Diet meets the various nutritional needs of the body and has enough heat energy to maintain activities in and out of the body; There is an appropriate amount of protein for growth and development, the repair and renewal of body tissues, and the maintenance of normal physiological functions; Sufficient inorganic salts participate in the formation of body tissues and regulate physiological functions; Rich in vitamins, ensure good health, maintain normal development of the body and enhance the body's resistance; Have a proper amount of dietary fiber to maintain normal excretion and prevent some intestinal diseases; There is enough water to maintain the normal progress of various physiological procedures in the body.
Diet should follow the principle that the content of heat energy and various nutrients in food is sufficient, the variety is complete and the proportion is appropriate; There is a balance between the nutrition provided in the diet and the needs of the body. The structure of diet should be reasonable, not only to meet the physiological needs of the body, but also to avoid the imbalance of diet composition and unnecessary burden and metabolic disorder caused by excessive nutrients. The human body needs more than 42 kinds of nutrients, including protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, essential trace elements and water. A diet that can constitute more than 42 nutrients must be achieved through a variety of food sources.