With the loosening of bird's nest import policy and the rise of e-commerce, China, as the world's largest bird's nest consumer, its market is growing rapidly. The White Paper on Bird's Nest Industry in China in 20 19 (hereinafter referred to as the White Paper) issued by the Bird's Nest Market Professional Committee of the National Federation of Urban Farmers' Centers on June19 shows that the compound annual growth rate of bird's nest market in China is over 30%, and the overall market scale in 20 19 is about 30 billion yuan.
The growing market also attracts more tourists. Relevant data show that at present, there are more than 6,400 bird's nest related enterprises in the state of opening, surviving, moving in and moving out under the name or business scope of "Bird's Nest" in China. Especially since 20 15, the number of registered enterprises (all enterprises) related to bird's nest in China has increased significantly, and the annual registration reached its peak in 20 18, with nearly 1400 newly added enterprises related to bird's nest.
Many experts interviewed by CBN said that the efficacy of bird's nest is not as magical as advertised by merchants, especially the evaluation standard of bird's nest-bird's nest acid is not necessary for human body. In the face of a mixed market, consumers should strengthen market supervision at the national level while strengthening their identification ability.
What is sialic acid?
In the above-mentioned bird's nest storm, professional counterfeiter Wang Hai accused Simba of selling instant bird's nest products as "sugar water". According to the test report released by Wang Hai, this kind of bird's nest contains 4.8% sucrose, 5% carbohydrate and 1.4% sialic acid, and does not contain protein and amino acids. Later, Wang Hai also responded again: "Having sialic acid does not mean that there must be bird's nest."
The biggest reason why bird's nest is sought after is its iconic component-bird's nest acid (also known as sialic acid). According to commercial propaganda, the sialic acid content in bird's nest accounts for 7% 12%, which is 50 times that of milk and 300 times that of poultry eggs, which has a good promotion effect on the development and memory of baby's brain.
In the nourishing health category of the white paper, the turnover of bird's nest accounts for nearly 30%, ranking first, surpassing Ejiao, health tea, ginseng and other categories. The main consumer groups are 25-34 years old, accounting for 5 1.95%, and women account for 75.5%.
But in fact, the sialic acid emphasized by merchants is not so magical.
"Even if you eat three to five grams of bird's nest every day, the acid intake of bird's nest is actually very small. In addition, the bird's nest itself is protein, which is mainly composed of collagen, so its nutritional value is actually far lower than that of high-protein foods such as eggs and milk. Compared with bird's nest, pregnant or lactating women should take supplements and eat more lean meat, fish and shrimp. " Kai Zhong said.
Kai Zhong also said that many ready-to-eat bird's nest on the market are produced according to canned standards, and there is no clear requirement for the content of bird's nest, so the content is also based on the manufacturer's own statement. Moreover, "it is of little significance to detect sialic acid in ready-to-eat bird's nest because it is not expensive."
Which kind of bird's nest is easier to fake?
At present, consumers can buy dried bird's nest and instant bird's nest in the market, while freshly stewed bird's nest is an independent category separated from instant bird's nest.
This time, Simba sells instant bird's nest, which has been favored by the audience for its convenience in recent years.
According to the white paper, the sales of 20 19 Tmall instant bird's nest is about1400 million yuan, accounting for about half of the bird's nest category. In June 5438+065438+ 10 of the same year, the proportion of ready-to-eat bird's nest sales exceeded that of dry bird's nest for the first time, and then it continued to rise. From 20 17 to 20 19, the compound annual growth rate of instant bird's nest exceeded 100%. In terms of freshly stewed bird's nest, the sales of 20 19 Tmall freshly stewed bird's nest is about 700 million yuan, accounting for half of the sales of traditional ready-to-eat bird's nest. From June 5438+ 10 of that year, the proportion of fresh stew completely surpassed that of ready-to-eat bird's nest.
In recent years, the number of bird's nest-related enterprises in China has continued to grow, with the annual registration reaching its peak in 20 18, and nearly 1400 new enterprises were added throughout the year. By the end of this year, more than 700 enterprises related to bird's nest have been established in China.
According to the data of Tianyancha Professional Edition, 35% of the 6,400 bird's nest related enterprises in China are individual industrial and commercial households; In addition, more than 60% of the registered capital of bird's nest related enterprises is below 6,543,800 yuan. It is worth noting that 2 1% of enterprises related to bird's nest have abnormal operations, and more than 100 enterprises have been subject to administrative punishment or serious violations. Most of these 100 enterprises are located in Fujian and Guangdong provinces, mainly established between 20 12 and 20 17, accounting for nearly 73% in the wholesale and retail industries.
For the growing bird's nest market, China has not yet issued national mandatory standards and industry standards, and only the industry has issued some reference standards.
For example, from March 2065438 to March 2008, China Medical Culture Research Association announced the establishment of a bird's nest expert committee, and issued the group standard of ready-to-eat bird's nest of China Medical Culture Research Association (hereinafter referred to as the "standard"). The standard clearly stipulates the technical requirements, inspection methods, inspection rules, labels, signs, packaging, transportation, storage and shelf life requirements of ready-to-eat bird's nest.
At the end of June this year 165438+ 10, official website, a professional committee of bird's nest market, announced that it planned to set up a bird's nest standardization technical committee of the National Federation of Urban Farmers' Centers, and said that "the bird's nest standardization committee will be the only national bird's nest industry standardization technical organization in China at present. Formulate group standards related to the bird's nest industry chain. "
Improve the registration of imported bird's nest products
The main producing areas of bird's nest are Malaysia, Indonesia and other countries. In the early bird's nest market in China, a considerable number of products entered the territory through informal channels, which had great security risks.
For Indonesian bird's nest and Malaysian bird's nest with large output, at present, China has established CIAQ traceability labels.
20 12 In April and September, the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine signed the Protocol on Inspection, Quarantine and Sanitary Conditions with the competent authorities of Indonesia and Malaysia respectively. China Bird's Nest Traceability Management Service Platform was also launched on February 25th, 20 13 65438.
Among the products purchased by consumers, every bird's nest imported through formal channels will be labeled with the CIAQ traceability label provided by the domestic inspection and quarantine department to the enterprise, which represents a formal and qualified identity.
At present, the registration of imported bird's nest products continues to advance. At the end of last year, in order to optimize and improve the current registration management system of imported food overseas production enterprises, the General Administration of Customs issued the Regulations on the Registration Management of Imported Food Overseas Production Enterprises (Draft for Comment), which has changed greatly on the basis of the original management regulations and will have a great impact on the registration of imported bird's nest production enterprises after implementation.