "scraping cortex moutan".

Medicinal materials ① Cortex Moutan

The root bark is cylindrical and semi-cylindrical, with longitudinal cracks, and both sides are curled inward, generally 3 ~ 8 cm long and about 2 mm thick. The appearance is grayish brown or purplish brown, some cork has fallen off, which is brownish red, and fibrous root marks and protruding lenticels can be seen; The inner surface is light brown or grayish yellow, with fine longitudinal texture and shiny crystals. Hard and brittle, uneven section, or powdery, yellowish red. It has a special aroma, slightly bitter taste and slight tingling.

(2) scraping peony bark

Also known as: peony (a herb in southern Yunnan), with a slightly rough surface and pink color. Everything else is the same as the original peony bark order.

Among the above two kinds of medicinal materials, the one with thick rope, thick skin, full powder, rich aroma and many crystals is the best.

Location: Anhui, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Shandong, Guizhou and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Yunnan and Zhejiang. Sichuan and Anhui have the largest output. Phoenix Mountain in Tongling, Anhui Province has the best quality and is called Fengshan Lake. Produced in Nanling, Anhui Province, it is named Medicinal Peony; Dianjiang and guanxian in Sichuan are called Sichuan Peony Cortex; Gansu, Shaanxi, Kangding and Luding in Sichuan are called Xidan Peony. Peony bark named Xichang is produced in Xichang, Sichuan, and its quality is inferior.

In addition to the above-mentioned authentic peony bark, the root bark of dwarf peony and purple peony is still in use in Shaanxi. The variety of peony in Xichang is complex. In addition to the genuine peony, it also uses the root bark of peony, peony and peony produced in Sichuan.

In addition, there is a kind of Moutai in Sichuan, which is Maowen Peony. Yunnan peony is the root bark of Yunnan peony and Paeonia lactiflora.

The chemical constituents of the root contain paeonol, paeoniflorin, paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin. It also contains 0. 15 ~ 0.4% of volatile oil and phytosterol.

Pharmacological action ① Effect on central nervous system

Injection or oral administration of paeonol in mice has sedative, hypnotic and analgesic effects. It can reduce the body temperature of normal mice (intraperitoneal injection or gastric perfusion), and also has antipyretic effect on artificially febrile mice (caused by injection of typhoid and paratyphoid Bacillus); It also has the effect of resisting electric shock or drug-induced shock.

② Hypotensive effect

Intravenous injection of Cortex Moutan decoction (equivalent to 0.75 g/kg crude drug) has antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, cats and rats. Paeonol and its decoction also have antihypertensive effect in acute animal experiments. Experimental hypertension (primary hypertension and renal hypertension) can be taken orally by dogs or rats, but the effect appears slowly, which may be due to the slow absorption of gastrointestinal tract.

③ Antibacterial effect

In the test tube, it has strong antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus albus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and typhoid Bacillus. Peony bark has a significant effect on Shigella dysenteriae and Typhoid Bacillus (tube double dilution method), and its bactericidal power is the strongest at pH 7.0 ~ 7.6. Agar plate streaking method also proved to be effective for typhoid, dysentery, paratyphoid and Escherichia coli. Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Pneumococcus, Vibrio cholerae and many other bacteria have different degrees of inhibition. Paeonol can also inhibit Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Peony extract also has a certain inhibitory effect on Microsporum ferruginosum and other 10 kinds of skin fungi in vitro.

④ Other functions

Paeonol can inhibit edema of hind limbs and reduce vascular permeability in rats, and the above effects will be lost after peony bark is removed. The experiment of chicken embryo showed that peony bark had a certain antiviral effect, but the results were different after gavage and reinfection with influenza virus in mice, and its antiviral effect was uncertain.

The hot immersion liquid of Yima Allium macrostemon produced in Himalayan Mountains has an exciting effect on the uterus of various animals, but it has an inhibitory effect on the frog's heart and an antispasmodic effect on the intestines of rabbits and guinea pigs. The ethanol extract of Cortex Moutan has digitalis-like effect on frog heart, stimulating uterus and inhibiting intestine in rats and rabbits, and slightly lowering blood pressure in rats, but has no analgesic and anticonvulsant effects (electric shock and pentylenetetrazol shock).

Peony bark processing: removing impurities, removing wood core, washing, fully wetting, slicing and drying. Stir-fry the peony bark: slice the peony bark into a hot pot, stir-fry until it is slightly yellow and burnt, take the mountain and let it cool thoroughly. Peony bark: Slice the peony bark into a pot, stir-fry with strong fire until brown, spray clean water, take it out and let it cool thoroughly.

Sex tastes hard and cold.

1 classic: "pungent, cold."

② Southern Yunnan herbs: "Cold in nature, sour and pungent in taste."

③ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Xin Gan, slightly cold."

Meridian enters the heart, liver and kidney.

(1) Pearl Capsule: "Hand Jue Yin, foot Shao Yin."

(2) "Outline": "Four Meridians of Hand, Foot and Jueyin."

③ Description of the nature of Lei Gong's processed drugs: "Entering the lung meridian."

Function: clearing heat and cooling blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It can be used for treating heat entering blood, macula, epilepsy, vomiting, epistaxis, hematochezia, bone steaming fatigue, amenorrhea, abdominal mass, carbuncle and palpitation.

① The meridian: "Treat cold and heat, apoplexy, carbuncle, spasm, convulsion and epilepsy, remove symptoms and remove blood stasis, protect the stomach, balance the five internal organs and treat carbuncle and sore."

(2) Don't record: "Except for headache due to seasonal gas, fever due to overwork, lumbago due to overwork, wind sickness and epilepsy."

③ Theory of medicinal properties: "Cure cold, dispel all kinds of pain, and treat women with meridian obstruction and bleeding and backache."

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Eliminating evil spirits, pleasing color, dredging blood vessels, expelling pus, dredging menstruation, removing blood stasis, continuing bones and muscles, removing wind and arthralgia, giving birth to children, and all kinds of cold, heat and blood gas after delivery."

⑤ Pearl Capsule: "Treat gastrointestinal bleeding, nosebleed, vomiting blood and no sweat."

⑥ southern Yunnan herbs: "breaking blood, promoting blood circulation, eliminating abdominal mass and removing blood heat."

⑦ Introduction to Medicine: "Purging fire, nourishing true qi and blood, and breaking accumulation."

8 "Outline": "Blood, raw blood, cool blood." Treat blood fire, except vexation and heat. "

Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan; I still took the pills and dispersed them.

Should avoid blood deficiency and cold, pregnant women and menorrhagia with caution.

(1) Notes on Materia Medica: "Afraid of Cuscuta chinensis."

(2) Ancient and modern folk prescription: "Avoid coriander."

③ Tang dynasty herbs: "fear of Fritillaria, rhubarb."

4 "Japanese Herbal Medicine": "Avoid garlic."

⑤ Ben Feng Jingyuan: "Those who have excessive spontaneous sweating should not use it to drain body fluids. Don't use acne rash at first, because it is specially used for dispersing blood. There is no reason to worry about spreading roots and feet. "

⑥ "Depei Materia Medica": "The stomach is qi-deficient and cold, and the fire is weak."

Prescription 1: Treating typhoid and toxic sores such as peas: Cortex Moutan, Fructus Gardeniae, Scutellariae Radix (removing black heart), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (filing and frying), Radix Aucklandiae and Herba Ephedrae (removing root knot). Divide the six flavors equally and file them as big as beans. Every time you take a San Qian and a glass of water and fry it for seven minutes, move me away and eat it warmly. (Sheng Jizong recorded Peony Soup)

(2) Treating female evil blood attacking the top, which is even more angry: half a piece of peony bark and half a piece of dry paint (burning cigarettes). Water for two minutes and fry for one minute. ("Discrimination of Various Evidences")

③ For typhoid and febrile diseases, it is advisable to accumulate blood without sweating, as well as nosebleed, hematemesis, blood stasis, yellow face and black stool; Removing blood stasis: rhinoceros horn, rehmannia root, peony and peony bark. Serve four ingredients, cut them into pieces, boil three liters in nine liters of water, and take them three times. ("Qian Jinfang" Rhinoceros Horn Dihuang Decoction)

④ Treatment of prenatal hemorrhage: Cortex Moutan, Scutellariae Radix, Pollen Typhae, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Platycladus orientalis. * * * is fine powder, and early rice paste is a pill. Hollow white soup 100 pill. ("Women's Experience in the Secret Room")

⑤ Treatment of women's bone steaming, meridian obstruction, and gradually increase emaciation: one and a half peony bark, one or two cinnamon bark, one or two Akebia stem (file frying), one and a half peony root, two and a half turtle shell (vinegar roasting, skirt removing), one and a half sweet potato root and one and a half peach kernel (soaking, peeling, sharp frying). Sift the seven flavors roughly. Every five dollars, a glass of water and a half, stir-fry to a cup, remove me, eat two at different temperatures, and eat one after each empty meal. (Sheng Jizong recorded Peony Soup)

⑥ Treat intestinal carbuncle, abdominal distension, pain, etc., regulate urination, persistent fever, spontaneous sweating, aversion to cold, delayed pulse, purulent failure, which can be discharged. When there is blood, pus has been discharged and cannot be discharged: four liang of rhubarb, one liang of peony, fifty peaches, half a liter of melon seeds and three mirabilite. Take five flavors, take six liters of water, boil one liter, remove me, add mirabilite, fry again, and take it immediately. There is blood if there is pus, and there is blood if there is no pus. (Rhubarb Peony Soup in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

⑦ I was born before Gu Dao was treated for carbuncle. After urinating, I just started to itch, like pine nuts, red and swollen like peaches. When I was treated late, I broke, and my urine and urine came out from here. There is no need to drink the soup stock first: peony bark, rhubarb, Fritillaria, angelica dahurica, licorice and angelica sinensis, each for five yuan. * * * is fine powder, mixed with wine for two yuan, and eaten in the hollow. ("Compendium of Materia Medica Three Generals")

⑧ For patients with lower sores, acupoints have been made: peony square dagger, three times a day. ("Fill the back of the elbow")

Pet-name ruby treatment of internal leakage of golden sore without bleeding: peony bark powder, three fingers to take water, so that urine bleeding. (Qian Jinfang)

⑩ Wrist blood stasis treatment: 20 tabanus and 2 peony flowers 1-2. Take two herbs and sieve them, and take one square inch of wine. (Qian Jinfang)

⑾ hernia (feeling bloated and unable to move). Divide the peony bark and radix Saposhnikoviae into powder, two yuan each time, and send wine next time.

⑿ Women hate blood (blood rushes up, blushes and gets upset). Use half a piece of peony bark, half a piece of dry paint (until the smoke is exhausted), add two glasses of water and fry it into a cup to take.

[13] Injury and blood stasis. 22 pieces of peony bark and 2 1 piece of scale insects (alive) were mashed together. Drink a spoonful every morning with warm wine.

[14] Internal bleeding after knife injury. Grind peony bark into powder and take a little with water. Blood stasis is excreted from urine.

⒂ Lower part is sore (broken). Take a spoonful of peony powder and decoct it. Three times a day.

Clinical application ① Treatment of hypertension

Take two pieces of Cortex Moutan 1 ~ 1.5, and decoct in water into120 ~150ml, three times a day; Or the initial dose is 5 ~ 6 yuan, and if there is no adverse reaction, it will be increased to 1. After more than 20 cases were treated, the blood pressure decreased obviously and the symptoms improved after about 5 days of medication. After 6 ~ 33 days, the average diastolic blood pressure decreased by10 ~ 20mmhg, and the average systolic blood pressure decreased by 20 ~ 40mmhg. In this group of cases, the blood pressure can be reduced to the normal range or close to the normal range in the near future, and the symptoms disappear or improve, but the long-term efficacy needs to be observed. Some patients have side effects such as nausea and dizziness after taking the medicine, which can disappear naturally without stopping taking the medicine.

② Treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Take 50 ml of 10% peony bark soup every night for 10 day, treat 3 1 case, and cure 12 cases. Another 9 cases were treated, and the symptoms improved rapidly after taking the medicine, but no 1 case was cured.

In addition, oral 10% peony bark decoction (50 ml per night) was taken to treat 6 cases of dry ears due to allergic reaction after radical mastoidectomy. Results 5 cases were cured, with remission 1 case.

The function attached to peony. It lies in clearing away heat and cooling blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and can treat latent fire of heart, kidney and liver (yin fire and phase fire). To suppress fire, many people use yellow tillers; In fact, peony is better than yellow tiller. Li Shizhen pointed out: Peony is only used as medicine with red and white petals, and other varieties are cultivated artificially. "The smell is not pure and can't be used." Red flowers are often beneficial, while white flowers are often nourishing.

Remind you: Peony bark is an online Chinese herbal medicine. Please follow the doctor's advice before use.