(2) Eat more foods rich in vitamin C, such as fresh green leafy vegetables and fruits, to promote iron absorption in the intestine. If necessary, take vitamin C tablets orally.
(3) Avoid drinking tea, especially strong tea, because tannic acid in tea will prevent the absorption of iron.
Iron deficiency anemia is caused by insufficient iron stored in the body, which affects the synthesis of hemoglobin. This is the most common type of anemia among teenagers.
I. Reasons
(1) Iron demand increased and iron intake was insufficient. Children and teenagers need more iron because they grow and develop rapidly. If iron in food is insufficient for a long time, iron deficiency anemia can occur.
(2) Repeated massive blood loss can significantly consume iron storage in the body. For example, patients with hookworm disease can cause chronic small intestinal bleeding, and excessive menstrual flow in female adolescents can cause iron storage in the body to decrease.
(3) Chronic diarrhea and intestinal dysfunction can affect the normal absorption of iron.
(D) The low content of animal protein in the diet is not conducive to the absorption of iron.
(5) People who are partial to food, picky eaters and used to eating baked goods are prone to iron deficiency anemia.
Second, the clinical manifestations
Clinical manifestations are related to the degree of anemia and the urgency of the disease. The general symptoms of anemia are pale or sallow complexion, fatigue, general weakness, palpitation and headache. In addition to the above symptoms, stomatitis, glossitis, angular stomatitis and dysphagia may occur in severe cases. A few patients have pica and love to eat ice, earth and coal. In severe cases, the brain tissue is deficient in iron, and it is easy to get excited, and the attention and concentration are reduced. Children's height and weight are lower than normal, and patients may have dry skin, dry hair, flat nails, fragile and easy to crack, and even form anti-armor.
Third, diagnosis
Laboratory examination showed typical hemogram, namely small red blood cells and hypochromic anemia. According to the living standard of Chinese people, the diagnostic criteria of anemia in children and adolescents are: 7~ 13 years old, regardless of gender, and the standard value of hemoglobin is120g/L; Boys over 04 years old 65438+130g/l; Girls over 04 years old 65438+120g/l. If it is lower than the above criteria, it is diagnosed as anemia.
Four. prevent
(1) Pay attention to nutrition. The diet should be balanced and reasonable, rich in protein. Eat more foods containing more iron, such as kelp, laver, fungus, tomato, animal liver, lean pork, fish, shrimp, egg yolk, beans, rice and so on. And eating fruit often has a therapeutic effect. Advocate cooking in an iron pan.
(2) advocate and popularize the production of various iron-fortified foods for children and adolescents.
(three) do a good job in stool examination and deworming in hookworm endemic areas.
(4) Drinking orange juice after meals can enhance the absorption rate of non-hemoglobin iron, and eating fruit after meals can also promote the absorption of iron. Eating foods and drinks containing vitamin C and organic acids during and after meals can promote the absorption of iron.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) processing
(1) Etiology treatment: It is most effective to make clear the etiology and treat it according to it. The occurrence of iron deficiency is nothing more than chronic blood loss or intestinal malabsorption If hookworm disease is chronic blood loss, it should be treated with insect repellent in time.
(2) Oral iron: Oral iron is an effective drug to treat iron deficiency anemia. Commonly used ferrous sulfate, 0.3~0.6g each time, taken orally for 3 times after meals, without drinking tea. 8~ 12 weeks is a course of treatment. You can also take vitamin C at the same time to promote the absorption of iron, 50~ 100mg each time, three times a day.
Iron Deficiency Anemia —— Green Diet Therapy
First of all, let me introduce pork liver porridge. The practice of pork liver porridge is very simple. Cook the rice first, then cook the pork liver in the porridge for a while. Pig liver is rich in iron. Regular consumption of pig liver is beneficial to the prevention of iron deficiency anemia and the treatment of diseases for patients with iron deficiency anemia.
Anemia is a common disease, especially in women. Today, I introduce a jujube ear soup to female friends. You need to prepare jujube, fungus, tremella and appropriate amount of brown sugar. First, soak auricularia and tremella in clear water, then put the soaked auricularia and tremella together with jujube in a pot, and then add brown sugar and heat until boiling. Maybe some people think that fungus and jujube can be cooked together? In fact, auricularia auricula has the same effect as jujube, and both have the effect of enriching blood. If cooked with brown sugar, the effect will soar.
People suffering from iron deficiency anemia should not only pay attention to supplementing iron and blood, but also supplement proper amount of vitamin C. The reason is that iron mainly exists in two ways, one is trivalent iron which is not easily absorbed by human body, and the other is bivalent iron which is easily absorbed by human body. Iron in food often exists in the form of trivalent iron, and vitamin C can convert trivalent iron into divalent iron, which can increase the body's absorption of iron. The content of vitamin C in spinach, kiwi fruit, tomato, pineapple, strawberry and orange is relatively high. Tea contains a substance called tannic acid, which can combine with divalent iron to form insoluble iron tannic acid, which hinders the absorption of iron. Therefore, the habit of drinking tea after meals is not conducive to iron absorption.
Dietary treatment of iron deficiency anemia
(1) High protein diet. Protein is the raw material for synthesizing hemoglobin, so we should pay attention to dietary supplement, and the daily amount should be about 80g. You can choose high-quality protein foods such as animal liver, lean meat, eggs, milk and bean products. ?
(2) The suitable fat intake is about 50g per day. Don't eat too much fat, otherwise it will reduce digestion and absorption function and inhibit hematopoietic function.
(3) Carbohydrate is appropriate, about 400g per day. ?
(4) Eat more foods rich in iron and advocate the use of iron pots. ?
(5) Foods rich in vitamins, especially B vitamins and vitamin C, should be included in the diet, which has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of anemia. ?
(6) Correct bad eating habits, such as partial eclipse and vegetarian diet. ?
● Food choice for iron deficiency anemia?
(1) Foods rich in iron include animal liver, kidney, tongue, duck gizzard, squid, jellyfish, dried shrimps, egg yolk and other animal foods, as well as sesame, kelp, auricularia, laver, Nostoc flagelliforme, mushrooms, soybeans, black beans, yuba, celery, shepherd's purse, fermented bean curd and so on. ?
(2) Eat more foods rich in vitamin C, such as fresh green leafy vegetables and fruits, to promote the absorption of iron in the intestine. Vitamin c tablets can be taken orally when necessary. ?
(3) Avoid drinking tea, especially strong tea, because tannic acid in tea will prevent the absorption of iron. ?
Low iron deficiency anemia recipe example
Breakfast: 50g of bread, 50g of millet porridge, 50g of spiced eggs, and pickles 10g.
Lunch: rice 150g, meatballs (50g beef, 50g cucumber), fried Chinese cabbage (Chinese cabbage 100g, 30g lean pork). ?
Dinner: rice 100g, fried pork liver with spinach (pork liver 100g, spinach 100g), sliced Chinese cabbage with auricularia auricula (20g of auricularia auricula, 50g of Chinese cabbage). ?
25 grams of edible oil for the whole day. ?
The daily heat energy is about 7980 kilojoules (1900 calories). ?
● Dietary prescription for iron deficiency anemia
(1) Jujube porridge: jujube 10, japonica rice100g, and a little rock sugar. Wash japonica rice and red dates. Put japonica rice and red dates into a pot, boil them with strong fire, and then stew them with slow fire until the rice is rotten into porridge. Put the rock sugar into the pot, add a little water, boil it into ice sugar juice, and then pour it into the porridge pot and stir well. Eat breakfast and dinner every day. ?
(2) Hedysarum longan chicken: ① A hen, medlar 15g, longan 50g, lean pork 100g, cabbage heart 250g, flour 150g, yellow wine 30g, monosodium glutamate 5g, pepper 5g, ginger 20g, onion 30g and salt 6g-8g. (2) After the chicken is slaughtered, remove the hair pile, viscera, claws and rinse the chicken. Wash medlar. Chop the pork. Wash the Chinese cabbage, blanch it with boiling water and cut into pieces.
It's broken Mix flour with water and knead into dough to make jiaozi. Wash the onion and ginger, cut a little onion into fine powder, and cut the rest into sections. Cut ginger into large pieces and mash it into ginger juice. (3) Blanch the chicken in boiling water, take it out, rinse it with cold water, and then sprinkle it with water. Then put Lycium barbarum, longan and ginger onion into the chicken belly, put the chicken into an enamel bowl, add pepper and yellow wine into the clear soup, seal the bowl with wet cotton paper, and steam it in a cage for about two hours. ④ After the chicken is caged for one hour, add salt, pepper, yellow wine, ginger juice and a little water into the minced meat, and then mix well with Chinese cabbage. Roll the dough into 20 small pieces, roll it up, stuff it with meat, and wrap it into small jiaozi. When the chicken is cooked, put water in another pot, bring it to a boil, and put it in jiaozi for cooking. At the same time, take out the chicken, remove the paper, add monosodium glutamate to taste, and put the chicken soup jiaozi into a bowl. Regularly replenish blood and nourish. ?
(3) Steamed chicken with red dates and mushrooms: clean chicken 150g, red dates 20g, mushrooms 20g, wet starch 6g, soy sauce, salt, monosodium glutamate, cooking wine, sugar, onion, ginger, sesame oil and chicken soup. Wash the chicken and cut it into strips 1 inch long and 2 minutes thick; Wash red dates and mushrooms for later use. Put chicken strips, mushrooms and red dates into a bowl, add soy sauce, salt, sugar, monosodium glutamate, onion, ginger, cooking wine, chicken soup and wet starch, mix well, steam in a cage (or steam in water) 13 minutes, take out after steaming, spread out with chopsticks, spread flat on a flat plate and sprinkle with sesame oil.
(4) Bean sprouts and pig blood soup: 250g of bean sprouts and pig blood, and appropriate amount of yellow wine and seasoning. Remove the roots of soybean sprouts and wash them; Cut the pig's blood into small squares and rinse it with clear water for use. Heat a little oil in the pot, saute minced garlic, chopped green onion and Jiang Mo, add pig blood to cook yellow wine, add water to boil, add bean sprouts, cook, and then add monosodium glutamate and refined salt. Suitable for blood deficiency dizziness and iron deficiency.
Anemia. ?
(5) Pig skin and jujube soup: 500 grams of pig skin, 250 grams of jujube, and appropriate amount of rock sugar. Unhairing pigskin, washing, and cutting into small pieces; Wash jujube and remove the core for later use. Put pigskin pieces and jujube in an iron pot, add crystal sugar and water, boil with strong fire and stew with slow fire to make a thick soup.
(6) Guisui Quail Soup: Quail meat 90g, pig spinal cord 30g, longan meat 60g, rock sugar 6g, osmanthus fragrans 3g, and appropriate seasoning. Wash quail meat, cut it into small pieces and blanch it with boiling water to remove the fishy smell. After washing the pig spinal cord, blanch it to remove blood tendons, take it out and put it in a bowl, then add clear soup, quail meat, longan meat, rock sugar and a little cooking wine and onion ginger, steam it in a cage, put it in a soup basin and sprinkle with osmanthus. ?
(7) Danggui rice: appropriate amount of rice, 200g pork, Danggui 15g, and appropriate amount of onion, potato, carrot and seasoning. Making rice into dried rice; Angelica sinensis is decocted in water, and the decoction is about 50 ml, and the residue is reserved. Stir-fry pork, add onion slices, shredded potatoes, carrot slices and seasonings, stir-fry for a few times, then pour the residue into angelica juice, add seasonings such as salt, soy sauce and pepper, and cook it with rice. ?
(8) Raw fried glutinous rice: 250g glutinous rice, 25g red beans, 25g red dates, 25g longan pulp, 50g white sugar150g cooked lard. Wash glutinous rice, drain water, when lard is heated to 40%, pour in and stir-fry, add red beans, red dates, longan meat and white sugar, mix well, add appropriate amount of water, boil over high fire, stir-fry until water is dry, and finally poke holes in rice with chopsticks and simmer for 20-30 minutes. ?
(9) Pork blood porridge: pig blood 100g, fresh spinach 100g, salt, monosodium glutamate, onion and ginger. Boil pig blood in boiling water, then take it out and cut it into small pieces, then wash spinach, put it in boiling water, blanch for a few minutes, take it out and cut it into small pieces. Cook porridge with pig blood clots and japonica rice, and add seasoning when the porridge is cooked. ?
(10) Jujube gum porridge: Ejiao 15g, glutinous rice 100g, jujube 10. Mashing Colla Corii Asini, removing the core of jujube and cooking porridge with glutinous rice, until it is cooked into Colla Corii Asini, simmering, and stirring to melt. Eat warm food for breakfast and dinner every day.