Zhangjiajie was not called Zhangjiajie earlier, but called Qingyan Mountain. At that time, there was no family named Zhang on Qingyan Mountain. Why was it later called Zhangjiajie scenery? This matter has to start with Liang who stayed in the Han Dynasty!
According to legend, Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu, killed the heroes after pacifying the world. I think of a sentence that Han Xin, the Hou of Huaiyin, said before he died: "A sly rabbit dies, and a running dog cooks all the birds, so it is good to hide with a bow;" If the enemy country is broken, the adviser will die. " I couldn't help shivering a few times, so I wanted to follow Fan Li's example in Vietnam and hide in the Jianghu. But where to go? Entering Jianghuai is Liu's hinterland; If you want to stay in the county and seal the country, you can't stay long; Qinling Mountain, Bashan Mountain and Tiger and Leopard are in groups, which are not places for health and longevity. In the northwest, the Huns harassed him ... he thought about it and went to the south to find the red pine fairy Lord! Once upon a time, Qu Yuan, a doctor in San Lv, had been to Jingzhou and Wuling after he was released. He also left many poems for the famous mountains of Yuan and Li: "Yuan has wisdom, Li and Lan, but I dare not speak" and "Open the Heaven Gate! "I choose Xi Yun Xuan" ... I think there will be fairyland on earth, and there will be more. "
Keeping in good health is fun, so he followed the footsteps of Akamatsu and went to Tianmen Mountain. Later, I climbed Qingyan Mountain. There is another world here, which is exactly what Sean is looking for. Wonderland of the world! Since then, he has lived in seclusion here, studied Taoism, and left behind his descendants. It is said that in order to make the scenery of Qingyan more beautiful, Sean planted seven ginkgo trees in the south of Qingyan Mountain. These seven ginkgo trees grow tall and big, just like seven huge umbrellas, propping up halfway up the mountain. One day many years later, a court official named Zhang Wanchong, wearing an official robe and jacket, took a sedan chair and took his wife and children to visit Qingyan Mountain. When he saw these seven ginkgo trees standing there like giants with ulterior motives, he wanted to divide this magical land of Qingyan Mountain into his own with these seven trees as the boundary. So he invited a sculptor and asked him to carve a big word on each tree. The sculptor carved it for 7749 days, and then carved it into seven words: "Order Zhang Wan to cross the border". After the word was engraved, Zhang Wanchong looked at the skull again. While watching, he laughed: "Hey, hey, this is great, it will always be mine!" " At present, he posted a notice with the gate board, stipulating that seven ginkgo trees are the boundary, Fiona Fang Wuli, from the collapse of gongs and drums to Huangshizhai Village, from watching the sky to the collapse of horses, all traffic is prohibited, and offenders will be beheaded. Moreover, the Zhang family in the cottage will be driven away, and Zhang Wanchong will thrive in this fairy mountain! His ban forced people around him to detour to collect firewood and graze, and Zhang was displaced with his children. One day, hunter Zhang Jinshan hit a tiger and happened to pass under seven ginkgo trees. He saw yellow water flowing on every tree, like a tearful man. Zhang was surprised at first. He doesn't know why ginkgo trees shed tears. Later, when he saw the seven characters "Zhang Wanchong bound", he suddenly realized that he flew into a rage and suddenly pulled out his hunting knife. Chen Wenjing changed the word "Wan Chong" to "Jia Xiong" several times. "Chen Wenjing" come again a few times, and chop the signboard into pieces! Zhang's move was serious, and people outside Zhai Zhai Zhai cheered in unison. Only Zhang Wanchong was flustered and furious. He transferred 300 Qin Bing and surrounded the Qingyan mountain area. He arrested people everywhere, searched the mountains from all directions, but failed to catch Zhang, so he took it out on the villagers. He drove the villagers to the ginkgo tree, claiming to dye seven Chinese characters with everyone's blood. At the time of crisis, I saw trees flashing, leaves spitting clouds, branches hissing, and seven barrels of yellow water spouting from the trunk, pointing directly at Zhang Wanchong's men! In an instant, the wild waves were surging and overwhelming, and Zhang Wanchong poured into Jin Bianxi with three hundred military forces! When the villagers saw this scene, they all kowtowed to the ginkgo tree in fear and prayed for God's blessing. At this moment, I heard someone on the cloud say, "Listen, folks: This is a fairyland on earth. How can Zhang Can Wanchong, an unfilial son, run amok! My God has asked Ginkgo faerie to bury him at the bottom of the sea. This place belongs to Zhang * * * now, and it will exist forever! " After that, he pointed to the seven ginkgo trees and saw that the seven golden characters "Zhangjiajie, a fairyland on earth" immediately appeared on the seven ginkgo trees. When they looked up, they saw that the immortal looked like a scholar, with a high bun on his head, dressed in linen, a childish crane face and a sage-like style. Several knowledgeable elders in the crowd were shocked when they saw it, and said, "Isn't that my father-in-law who visited Tianmen Mountain and Qingyan Mountain with Big Fairy Akamatsu?" Hearing this, the crowd quickly bowed down and prayed. The immortal waved his sleeves, smiled and hid in the vast sea of clouds, drifting away in the direction of Huangshizhai. Because the name is lit up by the immortal Zhang, people call Qingyan Mountain "Zhangjiajie".
Zhangjiajie Tourism Map Zhangjiajie City is located in the northwest of Hunan Province, at the junction of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau uplift and Dongting Lake subsidence area, between east longitude 109 degrees 40 minutes and north latitude10 degrees 20 minutes, between north latitude 28 degrees 52 minutes and 29 degrees 48 minutes, bordering Shimen and Taoyuan County in the east, Yuanling County in the south and Hefeng and Xuan in Hubei Province in the north. The longest east-west border is 167 km, and the widest north-south border is 96 km. The city's total area is 9653 square kilometers, accounting for 4.5% of the province's area. The stratum in Zhangjiajie city is complex and diverse, which has created the local characteristic landscape.
In Zhangjiajie city, due to the influence of geography, stratum, structure, climate and many other conditions, a rich and colorful landform has been formed. Topographically, Zhangjiajie is bordered by Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west, Dongting Lake in the east, mountainous areas in western Hubei in the north and Xuefeng Mountain in the south. Its overall topography is: low in the southeast and middle, high around, and there are alluvial soil plains along the banks of Lishui River. The city has a mild climate, abundant rainfall and developed streams all year round. All the streams converge on the Lishui River and then flow into Dongting Lake from west to east for 800 miles. In the lake, there are tens of meters and hundreds of meters of sediment. Contrary to Dongting Lake, the terrain gradually rises from east to west, and there are mountains with an altitude of1500m or more such as Tianmen Mountain and Qixing Mountain in the city center. There are high mountains and low plains, which is a unique flowing water erosion landform in this area.
The occurrence of extremely thick timely sandstone in Wulingyuan Scenic Area is gentle, and the rock stratum cannot collapse along the weak part of bedding plane, covering Silurian flexible shale. Under the action of gravity, vertical joints of hard timely sandstone develop. Under the strong erosion of water, the rock stratum not only disintegrated and collapsed, but also was carried by running water. Remaining in the same place will form a strange forest with strange peaks, which is the main body of Wulingyuan scenic spot. Leo Scenic Spot in Cili County is also composed of timely sandstone in the same horizon, and the occurrence of rock stratum is relatively gentle. The top of Wutai Mountain is covered with yellow-green shale and marl, which is a water-resisting rock series and can protect the underlying sandstone from running water erosion.
Runoff erosion landform
Another outstanding performance of the urban area is that due to the rising of the earth's crust, the streams are cut down and enlarged, and it is too late to widen the rivers, resulting in valleys and canyons. The bottom of the river is very linear, with steep walls and the beach is full of water. The headwaters of Lishui River, the upper reaches of Huangshui River and Mao Yan in Zhangjiajie City are such valley landforms.
karst landform
In recent years, academic circles also call it karst landform, which is another outstanding feature of Zhangjiajie landform. It accounts for about 40% of the city's area. No matter the surface or the trunk, the deposit is well developed and is an integral part of the karst terrain development area in northwest Hunan. Sangzhi County, Cili County, Wulingyuan District and the southeast of Yongding County are the areas where this terrain develops. Gullies, troughs, stone buds and stems in surface karst topography.
Zhangjiajie-Shili Gallery Valley, Shiqiu and Shiling are all over the city. Only Shilin is rare in the urban area. Some individual stone pillars can be seen in Tianmen Mountain Scenic Area, but few forests are formed. In the northwest of Hunan, there is only a stone forest in Xiaopaiwu, Huayuan County, Autonomous Prefecture, commonly known as "stone fence", which attracts attention.
It also attracts many tourists and scholars to visit.
Morphology of underground caves and karst sediments. In Zhangjiajie, this is a must. Its cave scale, Jiutian Cave in Sangzhi County can be included in the membership cave of the World Cave Society, and it is indeed worthy of the resounding title of the first cave in Asia, which is remarkable. Jiutian Cave and Huanglong Cave in Wulingyuan District are the representatives of underground karst landforms in Zhangjiajie. They combine caves, caves, underground rivers, sinkholes and funnels. Karst deposits such as stalactites, stalagmites and stone pillars in the cave are varied and varied. It can be said that what a person thinks, sees and hears greatly expands the imagination of tourists, and it is often difficult for people to find suitable words and languages to praise her.
Zhangjiajie is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain, a branch of Wu Yun Mountains.
Enter the urban area of Zhangjiajie and divide it into three branches. The northern branch comes from Fenglongshan, Hubei Province, and has jurisdiction over Lishan, Guiying Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Sangzhi County. There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxi Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Qingyan Mountain and Maohua Street along the middle branch of Lishui North. The south branch is located between Lishui and Shui Yuan, including Qixing Mountain, Chongshan Mountain and Tianmen Mountain, and extends to Dalongshan and Tianhe Mountain in Cili County. All three branches went eastward to the alluvial plain of Dongting Lake and disappeared.
The mountains in Zhangjiajie overlap and the surface fluctuates greatly, with the highest point 1890.4m and the lowest point 75 m. Zhangjiajie has 3,000 strange peaks and 800 beautiful scenery. Most of the mountains in Zhangjiajie rise from the ground. The peaks on the mountain are steep and grotesque, or exquisite and beautiful, or terrible, or flat and gentle, or as thin as a sword. Zhangjiajie has a variety of karst landforms and rare sandstone peak forests in the world.
Wuling mountain range
It is located in the northwest corner of Hunan Province, and belongs to the eastern extension of Wu Yun Mountain in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The mountain system extends to the northeast and the top of the arc protrudes to the northwest. The uplift of the Neocathaysian tectonic belt is about 1000 meters above sea level, and the peak keeps a certain plane. The mountain shape is characterized by flat top, steep slope and deep valley. Huping Mountain, the highest peak, is 2098.7m above sea level. The landform development of Wuling mountain range is divided into three branches from Guannan. Northern branch: Bamian Mountain, Badagong Mountain, Qinglong Mountain, Dongshan Mountain and Huping Mountain distributed on the border of Hunan, Sichuan and Hubei; Unity: There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxing Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Zhangjiajie and Baiyun Mountain on the north side of Lishui main stream. The south branch extends from Guizhou to Hunan, which is the main vein of Wuling Mountain and the watershed between Lishui and Shui Yuan. All the above three mountains disappeared in Dongting Lake Plain. Wuling Mountain runs through the western part of Hunan Province and becomes a barrier for east-west traffic. However, in some areas, there are low mountain passes, such as caves, which constitute the passage for east-west traffic.
Tianmen Mountain Tianmen Mountain was called Yunmeng Mountain in ancient times, also known as Yuping Mountain. Located in the south of Zhangjiajie 10 km. In 263 AD, the cave in the upper part of the mountain was caused by the collapse of the mountain wall.
Open a door, the north and the south are connected. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Xiu, King of Wu, considered it auspicious and named it "Tianmen Mountain".
Tianmen Cave is located on the precipice at an altitude of1260m. The doorway is 13 1.5 meters high, 57 meters wide and 60 meters deep. According to the research of geological experts, the middle of the portal is an east-west stratum.
At the oblique intersection, the rock was crushed and collapsed due to extrusion, and finally a doorway was formed in 263. Tianmen Mountain is 15 17.9 meters above sea level. Because the relative height difference between the foot of the mountain and the city center is more than 1300 meters, it is particularly tall and straight, and the skyline is beautiful. It is a typical mountain.
Tianzishan
Tian Zi was named after Xiang Dakun, the leader of Tujia nationality in the early Ming Dynasty. Tian Zi is located in the north of Wulingyuan. It stretches for nearly 40 kilometers from Shenzhen Pavilion in the east to Jiangjunyan in the west. Zhangjiajie in the south and Suoxiyu in the southeast are one of the three scenic spots developed by Lingyuan.
Tianzi Mountain covers an area of 67 square kilometers, with the highest point of Feng Kun being1262m above sea level, and the lowest point occupying Sinan Valley.
Tian Zi Mountain in Zhangjiajie is 534 meters above sea level. Tian Zi is located in the hinterland of Lingyuan. It is very high and can be viewed from all angles. It has the characteristics of long sight, wide picture and rich scenery. Someone commented: "Who knows the source?" She has many peaks, high peaks and small peaks. It's really the peak outside the peak, the peak in the peak. Tian Zi is called "Cloud and Moon".
Four wonders of Xia Bai, the sun and winter snow. Yang Jiajie
Yang Jiajie is located in the west of Zhangjiajie City, adjacent to Tian Zi in the north and Yuanjiajie in the west, only 10 kilometers away from Zhangjiajie Forest Park, which belongs to the management of Zhonghu Township in Wulingyuan. The steep cliff is over 1000 meters above sea level and is one of the four core tourist attractions in Zhangjiajie. Among them, WulongZhai, Air Corridor, Mishima Ghost Gate and Bandit Nest have been included in Zhangjiajie's classic tourist routes.
Badagong Mountain
Badagong Mountain Nature Reserve is 85 kilometers away from Sangzhi County, located at the northern end of Wuling Mountain and the source of Lishui River. Its main peak, Jiaoshan, is the top of Wuling Mountain, with an altitude of 1, 890 meters. The scenic spot consists of five forest areas, namely Jiaoshan, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Tianpingshan, with a total area of 44,900 hectares. It is a national nature reserve and the largest and best-preserved virgin forest in the south of China.
Yuanjiajie
Yuan Jiajie is located at the northern foot of Shandaogou, the core of Zhangjiajie World Natural Heritage, with an altitude of 1000 meters. It is surrounded by cliffs and stands in Wuling Mountain area, just like a high platform. It is a huge and gentle mountain range, mainly composed of quartzite. There are three ways to get to Yuanjiajie: First, take the Bailong elevator directly up the mountain from Gate 4 of Shuihuan, and then transfer to Yuanjiajie by eco-car in the scenic spot. Secondly, you can take an eco-car from Tianzi Mountain for 40 minutes, and then arrive at Yuanjiajie parking lot. Third, we can break Yuan Jiajie from the chaos in the central region.
Huangshizhai
Huangshizhai, also known as Huangshizhai, was originally named Huangsizhai and Huangshizhai. It was named after a man named Huang Shigong, who lived here in seclusion in ancient times. It is the essence of Zhangjiajie tourist area, and there has always been a saying that "if you don't go to Huangshi Village, you will go to Zhangjiajie for nothing". At an altitude of 1, more than 200 meters, a platform with an area of 16.5 hectares is formed by many cliffs. Its main attractions are: Tianshu Treasure Box, Dinghai Shenzhen, Nantianyizhu, Jinhai Turtle Exploration, etc. It is the most concentrated place in Zhangjiajie and the largest aerial viewing platform in Zhangjiajie.
golden whip brook
Zhangjiajie, Jin Bianxi, Jin Bianxi is a beautiful natural stream named after Golden Whip Rock. The stream winds from west to east, and it will not stop even after a long drought. Approaching Jin Bianxi, there is green everywhere, and even the clothes reflect light green. The flowing water is gurgling, accompanied by birds singing. Walking, I suddenly feel cool, only to realize that there is a breeze blowing, and the fragrance of the bursts makes you stop and savor. In crystal clear and spotless clear water, fish swim happily, and red, green and white pebbles shine in the water. Sunlight scatters mottled shadows on the water through the forest gap, giving people a quiet beauty of enjoying nature.
Jin Bianxi is named after the Golden Whip Rock, with a total length of 5,700 meters. It passes between cliffs and peaks. The valley is lush with vegetation and the streams are clear all the year round. It is called "landscape gallery" and "fairyland on earth". There is a poem praising: "Clear water and green mountains, mountains like painting screens, people like immortals, if immortals walk in paintings, they will look up to the sky step by step." On the way, you will see a song-ordering station, and Tujia girls are ready to sing folk songs for tourists at any time. For ten dollars, they will sing for you. Of course, if you don't want to spend this money, you can also listen to other people's songs and leave after listening.
Jin Bianxi is the border of Wulingyuan, with the most beautiful scenery. After entering from the entrance of Zhangjiajie Forest Park, walk about 300 meters to the entrance of Jin Bianxi. The whole stream is 5.7 kilometers long, crossing mountains and valleys. The stream is clear and colorful, and small fish swim around it. Flowers and plants are delicious, birds are singing, and people walking by the Qingxi River are more comfortable than traveling in the world of pictorial.
Jin Bianxi walks through a deep valley, with thousands of peaks on both sides of the stream towering into the sky, lush trees and shaded by the sun. Here streams gurgle, glazed waterfalls, exotic flowers and plants coexist with rare birds and animals, forming an extremely beautiful, quiet and natural ecological environment, which is called "the most beautiful canyon in the world" and "the most poetic stream".
Four wonders of Zhangjiajie: sound, moon, shadow and light.
Strange sound: Traveling in Shentang Bay in Zhangjiajie, you will find that the bay is bottomless and mysterious. What is even more surprising is that as long as people approach the bay, the sound of beating gongs and drums and the hiss of people shouting will faintly ring in their ears, as if there were thousands of troops fighting.
Strange Moon: Every lunar month at the turn of spring and summer, when it rains for a long time at eight or nine o'clock in the evening, the full moon is red, just like the rising sun in the morning, with a red halo, illuminating He Long Park, Shijiayan and Shentang Bay. This phenomenon can last for more than an hour.
Strange Shadow: If you visit the source of Jin Bianxi, you will be surprised to find that your shadow will change from one to two and from two to three, and people will follow you, so you can go forward and backward, run left and right, and there will always be three shadows following you.
Strange light: The vast West Sea is a strange stone forest world with thousands of stone peaks. Between Shentang Bay and He Long Park, there is a 200-meter-high stone pillar, and a small stone is embedded between two stone peaks at the top of the pillar. This magical stone and stone peak shine once a year, and the light is like burning electric welding. It is full of sparks and radiant, which can illuminate the Shentang Bay area.
Ten scenic spots in Zhangjiajie
1. Eagle Whip Zhangjiajie-Grand Canyon 2. Imperial style 3. Herb-picking elderly 4. Fairy scattered flowers 5. General Rock 6. The first bridge in the world. West Sea Stone Forest 8. Magic soldiers lined up.
9. Fairy Mirror (Baofeng Lake Scenic Area) 10. Dinghai Shenzhen (Huanglongdong Scenic Area) Zhangjiajie Best Tourism Season (April-10)
Zhangjiajie has no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer, and the annual average temperature is 16.8℃, which can be described as spring all the year round. Therefore, the best time to travel in Zhangjiajie is from April to 65,438+00 every year, especially in April and 65,438+00. Zhangjiajie has the most beautiful natural scenery, and it is also the best time to travel in Zhangjiajie.
Zhangjiajie often has showers in July. When it rains, the mountain road is slippery, and there is often fog in the mountains. You need to pay attention when climbing the mountain. It is the best time to travel in Zhangjiajie at 1-2 hours after the rain. I saw the smoke, just like a fairyland. Being here is like walking in the fog. Suddenly, the sun shines from the fog, golden, and the mountains in the sun and fog are looming ... sometimes it snows in Zhangjiajie in winter. Because the infrastructure construction of the scenic spot is relatively perfect, the mountain will not be closed. In addition, because the mountain elevation in Zhangjiajie is generally above 1000m, the snow is thick and the climate on the mountain is cold. Tourists should pay attention to keep warm when traveling at this time. Zhangjiajie tourism in heavy snow is very interesting and a good time to travel.
Zhangjiajie's tourism time, the annual Spring Festival, summer vacation, National Day is the tourist season. Once the peak season comes, all the prices of food, accommodation and transportation will rise by about 50%, reaching 100%. Visitors are advised to avoid these times as much as possible. In addition, Zhangjiajie Tourism Information Network will launch holiday-featured tourist routes in time, so everyone can prepare in advance and be prepared.
Recommended scenic spots in spring: Jin Bianxi, Shili Gallery, Huanglong Cave, Baofeng Lake and Tian Zi. Jin Bianxi passes through mountains and valleys. The stream is clear, ups and downs, and small fish swim around it. Flowers and plants on both sides of the stream are delicious, birds and flowers are fragrant, and people walking by the Qingxi River are more comfortable than traveling in the world of pictorial. There are Huanglong Cave carved by water and jade in Suoxiyu Scenic Area, which is as beautiful as a fairyland, and Baofeng Lake, which is as flat as a mirror, which is a good place for sightseeing.
Recommended attractions in summer: Tian Zi, Jin Bianxi, Baofeng Lake, Yuanjiajie, Mengdong River rafting, Maoyan River rafting and whitewater slalom.
Autumn recommendation: Tian Zi, Yuanjiajie, Jin Bianxi and Fenghuang Ancient City. Tianzi Mountain is the most spectacular when it rains in Chu Qing. The rushing clouds form endless and vast landscapes, which are really beautiful. The white clouds in the West Sea are called the most beautiful scenery, especially suitable for viewing on the rooftop. There are thousands of stone peaks in this area. Stepping into the West Sea is like being in a stone Lin Haiyang. There is a poem saying: "The wonder of the West Sea is nothing more than a cloud, or a smell of its sound, or a smell of its drunkenness, like a cloud, like the sea, like smoke."
Basically, it can be said that there is no special difference in the best travel time in Zhangjiajie. Whenever you travel to Zhangjiajie, you can see the best tourist attractions, but the scenery in each season is different. Zhangjiajie red tourism
He Long's former residence, He Long Memorial Hall, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Revolutionary Base Memorial Hall, Zhangjiajie entertainment large-scale landscape musical "Tianmen Fox Fairy-New bangs chopping firewood"
Ticket prices of major scenic spots in Zhangjiajie
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park 248 Yuan Huanglong Cave Scenic Area 80 yuan Baofeng Lake Scenic Area 76 yuan Tianmenshan National Forest Park 258 Yuan Tujia Style Garden 98 yuan Dayong Fucheng Multi-ethnic Cultural Scenic Area 98 yuan Jiutian Cave Scenic Area 62 yuan Cili Jiangya Hot Spring 1 18 yuan Cili Wanfu Hot Spring 128 yuan Maoyan River Drifting 122 yuan.