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After the arrival of spring, the temperature generally rises slowly, and wheat begins to turn green and jointing. However, in some years, the temperature is often higher in early spring, and the growth and development of wheat are advanced. At this time, if there is a sudden sharp cooling weather or even frost, the developing wheat will suffer from cold damage due to the sudden drop in temperature, forming the so-called late spring cold. The damage is light, which makes the upper leaves of wheat turn yellow gradually, and seriously affects the development of florets, leading to the decrease of seed setting rate and grain number per spike, and even the plants can not heading normally, and die at seedling stage.
In order to prevent the influence of late spring cold on wheat, we should pay attention to the following points:
First, pay attention to the weather forecast, pay attention to the weather forecast at any time, and formulate detailed response plans for the possible cold weather in late spring.
Second, strengthen the management of wheat fields 1. For flourishing seedlings with an yield of more than 900,000 stems per mu, such as wheat fields with weak winter varieties, they are most afraid of "late spring cold". It can suppress and weed in time, inhibit the overground part from growing too fast, and avoid premature jointing; Before the cold current comes, it is best to spray special antifreeze foliar fertilizer, water it in time, and apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer with water. Individual fields can be lit with firewood and smoke in the upper wind mouth to prevent cold current. 2. For the vigorous growth of the first and second kinds of wheat seedlings, it is necessary to strictly control the individual growth and population expansion of wheat. 3. For the three types of seedlings with yield less than 500,000 stems per mu and tillers per plant less than 1.5, we should seize the opportunity of early heating, early watering and early fertilization to promote early greening, early growth of new roots and early growth of new tillers, so as to ensure sufficient panicle number.
Third, strengthen the remediation of frozen wheat fields 1. If fertilization and watering are not done in time before freezing, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is generally applied, and urea is 7- 10kg/ mu. 2. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate or special foliar fertilizer and adding plant growth regulators such as Tianfengsu, Zhuangfeng 'an or Shuofeng 48 1 can still cause freezing injury. Some new plant leaf cell membrane stabilizers, such as Zhuangmiaoling, can also be used to unfreeze cells and restore their growth. 3. Frozen wheat fields are more prone to pests and diseases, and should be prevented and controlled in time.
Conclusion: In order to reduce the harm of late spring cold, the following measures can be taken: First, choose varieties with good cold resistance. Generally, varieties with strong growth potential and stable development in spring have strong resistance to late spring cold. The second is late broadcast. Late sowing wheat can appropriately delay the spring development of wheat and enhance its ability to resist late spring cold. The third is to pour green water or get up in time. Production practice shows that the harm degree of late spring cold is much lower than that of wheat field without watering.
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