Rise and fall is the basic form of the development and change of all things.
Yang dominates rising, while Yin dominates sinking. Therefore, yang accumulates for the sky, yin accumulates for the ground, yin is static and yang is dry, yang generates yin, yang kills yin, yang turns into qi, and yin forms. ("Su Wen Yin and Yang should be like a big theory"). Because of the development of wood gas, the burning of internal heat, the elimination of gold gas, the precipitation of water vapor and the transportation of soil gas, the five elements have changed and the four seasons have also changed. "On Su Wen and Liu Weizhi" said: "If you go in, you will die; if you go out, you will be lonely and dangerous ... so you can go in and out without wearing anything. Those people who come in and out have endless meanings, so if they don't come in and out, the animals in the world can't grow strong and old. Up and down, there is no proper meaning. So if you don't rise or fall, there will be no growth set of plants in the world. The factors of rising and falling are infinite, and the separation of rising and falling is biochemical. This relationship reflects that although the changes in nature are endless, the internal laws of their ups and downs are unified.
In Neijing, from the perspective of constant "movement", nature, including human body, is summarized as the theory of "qi rising and falling" This understanding has concrete significance and guiding function from physiology, pathology and even treatment, and has great influence on the development of medicine in later generations.
Physiologically, "clearing yang out of the upper orifices, turbid yin out of the lower orifices, clearing yang to produce phlegm, turbid yin moving the five internal organs, clearing yang to enrich the limbs, and turbid yin returning to the five internal organs". "Yin qi comes from the lower orifices and Yang Qi from the upper orifices" (Su Wen, Yin and Yang should be alike).
Pathologically, "Yang goes up to the pole and down, while Yin goes down to the pole" (Su Wen's On Taiyin Yangming). "Clear qi is diarrhea in the lower part, while turbid qi is swelling in the upper part" (Su Wen's theory that yin and yang should be like a big one). Lifting is the basic form of human body's gasification function. The functional activities of human viscera and meridians and the metaplasia of qi, blood and body fluids depend on the ascending and descending activities of qi. The ascending and descending of lung, the ascending and descending of spleen and stomach, and the intersection of yin and yang of heart and kidney are all manifestations of qi ascending and descending movement. Therefore, abnormal lifting will lead to various diseases and even life-threatening.
Treatment is inseparable from conditioning and lifting.
For the lesions with abnormal elevation angle, it is necessary to adjust the elevation angle to restore it to normal. If you treat lung disease, you should pay attention to the declaration of descending, smooth entry and exit of lung qi, and even respiratory regulation. On the other hand, to treat cough, chest tightness and abdominal distension, we should pay more attention to regulating the rise and fall of spleen and stomach diseases, because the spleen and stomach are the foundation of the day after tomorrow and the hub of qi movement. When the spleen and stomach rise and fall normally, the Shui Gu is too delicate to be lost, and the dregs are reduced. Otherwise, it will hinder the intake and transportation of water and food, and then lead to various diseases. Therefore, "Wu Handout" said: "The method of treating the spleen and stomach is not good at lifting ... If the lifting is improper, the spleen and stomach will be injured, the cashier will lose its normal state, and the gas will be exhausted the day after tomorrow. Those who do not kill the people will have it. 」
"Anger leads to rising gas, while fear leads to falling gas." When treating liver disease, we should also pay attention to its rise and fall. If the mechanism of hair growth is inhibited, we will be depressed. So it should be treated by soothing the liver and relieving depression. Liver-qi hyperactivity, yang rising is liver-yang hyperactivity, and the treatment should be to calm the liver and suppress yang. In the treatment of nephropathy, we should pay attention to maintaining the upper and lower functions of kidney qi and complete the process of "four points of water and essence, five meridians in parallel". If the yang is insufficient, the gasification is abnormal, the lifting is abnormal, and the water and liquid stop gathering, the treatment should be to warm the yang and transform qi, and adjust the lifting of water and liquid.
Doctors of all ages have attached great importance to conditioning and lifting.
The diseases treated by traditional Chinese medicine are complicated, and the corresponding treatment methods and prescriptions are also ever-changing. Predecessors have accumulated rich experience, but it is always closely related to conditioning and lifting. Physicians in past dynasties attached great importance to conditioning and promotion in clinical practice.
Li Shizhen said: "It is natural that the sour and salty will not rise, the sweetness will not fall, the cold will not float, and the heat will not sink. But those who rise will lead to salty cold and lower coke, while those who sink will lead to wine and float to the top. It is a vivid explanation to explain the theory of ascending and descending in detail and then discuss the pathogenesis and treatment.
Banxia Xiexin Decoction, Ginger Xiexin Decoction and Glycyrrhiza Xiexin Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases are used to treat fullness syndrome caused by abnormal ascending and descending of middle energizer. The method of regulating spleen and stomach with cold and heat combined with bitter and pungent herbs, combined with Huangqin Huanglian and Xingan Jiang Banxia, adapts to the physiological characteristics of stomach cooling and spleen warming, which is quite beneficial to the recurrence of spleen and stomach rising and the elimination of fullness syndrome, and is the first method to regulate the rise and fall of spleen and stomach.
In Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Bupleurum chinense and Gulong Oyster Decoction were added, with Bupleurum chinense and Ramulus Cinnamomi rising, while Gulong, Oyster, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Scutellariae falling, to treat typhoid fever with symptoms of brain invasion, stagnant water, upper heat and lower cold. Later generations used it to treat internal injuries and miscellaneous diseases caused by liver depression and qi stagnation, dampness stagnation, loss of transport of triple energizer, and upper heat and lower cold. It can be seen that regulating the rise and fall of qi has a good effect on many diseases.
Fang Ju's Huoxiang Zhengqi Powder is composed of Huoxiang, Perilla frutescens and Angelica dahurica. It is combined with Poria, Tetrapanacis Tetrapanacis, Coicis Semen, Pinellia ternata and Magnolia Officinalis to reduce profits, clear spleen yang, release stomach turbid yin, and make the middle energizer rise and fall again, so as to treat cold and heat, abdominal distension and vomiting caused by external cold and internal dampness.
Zhang Xichun's Zhengan Xifeng Decoction, recorded in Medical Enthusiasm, is mainly used to treat dizziness caused by hyperactivity of liver yang, endogenous movement of liver wind and deficiency of upper solid and lower solid. Medicine is used to subdue yang, and heavy falling stones are used to descend it. Plastrum Testudinis and Radix Paeoniae Alba are used to nourish yin and blood, and Shen Yuan is used to nourish kidney. The main method of strengthening water is to control the sunshine, so that the yin rises and the yang falls, and the lifting effect is restored and the yin is flat.
Li Dongyuan Qingshu Yiqi Decoction, which originated from the theory of spleen and stomach, was originally designed to be used for trapping the spleen and stomach in summer and damaging the vitality in summer, so as to replenish qi and blood and clear away damp and heat. Cimicifuga rhizome, kudzuvine root combined with Alisma orientalis and Huangbai have the meaning of ascending and descending turbidity, which is not only summer-heat dampness, but also can be used for all syndromes of qi-blood yin deficiency and disorder of descending turbidity caused by damp-heat. Zhu Jinzhong, a famous doctor in Shanxi, called it "a prescription for doctors to face long". The author used it for dizziness, constipation, diarrhea, alopecia, toothache, delayed cold and so on.
In Wu Jutong's Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases, Professor Da Dingfeng is used to treat the syndrome of liver wind moving internally, warm evil that cannot be cured for a long time, and burning true yin. Yin-nourishing drugs such as Ejiao, Rehmannia glutinosa, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Black-bone tortoise plastron, Carapax Trionycis and Oyster are also the mechanisms of nourishing yin and lowering yang.
Yang Lishan's ginger powder is derived from "differentiation of cold and heat" and is used to treat "exterior and interior triple energizer overheating, and the syndrome is indescribable". In the prescription, the stiff silkworm and cicada slough are clear yang, while the turmeric and rhubarb are turbid yin, which changes each other, harmonizes the inside and outside, and eliminates the toxicity of miscellaneous air. It has a wide range of indications, and there are many effects of heat depression in qi disorder.
In the cholera theory, silkworm-borne soup is used to treat cholera vomiting and diarrhea with damp-heat and abnormal ascending and descending. Soybean yellow rolls are used to clear up, and Pinellia ternata is used to remove turbidity and diuresis, so as to restore the right of ascending and descending middle energizer.
In Clinical Guide to Medical Records, Ye used almonds to disperse the lung and relieve depression, so that damp arthralgia could be transported, and he proposed for the first time to promote dampness and strengthen the spleen. The temperature of cinnamon in Jiaotai Pill rises, and the coldness of Coptis chinensis decreases, which leads to the decrease of heart fire, kidney bearing water, and yin and yang intersecting and falling asleep. Jichuan decoction in Classic Prescription Quan Shu, Cimicifuga rhizome is weak in rising yang, and it is used together with Alisma orientalis and Fructus Aurantii to clear turbidity, warm the middle warmer and relieve constipation. Modern doctors use the theory of ascending and descending methods of Buzhong Yiqi decoction and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus descending method to treat uterine prolapse and proctoptosis.
Author Ceng Zhi, a 70-year-old woman, suffered from urinary incontinence, dysuria, abdominal distension and death, and was in great pain. Therefore, the prescription of urethral catheterization must be suspended to see her chest tightness, cough and asthma, yellow sticky phlegm, red face, red tongue and slippery pulse. The diagnosis is that phlegm-heat blocks the lung and the lung loses its vitality. Therefore, Qingfei decoction was used to reduce lung and promote diuresis, and only 2 doses were used to cure the disease. A man's urine drip after hemorrhoid operation failed, and his urgent search for catheter failed. I was in a hurry, but I still brewed it with Su Ye 15g boiling water, drank it often and tried it. I don't know. I cured the disease in less than two hours. This is all based on the lifting principle, the so-called pot lifting method.
In a word, conditioning lifting plays an important role in treatment and has been widely used in clinic for a long time. Some people advocate that "lifting belongs to eight categories", which may not be unreasonable. However, the eight principles of yin and yang syndrome differentiation of exterior and interior cold and heat have become "Fiona Fang" and "rules", which have been recognized and practiced by ancient and modern physicians. The author thinks that it is not important whether the ascending and descending belongs to the "eight categories", but the most important thing is to pay attention to regulating the ascending and descending of qi and restore the function of viscera.