1. Cutting: cutting off vegetative organs such as roots, stems, leaves or scales from the mother plant, inserting them into the soil, and developing into new plants under suitable conditions.
2. layering: bury the branches or stems and vines of the parents in the soil, and then cut them off from the mother plant after taking root.
3. Grafting: Varieties with excellent genetic traits can be obtained. Grafting refers to grafting branches or buds of one plant to stems or roots of another plant. The former is called scion, and the latter is called rootstock or table wood.