Li Yu is regarded as a talented person and is called "Li" in the world. He once set up a troupe and performed in various places, accumulated rich experience in drama creation and performance, and put forward a relatively perfect drama theory system. He was praised by later generations as "the father of China's drama theory", "the master of world comedy" and "Oriental Shakespeare". He is an advocate of leisure culture and a pioneer of cultural industry, and is listed as one of the world cultural celebrities.
Li Yu (1611680) was born in Luogao, South Zhili (now Rugao City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province), a writer, dramatist, drama theorist and aesthetician in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
Smart since childhood, but also good at ancient Chinese. After ten years of worship (1637), I was admitted to Jinhua House and was an official student. After entering the Qing dynasty, I had no intention of becoming an official, and I was engaged in writing and directing drama performances.
In the eighth year of Shunzhi (165 1), Li Yu, aged 4 1, moved to Hangzhou, then moved to Jinling, built a mustard garden, opened a bookstore, edited and engraved books, and made friends with dignitaries and literary celebrities. In the 16th year of Kangxi (1677), he returned to Hangzhou and built a "layer garden" at the foot of Yunju Mountain in Hangzhou.
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Li Yu's main achievements
Around the age of 60, Li Yu began to systematically sum up experience and promoted it to theory. In the tenth year of Kangxi (167 1), the first kind of secretary, Li Weng, appeared, which was the crystallization of Li Yu's artistic and life experience.
"Suiyuan" is divided into eight parts: lyrics, exercises, volume, living room, playing with utensils, drinking, planting and self-care. * * * There are 234 small questions, which can be called an encyclopedia of life art and leisure. It is the first monograph advocating leisure culture in China.
Among them, "Ci Qu Bu" talks about the structure, diction, rhythm, objectivity, rhetoric and pattern of drama; "Homework Department" talks about drama selection, tone sandhi, music giving, white education and bias; The "Learning Skills" in the Volume Department introduces in detail the methods of teaching women to read, write poems, learn songs and dances, and play musical instruments, all of which are related to drama.
Later generations took out two books, "Ci Qu" and "Exercise", which were independently printed into a book called "Li Liweng Quhua". Among them, from creation, directing, performance and teaching to language, music and clothing, they are all discussed one by one.
On the basis of absorbing the theoretical achievements of predecessors (such as Wang Jide's Qulv) and combining with his own artistic practical experience, Li Yu made a comprehensive summary of China's ancient drama theory, thus forming a set of drama theory system with rich content, self-contained system and national characteristics, which was one hundred years earlier than the famous French writer Diderot.
His Leisure is the first systematic drama theory work in the history of China, a masterpiece of China's classical drama theory and a milestone in the history of China's drama aesthetics. Among them, the discussion on director is two centuries earlier than that of Soviet dramatist stanislavski, and it is the first truly theoretical work on director in the history of world drama.
The last six parts of "Random Thoughts" mainly focus on ways to entertain and beautify life. It is rich in content and practical, and also provides us with panoramic images of people's daily life and secular customs in China in the17th century: from the layout of pavilions and ponds, the separation of doors and windows, to the decoration of flowers, insects, fish and jade;
From women's makeup, grooming, jewelry and pink dyeing to the way the poor and the rich support themselves, and so on. , are involved, showing the author's extensive artistic understanding and unlimited interest in life. The writing of these six books is different from the general life knowledge books, and they often combine lyricism and reasoning.
He hopes that people will have a new understanding of beautifying life after reading his books and make life more colorful. He also hopes that by discussing the knowledge of plants, insects and fish, as well as health care, it will help to standardize customs and alert people.
It is said that this book is new and borrowed by a friend. The man was not interested in drama theory. He turned over a dozen pages full of these things. He felt bored and returned the book.
Li Yu learned that he had written a poem and returned it to him: "It's wrong to read it, but it's a good idea to open the book first." This thing is the same as sugarcane. Why not pour the rice? "Sugarcane roots are the sweetest. For ordinary readers, the latter six novels are more interesting. If this friend skips the first two books to read, he won't feel bored.
Baidu encyclopedia-Li Yu