1. supine position without pillow: assist the patient to lie on his back, with his head tilted to one side, his arms at his sides, his legs lying flat naturally, and his pillow standing across the bed. Adapt:

① Patients in coma or general anesthesia? Avoid choking or lung infection caused by vomit entering respiratory tract by mistake.

② Patients after spinal anesthesia or spinal puncture? Prevent headaches caused by low intracranial pressure.

2. Concave prone position (shock prone position): the patient's head and chest are elevated 10? ~20? , lower limbs raised by 20? ~30? .

Suitable for shock patients. Hold your head high and keep the airway unobstructed, which is beneficial to ventilation and improve the symptoms of hypoxia. Raising the lower limbs is beneficial to venous return, increasing cardiac output and relieving shock symptoms.

3. Kneeling supine position: the patient lies on his back, with a pillow under his head, his arms at his sides, his knees bent and slightly apart.

Suitable for abdominal examination or catheterization and perineal irrigation.

(2) lateral position

Bend your elbow with one hand on your chest and the other on the pillow. The calf is slightly straight and the thigh is bent (when the hip muscle is injected, the calf is bent and the thigh is slightly straight to relax the hip muscle). Soft pillows can be placed between knees, chest, abdomen and back to support patients. Applicable to:

① Enema, anal examination and gastroscopy.

② gluteal muscle injection.

③ Prevention of pressure sore: Alternate lateral position and supine position to make the patient comfortable, and replace the compressed part to prevent pressure sore.

(3) Half-sitting and lying position

① Some patients after facial and neck surgery. Can reduce local bleeding.

② Patients with acute left heart failure. Gravity can be used to make some blood stay in the lower limbs and pelvic cavity, so as to reduce the amount of blood flowing back to the heart, thus reducing lung congestion and heart burden.

③ Patients with dyspnea caused by heart and lung diseases can reduce the position of diaphragm, enlarge the volume of chest cavity, and reduce the pressure of organs in abdominal cavity on heart and lung, thus improving dyspnea.

④ Patients with inflammation after thoracic, abdominal and pelvic surgery. One can promote drainage; Secondly, it can make peritoneal exudate flow into pelvic cavity and promote the limitation of infection; Third, it can relax abdominal muscles, reduce the tension at the suture of abdominal incision, promote comfort, avoid pain, and be beneficial to incision healing.

⑤ After abdominal surgery, patients can relax abdominal muscles, reduce the suture tension of abdominal incision, promote comfort, avoid pain, and be beneficial to incision healing.

⑥ Patients with weak constitution in recovery period: It is beneficial to make them adapt to the change of posture gradually, which is conducive to the transition to standing.

20 19 Tianjin Hospital Recruitment | Physical Examination Announcement and Publicity Summary (continuously updated)