Astragalus membranaceus has the effects of invigorating qi and yang, consolidating exterior and promoting granulation, and promoting diuresis and swelling. In recent years, great progress has been made in the study of its pharmacological effects, which are summarized as follows. 1 Enhancing immune function Astragalus membranaceus can enhance the phagocytosis of reticuloendothelial system, significantly increase the number of leukocytes and polynuclear leukocytes, significantly increase the phagocytosis percentage and phagocytosis index of macrophages, and promote humoral immunity and cellular immunity. After normal people take it, IgM and IgE in plasma increase obviously, and the whole grass has the best effect. Astragalus membranaceus can promote the formation of serum hemolysin, improve the hemolytic ability of plaque-forming cells, and have obvious effects of carbon particle clearance and spleen weight increase. The above effects exist in normal physiological state, and also have obvious effects when the immune function is low. Astragalus membranaceus not only can enhance immune function, but also has two-way regulation. F3, the effective component of Astragalus membranaceus, has been proved to completely restore the lymphocyte function of cancer patients in vitro, and can completely reverse the immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide in vivo animal model tests, indicating that Astragalus membranaceus may be a promising biological response regulator in immunotherapy. Astragalus membranaceus can increase the activity of natural killer cells (LAK) activated by lymphatic factor (IL-2). Effect of Astragalus membranaceus on interferon can enhance the ability of virus to induce interferon. Taking Astragalus membranaceus in cold season can not only significantly reduce the number of colds, but also make the symptoms of colds lighter and the course of disease shorter. Enhance the body's ability to resist hypoxia and stress. Astragalus polysaccharide has obvious anti-fatigue effect, can significantly prolong the swimming time and increase the weight of adrenaline in mice exhausted by hydrocortisone, has obvious tolerance to various hypoxia models in mice, can significantly reduce the whole body oxygen consumption and increase the hypoxia tolerance of tissues. Astragalus polysaccharide has obvious low temperature tolerance and can obviously prolong the anti-survival time of normal and weak mice. Promoting metabolism Astragalus membranaceus can enhance the physiological metabolism of cells, which may be achieved by regulating intracellular cAMP and cGMP. Astragalus membranaceus can also promote protein renewal of serum and liver, and promote protein metabolism, which may be another important aspect of Astragalus membranaceus' righting effect. 5 Improving heart function Astragalus membranaceus can strengthen the contraction of normal heart, especially for heart failure caused by poisoning or fatigue, which can increase the amplitude of heart contraction and increase the output of blood. 100% astragalus injection can enhance and accelerate the contraction of isolated heart. Astragalus membranaceus can improve the left ventricular function of patients with viral myocarditis and has certain antiarrhythmic effect, which may be caused by prolonging the effective refractory period. Hypotensive effect: subcutaneous or intravenous injection of Huangqi decoction, water immersion and alcohol immersion of anesthetized animals (dogs, cats and rabbits) can reduce blood pressure, with rapid effect and short duration. The hypotensive effect is the result of directly dilating peripheral blood vessels. Injecting Astragalus Injection into visceral vessels such as coronary artery, vertebral artery, superior mesenteric artery, cerebrovascular and intestinal tract in experimental dogs can reduce the vascular resistance index, but injecting Astragalus Injection into renal artery will increase the renal vascular resistance index, suggesting that the effect of Astragalus Injection on renal vessels is different from that on other parts of the blood vessels. Liver-protecting Astragalus membranaceus can prevent the decrease of hepatic glycogen and has protective effect on mice with carbon tetrachloride hepatitis. Astragalus membranaceus also had a certain effect on HBsAg negative conversion, and the difference was significant compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The clinical effective rates of chronic hepatitis with liver depression and spleen deficiency and liver-kidney yin deficiency were 92.65438 0% and 88.5%, respectively, which were better than those of the control group (P 0.05), indicating that the effective rate of treating chronic hepatitis with Astragalus membranaceus alone was not ideal. 8 Regulating blood sugar Astragalus polysaccharide has the function of regulating blood sugar in two directions, which can significantly reduce the blood sugar level of mice after glucose load, and can obviously resist the increase of blood sugar level of mice caused by adrenaline, but has no obvious effect on insulin hypoglycemia. 9 antibacterial and antiviral effects Astragalus has inhibitory effects on Shigella, pneumococcus, hemolytic streptococci A, B, C, golden yellow, lemon color and Staphylococcus albus. Astragalus membranaceus also has a certain inhibitory effect on the pathogenicity of oral virus and influenza Sendai BB 1 virus, but it has no direct inactivation effect. 10 Hormone-like Effects Astragalus has similar hormone-like effects, which can prolong the estrus of mice and have a good influence on the development of mice. 1 1 Other Astragalus membranaceus can significantly reduce the hemorheological indexes of rabbits, and its properties and strength are the same as those of Danshen injection. 100% huangqi injection can excite and contract isolated rat uterus. Astragalus injection can promote the growth of chick embryo femur in vitro. Astragalus can also promote the increase of hemoglobin, serum protein and albumin in patients with aplastic anemia.