2。 From fireflies to artificial luminescence;
3。 Electric fish and volt batteries;
4。 The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor of jellyfish ear, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.
5。 According to the visual principle of frog eye, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This kind of electronic frog's eyes can accurately identify objects with specific shapes like real frog's eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes in radar system, the anti-jamming ability of radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships and missiles with specific shapes. In particular, it can distinguish between true and false missiles and prevent false confusion.
Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and call the police in time if it is found that the aircraft is about to collide. On the main road, you can direct the vehicles to prevent them from colliding.
6。 According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, which blind people can use to find telephone poles, steps, people on bridges, etc. Nowadays, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made.
7。 By simulating the incomplete photosynthetic mechanism of cyanobacteria, a bionic photolysis device was designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen.
8。 According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a human strength enhancer-walking machine is copied.
9。 The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals.
10。 Corrugated roofs imitate animal scales.
1 1。 Paddles imitate the fins of fish.
12。 Saw mantis arms, or saw grass.
13。 The plants of Xanthium were inspired to invent velcro.
14。 Lobster with keen sense of smell provides people with the idea of making odor detectors.
15。 Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tape.
16。 The colloid formed by shellfish and protein is very strong, and this colloid can be used in everything from surgical suture to ship repair.
17. The capsules in squid and torpedo bait can secrete black liquid. When it is in danger, it will release this black liquid to trick the attacker into falling for it. Submarine designers imitate this function of squid, and readers design torpedo bait. Torpedo vinegar lure is like a pocket submarine, which can sail at the same speed according to the original course of the submarine, and can also simulate noise, spiral beat, sound signal and Doppler tone change. It is this vivid performance that makes it difficult to tell whether the enemy submarine or the attacked torpedo is true or not, and finally makes the submarine escape.
18. Spider and armored biologists have found that the strength of spider silk is five times that of steel wire with the same volume. Inspired by this, a technology company in Cambridge, England, tried to make high-strength fibers similar to spider silk. Composite materials made of this fiber can be used as structural materials such as bulletproof vests, bulletproof vehicles, tanks and armored vehicles.
19. Giraffes and "anti-Dutch clothing" giraffes are the tallest animals in the world at present. The distance between their brains and hearts is about 3 meters, and blood is sent to their brains by blood pressure as high as 160~260 mm Hg. According to general analysis, when giraffes bow their heads to drink water, their brains are lower than their hearts, and a large amount of blood will flood into their brains, which will increase their blood pressure even more, so giraffes will die of diseases such as cerebral congestion or blood vessel rupture when drinking water. But the giraffe's thick skin tightly binds blood vessels, which limits blood pressure. Aircraft designers and aviation biologists have designed a novel "anti-load suit" based on the principle of giraffe skin, thus solving the pain caused by cerebral ischemia when ultra-high-speed fighter pilots suddenly accelerate their climb. There is a device in this "anti-load suit", which can compress air when the plane accelerates, and it can also exert corresponding pressure on blood vessels, which is better than the thick skin of giraffe.
20. The "whale back effect" between whales and submarines. Contemporary nuclear submarines can dive under the ice for a long time, but if they launch missiles under the ice, they must break the ice and float, which encounters mechanical problems. Diving experts are inspired by the fact that whales break ice and breathe every 10 minute. In terms of the podium coaming and superstructure protruding from the top of the submarine, they strengthened the material strength, simulated the whale back, and truly achieved the "whale back effect" when breaking the ice.
2 1. butterflies and satellites with temperature control system travel in space. When they are strongly radiated by sunlight, the satellite temperature will be as high as 200 degrees Celsius; In the shadow area, the temperature of the satellite will drop to about-200 degrees Celsius, and it is easy to bake or freeze the precision instruments on the satellite, which once made the space scientists break their brains. Later, people were inspired by butterflies. It turns out that the butterfly has a layer of tiny scales on its body surface, which can regulate its body temperature. Whenever the temperature rises and the sun shines directly, the scales automatically open, reducing the radiation angle of the sun, thus reducing the absorption of solar heat energy; When the outside temperature drops, the scales automatically close to the body surface, allowing the sun to shine directly on the scales, thus controlling the body temperature within the normal range. After research, scientists designed a temperature control system similar to butterfly scales for artificial earth satellites.
These are:
Biologists have made high-grade silk threads, tear-resistant parachutes and high-strength cables for temporary suspension bridges through the study of spider silk. Ships and submarines are modeled after fish and dolphins.
Rattlesnake missiles are modern weapons developed by scientists imitating the "hot eye" function of snakes and their tongues are arranged with a natural infrared sensing ability like a camera.
The rocket takes off by using the recoil principle of jellyfish and squid.
Researchers have developed many military camouflage equipment for the army by studying the chameleon's color-changing ability.
Scientists studied frog eyes and invented electronic frog eyes.
Termites not only use adhesive to build their anthills, but also spray adhesive on their enemies through small tubes in their heads. So people made a working weapon-dry rubber shell according to the same principle.
The US Air Force has developed a miniature thermal sensor through the "hot eye" function of poisonous snakes.
Drawing lessons from the bionics principle and the fur structure of terrestrial animals, Chinese textile scientists have designed a small barrel warm fabric with the functions of wind resistance and moisture conduction.
According to the principle that the rattlesnake's buccal fossa can feel the temperature change of 0.00 1℃, human beings invented the tracking and chasing rattlesnake missile. Humans also used the principle of leapfrog to design a toad rammer. Humans imitate the highly sensitive sense of smell of police dogs and create "electronic police dogs" for investigation. Scientists have made the first batch of gas masks in the world according to the unique drug detection ability of wild boar nose.
1, Spherical Palace: A round nest skillfully woven by African warm birds with beaks and feet. It starts with a circular bracket, forms a ball, and then hangs on a branch.
2. Stable light structure: The box nest built in Tian Feng is very exquisite. Although it is a light structure, it has incredible stability.
3. Perfect bonding: Weaving ants' nests are made of leaves. Their larvae can spit out adhesive and are ideal "glue bottles".
4. Round tower house on the tree: The house of a group of birds looks like a crumbling pile of firewood on the tree, but its structure is very strong and can last for decades, often until the tree is crushed and broken.
5, the "stove" stove on the branch: bird's nest is made of soil, generally selected on a relatively stable branch. A bird's nest needs about 2500 grains of clay, all of which are taken away by the oven birds with their beaks.
6. Platform construction: tropical stingless bees use beeswax to build beehives, which are stacked and combined, generally with 40 floors. They look like spaceships in the movie Star Wars, and can accommodate 654.38 million+"residents".
7. Air-conditioned castle: Termites can raise the temperature of their nests through an incredible pipeline system, cooling during the day and heating at night.
Jellyfish is almost entirely composed of water, and its water actually accounts for 98%. There is a large amount of liquid between the molecules that make up its body, from which daily polymer glue can be obtained.
Lu Ban, a famous craftsman in ancient China, cut his hand while cutting trees up the mountain. He wants to know how a grass can be so powerful. After careful observation, he found that there were many sharp teeth on the leaf edge of silk grass. So Lu Ban invented the woodworking saw.
Flies have no noses. What does it rely on to act as a sense of smell? It turns out that the "nose" of flies-olfactory receptors are distributed on a pair of antennae on the head. A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied. This instrument has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin. It can also measure harmful gases in submarines and mines. This principle can also be used to improve the input device of computer and the structural principle of gas chromatography analyzer.
As early as 1940s, people created fluorescent lamps based on the study of fireflies. In recent years, scientists first isolated pure fluorescein from fireflies, then isolated luciferase, and then synthesized fluorescein artificially by chemical methods. Biological light source composed of fluorescein, luciferase, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and water can be used as a flash lamp in mines filled with explosive gas. Because this lamp has no power supply and does not produce magnetic field, it can be used to clear magnetic mines under the irradiation of biological light source.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/9th century, Italian physicist Volt designed the world's earliest voltaic battery based on electric fish power generation organ. Because this kind of battery is designed according to the natural generator of electric fish, it is called "artificial electric officer"
The long-span thin-shell building built by imitating shell and the column built by imitating femoral structure can not only eliminate the area where stress is particularly concentrated, but also bear the maximum load with the least building materials. Military imitation of the groove structure of dolphin skin and application of artificial dolphin leather bag on the hull can reduce navigation flow and improve speed;
After clarifying the chemical structure of the sex pheromone of the forest pest gypsy moth, a similar organic compound was synthesized, which can trap and kill male insects in a 1 millionth microgram field insect trap.