Longshan Scenic Area is located in Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, 8 kilometers away from the city center/kloc-0. It consists of six scenic spots, including Xianshuiyan, Longhushan, Shangqing Palace, Hongwu Lake, Mazuyan and Yingtan Mountain, with 55 scenic spots and 26 1 scenic spot, covering an area of 200 square kilometers. In addition, it also includes independent scenic spots (spots) such as Yiyang Guifeng, covering an area of 40 square kilometers.
Hushan is the eighth world natural heritage site, world geological park, national natural and cultural heritage site, national 5A-level scenic spot, national forest park and national key cultural relics protection unit in China. The whole scenic spot covers an area of 220 square kilometers, and Longhu Mountain is a typical Danxia landscape in China.
Longshan is the birthplace of Taoism in China, and its Taoist holy land, Bishui Danshan and Ancient Cliff Tomb, are also called the three wonders.
Longhu Mountain has a forest area of 62%, abundant rainfall and warm climate. The content of air negative ions in Longhu Mountain Scenic Area is 15 times higher than normal, and it is one of the top natural oxygen bars in China. In September, 2000, it was awarded the title of China Natural Oxygen Bar. China National Tourism Administration is the best global tourism destination of the year.
On February 4th, 2008, the Department of Culture and Tourism of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region announced that from the end of the epidemic and the reopening of scenic spots to February 3rd, 2008, state-owned A-level scenic spots and some non-state-owned scenic spots in the whole region will implement a free opening policy for medical workers and their families.
2. Introduction of Longhu Mountain tourist attractions in Yingtan
Located 20km south of Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, Longhu Mountain is the birthplace of Taoism in China and a national key scenic spot. Covering an area of 200 square kilometers, the whole area is known as the fairy capital and a blessed land on earth. Long-standing Taoist culture, unique Bishui Danshan and ancient cliff tombs with a long history and rich unearthed cultural relics constitute three unique natural and human landscapes of Longhu Mountain. China's classic "The Water Margin": When Zhang Tianshi prayed for the plague for the first time, Tai Wei Hong mistakenly broke into the demon and described the scenery here in vivid language: "Feng Wan is beautiful, and a million valleys contend." . Waterfalls fly obliquely and vines hang upside down. See through the cloud mark from a distance, and see the soul swallow the bright moon from a close distance. You can climb the 99 peak, climb the dragon and tiger, and enjoy the ethereal picture in the raft for more than 20 years. Looking for the ruins of Shi Tian, paying homage to the Taoist ancestral temple, exploring the secret boundary of cliff tombs, overlooking the dragon and tiger jumping, observing the simple folk customs, seeing the scenery and seeing it interesting, pleasing to the eye and beautiful. Longshan, formerly known as Yunjin Mountain, was born in the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The first generation of Zhang Tianshi Daoling people came here for nine days to make an alchemy. After being refined into an elixir, the dragon and tiger saw it, hence the name this mountain. Later, Zhang Daoling sincerely practiced Buddhism and founded Taoism. He has successively won the Huangdi Jiuding Dan Jing and Taiqing Dan Jing, and he has written Two Notes on Old Xiangzi as an explanation, and based on this, he preached in Shu. He won people's love by using the charm of water to cure diseases and eliminate disasters. Shi Tian's family has been passed down for 63 generations, lasting for more than 1900 years. It is the oldest Taoist school in China and has a wide influence among the people of China. It is called Beikong (Confucius) and Nanzhang (Zhang Tianshi). Shitianfu, Shangqing County, Longhu Mountain, which is well preserved up to now, covers an area of more than 30,000 square meters, with magnificent buildings and still has more than 6,000 square meters of ancient buildings. The conference department is exquisitely carved and painted with cinnabar, which is antique and charming. It was awarded the title of Prime Minister, the former residence of many emperors and a real person in history, and has always been honored as a Taoist ancestral temple. The Great Shangqing Palace, which appointed the Hundred Gods, was founded in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This is the temple of Shi Tian's ancestor Zhang Daoling, referred to as the Shangqing Palace. During the flourishing period of Taoism, there were Taoist temples 10, 24 Taoist temples and 36 Taoist temples. The town demon well in the magic palace is
Many literati in history have been here, reciting poems and painting, and living forever. The cliff tomb in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which lasted for more than 2,600 years, is another unique landscape in Longhu Mountain Scenic Area. Cliff tombs are widely distributed, numerous, dangerous in location, peculiar in shape and rich in cultural relics, making them the best in China. Longshan has a superior geographical position. Yingtan is the transportation hub of southern China, with Xia Ying, Anhui, Jiangxi, zhejiang-jiangxi railway, National Highway 320, National Highway 206 and Gongdian-Hippo Chef-Xixi Highway running through the whole territory. There are more than 80 departure trains every day, which provides great convenience for tourists. It takes only two hours to drive from Nanchang airport, and you can board the plane directly to inland areas and overseas areas such as Hong Kong. Longshan is adjacent to Wuyishan in the east, Huangshan, Lushan and Jingdezhen in the south, and Xiamen seaside, Jinggangshan and Shaoshan in the west. You can visit it for several days in a row. In recent years, there has been an endless stream of tourists from home and abroad. Tourists come here to enjoy the scenery, Taoist disciples come here to record, archaeologists come here to explore the wonders, and Longhu Mountain is famous far and near. Compared with Confucius, the Shangqing Palace in Shi Tianfu is one of the largest and oldest Taoist temples in China, and it is also the place where Shi Tian worships Grand Priest and the Supreme Court. Due to the large amount of gold and silver allocated by emperors in the past dynasties, there were 24 halls and 36 courtyards in its heyday. Most of the palaces in Shangqing were destroyed. Up to now, there are still Fudimen, Jiuqu Lane, Maxia Pavilion, Bell Tower, Dragon and Tiger Fairy Peak, Yumen Hall, Dongyin Courtyard and Ming Stone Carvings. Tianshifu is one of the best preserved feudal mansions in China and one of the largest Taoist buildings in China. Tianfu is divided into three parts, namely, the road construction ahead with Sanmen as the main body; The middle road building with the theme of private saving; West Road Building with Wanfa Tang Zong as its theme. This Shi Tian Mansion is comparable to the Confucius House in Qufu in scale, historical value and artistic value. The highlight of the trip to Longhu Mountain is a boat trip to Shangqinghe (also known as Luxi River) at the foot of Longhu Mountain. 30 Li Long, picturesque, canoeing to see the scenery on both sides of the strait, similar to visiting the Lijiang River. Mountain rock and fairy rock have their own wonders to swim to Qinghe. The most beautiful scenery is the place called Mink and Fairy Rock. The scenic spots of this rock include Guzhan ruins, pavilions, Panqiyan, Jade Wall Flying, Fairy Flower Appreciation, Fairy Comb Stone, Strange Stone, Sword Trial Stone, First-line Fairy Stone, Lotus Stone, Xiantao Stone, Male and Female Stone, Shigu Stone, etc. You can see some scenes on the boat; Some of them had to abandon the ship and go ashore to see it. Pei Yan includes Twenty-four Rock and Han Xianyan Rock. Some landscapes can only look up, not close-up, while others need to hover along the mountain to appreciate their characteristics. On the steep rock walls of Ren Xian Rock and Shuiyan Rock, there are many caves with countless coffins. It is called Shenting Hanging Cliff Tomb Museum. These cliff tombs in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,600 years ago are one of the wonders of Longhu Mountain. Longshan Scenic Area is a typical Danxia landform area in China. In addition to the above landscapes, there are Elephant Trunk Mountain, Yashi Mountain, Zhangjiashan Mountain, Mazuyan and other landscapes. Xiangshan is located in the center of Longhu Mountain Scenic Area, 3 kilometers away from Longhu Mountain. It was named Xiangshan because the cliff looks like an elephant's head and the curved and suspended boulder looks like an elephant's nose. To travel to Longhu Mountain, you can take a train to yingtan, and then take a bus from yingtan. Hushan is 20 kilometers away from Yingtan City. Yingtan has convenient transportation. After arriving in yingtan, you can take a bus to Longhu Mountain or stay in yingtan. Longhu Mountain is located in the southern suburb of Yingtan City. Longhushan Tourism Development Company has reception facilities, which can arrange accommodation and sightseeing for tourists. Longhu Mountain can be a one-day tour or a two-day tour. Yingtan Longhushan Scenic Area Administration, yingtan Tourism Development Company, Overseas Chinese Hotel and Coach Station are all located in yingtan Jiaotong Road. Yingtan's local products are
1. Taoist culture 2. Qingshui and Danshan 3. Longhu Mountain, the mystery of cliff tomb, formerly known as Yun Jinshan, is located in Longhu Mountain Scenic Area, 20 kilometers southwest of Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province. It is the birthplace of Taoism in China and the ancestral temple of a school of Taoism. In the history of Taoism in China, it has the status, function and great influence of connecting the past with the future. Longhushan Scenic Area * * * has 99 peaks, 24 rocks and 108 scenic spots, with a landscape area of about 200 square kilometers. Long-standing Taoist culture, unique clear water and Dan Mountain, and large-scale cliff tombs constitute three unique natural and human landscapes in Longhu Mountain Scenic Area. The transportation in Longshan is very convenient, which provides great convenience for tourists. Besides, Wuyishan is in the east, and Huangshan, Lushan and Jingdezhen, the capital of porcelain, are in the north. It is also convenient to visit several scenic spots together. Ten Scenes of Donghu Mountain: A nun can walk on the back of a monk, a fairy can wear no lotus flowers, a peach can't eat peaches, and a spoon can. Without sitting in the hall, wearing brocade, playing sword, playing stone drums and trying to comb, you can't see any scenic spots on Longhu Mountain: Xiannv Rock can. I can't see any scenic spots. Guifeng Fairy Rock, the cliff tomb of Shangqing Ancient Town in Tianshifu, runs from the foot of Longhu Mountain to the west along Luxi River. The Qingxi here winds in the mountains, with strange peaks lying across the blue waves and beautiful scenery in the four fields. It is called the Little Lijiang River.
There are all kinds of rocks on both sides of the river, such as jade combs on the water, scattered flowers of the goddess, jathyapple of apricot trees and deer snow on the stone beach. Most of them are lifelike.
There is a water rock at the end of Twenty-four Rock, which is a big hole by the stream and can accommodate hundreds of people.
The water in front of the cave is clear, and the river hangs on the top of the cave. It's really creepy to stand at the mouth of the cave. Tianshifu Tianshifu, located in Shangqing Town, is the residence of Zhang Tianshi in past dynasties. Originally built at the foot of Longhu Mountain, it was moved to Shangqing. Zhang Tianshi's surname S was passed down to the 63rd generation, which was the longest time that China was canonized by the emperor. Folk, Confucius in the north, Zhang Tianshi in the south. The municipal government covers an area of 50,000 square meters, with more than 500 houses, pavilions, winding paths, towering ancient trees, quiet environment and beautiful scenery.
It not only retains the specifications of traditional yamen in China, but also has some characteristics of feudal yamen, and maintains a distinctive Taoist orthodox style in layout. Every year on June 5438+1early October, the Dragon and Tiger Mountain Taoist Culture Festival will be held here, and visitors can watch the performances of the Taoist Dharma Association. Mosquito-free Village is located in the salt water rock area of Luxi River. There is a village called Mosquito-free Village in Joe. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on one side, with lush trees and bamboo. It is warm in winter and cool in summer here, just like a paradise.
It is said that Zhang Tianshi is a filial mother. Every summer, in order to protect my mother from mosquito bites, I keep repelling mosquitoes for her. So far, there are no mosquitoes in this village. Shangqing Ancient Town Shangqing Ancient Town has a history of thousands of years. It belongs to Longhu Mountain Scenic Area, 25 kilometers away from yingtan City. The ancient town is built by water, surrounded by mountains and has a beautiful natural environment. There are many places of interest in this ancient town. Shangqing Ancient Street is about 2 kilometers long, with Changqing Square, Family Temple, Tian Shifu, Land, Tianyuan Deyao Store, Catholic Church and other attractions.
The diaojiao building and the boat pier along the river make the town look like a water town in the south of the Yangtze River. There are Shangqing Palace and Dongyue Palace in the east of the town, and Guizhou Village, the hometown of Xia Yan, the prime minister of Ming Dynasty, is on the other side of Luxi River. Four kilometers away from the ancient town, there is Tianmen Mountain Eco-tourism Zone, where there are virgin forests, waterfalls and some ancient houses. Hundreds of cliff tombs more than 2,600 years ago were scattered on the cliffs of Cl.
At present, there are 39 coffins, 16 with complete human bones, and more than 200 pieces of various pottery, celadon, silk and linen fabrics, musical instruments, wooden and bamboo utensils, etc. Has been excavated, some of which are rare treasures. After identification, these tombs are all tombs in the early Warring States period. The miracle of hanging coffins in salt water rocks has aroused great interest of archaeologists at home and abroad, and has become the research base of ethnology, folklore and cultural relics archaeology in China. At present, there are antique hanging coffins in the area. You can go and have a look. Gui Guifeng drove from Longhu Mountain in an hour. According to legend, this used to be the Dragon Palace in the East China Sea. There are many stone turtles here, all facing east. Therefore, tourists can tell the head by looking at the tortoise after entering the mountain. The strangest thing is that a little turtle on Admiralty Mountain has the function of forecasting the weather. There is a local saying called golden bell cap. If you don't wear it, the flood will not rain. The main scenic spots in Guifeng Scenic Area include Tiangou eating ribs, three visits to the old man peak, the boy worshipping Guanyin, the leader peak, and the eagle catching chickens. And cultural landscapes such as the ruins of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom wall and the Kuomintang villa. The location of the Journey to the West series is here. If there is an opportunity, you might as well pay a visit.
3. Introduction to Longhu Mountain in Yingtan
Longhu Mountain is located 20 kilometers southwest of Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, of which Tianmen Mountain is the highest, with an altitude of 1300 meters. Famous Taoist mountains. In the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling, the founder of Zhengyi School, was an alchemist here. According to legend, Danhua became a dragon and tiger, hence the name. Tianmen Mountain is the highest, with an altitude of 1300m. Hushan is the eighth world natural heritage site, world geological park, national natural and cultural heritage site, national AAAAA tourist area and national key cultural relics protection unit in China. Tiger Mountain is a typical Danxia landscape in China and the birthplace of Taoism in China. It joined the World Geopark Network in 2007. Longshan Danxia landform is two Danxia mountain bodies developed in the middle of Xinjiang basin in southeast China, which are composed of massive red glutenite formed by continental alluvial fans in late Cretaceous. According to Taoist classics, the Three Kingdoms or the fourth generation of Sun in the Western Jin Dynasty settled in Longhu Mountain. Since then, the descendants of Zhang Tianshi have been living in Longhu Mountain, which has been passed down for 63 generations and lasted for more than 1900 years. 20 10 On August 2nd, the World Natural Heritage List of Longhu Mountain and Guifeng Mountain was listed. In 2008165438+1October 19 won the word-of-mouth award of the year as a tourist destination.
4. Introduction of Longhu Mountain Scenic Area in Yingtan
Aviation: Longhushan to Fujian Wuyishan Airport116km, Nanchang Airport120km.
Waterway: You can reach Poyang Lake by boat.
Traffic Guide from yingtan to Longhu Mountain
There is a shuttle bus to Longhu Mountain Scenic Area in yingtan Railway Station Square (to the left of the exit direction), which takes about 15 minutes. From the bus station to the railway station, you can take a bus or take a taxi (the starting price is within 4 yuan).
There are two kinds of cars, please don't take them by mistake:
One is yingtan Shangqing, which goes directly to Shangqing scenic spots, such as Dashang Shangqing Palace, Shangqing Bamboo Raft Rafting Pier, Shangqing Ancient Town and Tianshifu. The journey is about 30 kilometers.
Another kind of Yingtan Longhu Mountain (K2 line, the left side of the railway station exit) goes directly to Longhu Mountain Tourist Center, and the fare is three yuan. Tourist attractions include Xianshuiyan Raft Tour, Justice View, Renxian City, Elephant Trunk Mountain, Father of the Earth, Mother of the Earth, Shuihu Film and Television Base, etc. The journey is about 20 kilometers. /d 009 B3 de 9c 82d 15884 f 43564870 a 19d 8 BD 3 e 42 f 4
5. Introduction of Longhu Mountain Tourism in Yingtan
One-day Tour of Turtle Peak in Longhu Mountain Scenic Area Turtle Peak is located on the south bank of Nanxin River in Yiyang County, 35 kilometers west of yingtan, between Sanqingshan Mountain, Longhu Mountain and Wuyishan Mountain. There are thirty-six peaks and eight scenic spots in Guifeng. Guifeng, formerly known as Guifeng, is named after the overlapping of rocks such as turtles. Tianmen Mountain Tianmen Mountain is located 5 kilometers south of Shangqing Town, with the highest peak elevation of 1300 meters. Tianmen Mountain is a volcanic landform in the Late Jurassic. The whole scenic spot has steep slopes and deep valleys, many strange rocks, dense forests and majestic heights. Golden Gun Peak Golden Gun Peak is located in the east of Swan Lake, also known as Jieshi and Chu Jiu Stone. Jinding is118m above sea level, and the peak column is about 60m high. Xiangshan Xiangshan is a penetrating landscape in Liang Shi, which has been eroded and weathered by rain for a long time, resulting in ruins. Hanging in the air about 100 meters high, the whole mountain is pumping water like a huge stone elephant. Paiya Peak Paiya Peak is about 2 kilometers long and the highest peak is 267.5 meters. Paiya Peak is composed of many groups of peaks, which is a cluster landscape formed by long-term water erosion. The mountain is long and narrow from north to south, with the highest peak at 267.5 meters above sea level. The peaks from north to south mainly include Sanqing Lundao Peak in the north, Bajie Mengxian Peak, Carp Peak, Champion Peak, Candle Peak in the middle and Qiao Feng Avenue in the south.
6. Tour guide of Longhu Mountain Scenic Area in Yingtan
Tickets for Longhu Mountain can be bought online or at the ticket office of the scenic spot.
Hushan, located in guixi city, 20 kilometers southeast of Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, is the orthodox ancestral temple of Taoism. In the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling, the founder of Zhengyi School, was an alchemist here. According to legend, Danhua became a dragon and tiger, hence the name.
According to Taoist classics, the Three Kingdoms or the fourth generation of Sun in the Western Jin Dynasty settled in Longhu Mountain. Since then, the descendants of Zhang Tianshi have been living in Longhu Mountain, which has been passed down for 63 generations and lasted for more than 1900 years. 20 10 On August 2nd, Beijing, Longhu Mountain and Guifeng Mountain were included in the World Natural Heritage List.
7. One-day tour of Dragon and Tiger Mountain in Yingtan
The whole journey from Longhu Mountain to Sanqing Mountain.
Longshan to yingtan: 18km, yingtan to Shangrao: 100km, Shangrao to Sanqingshan: 92km.
Whole journey: 2 10 km. The driving time is about 3 hours.
Sanqingshan ticket: 150 yuan, insurance 5 yuan, Sanqingshan Jinsha cableway, and upper and lower tickets: 125 yuan (upper 70 yuan, lower 55 yuan). Cable car insurance is in 5 yuan.
Accommodation at the foot of Castle Peak, Nongjiale Hotel 100- 150 yuan, 300-500 yuan Star Hotel.
Better scenic spots in Sanshan:
Four Spring Goddess, Mountain Monty Pythons Spamalot, Penguin Sacrificing Peach, Fox Biting Chicken, Jade Girl Laughing, Guanyin Enjoying Music, First Meeting, Love of Life and Death, Crocodile Stone, Tianmen Mountain Peak, Xihai Plank Road, Sanqing Palace and Yujingfeng.
I'm from Sanqingshan, and I-I'm happy to answer your questions about Sanqingshan.
We will send you a map and explain it to you at the foot of the mountain by appointment.
You can go to Sanqingshan for travel consultation, book hotels, book food, book tour guides, book cars, pick up a group of donkey friends, rent tents and so on.
8. Tickets for Longhu Mountain Scenic Spot in Yingtan
Longhu Mountain is located in Guixi, not Moon Lake. It is located in guixi city, Jiangxi Province (managed by Yingtan City), 20 kilometers away from Yingtan City. National AAAA scenic spot. It is the birthplace of Taoism in China and a national key scenic spot. It joined the World Geopark Network in 2007. Longhu Mountain is a project of Danxia in China. Approved by the State Council in 2009, China recommended it to UNESCO World Natural Heritage Center. It is the only World Heritage application project in China on 20 10. Longshan is the orthodox ancestral temple of Taoism. In the history of Taoism in China, it has the status, function and great influence of connecting the past with the future. Hushan, formerly known as Yunjin Mountain, is Xiushui Lingshan, unique to Jiangnan. The peaks here stretch for dozens of miles, and to the west is a branch of Xiangshan (Yingtianshan Mountain).
According to legend, ninety-nine dragons gather here, and the mountain shape is like a dragon plate, like a tiger habitat, and the dragons and tigers compete for each other. Shangqingxi floats from the far east, walks slowly along the mountain, turns around the mountain and peaks, like taking a nap, loving the scenery, crossing the beach in white, welcoming the beach in green, whispering or meditating softly. There are ninety-nine peaks and twenty-four rocks, and the water is soft. The streams around the mountains and peaks are full of masculinity of ninety-nine dragons, green mountains and green waters, and full of spirituality. Soon, Lingshan Xiushui was attracted by the gods, that is, two cranes were sent to guide Zhang Daoling and his disciples to enter and leave the mountain forest for alchemy. The mountain god thinks that dragons and tigers appear instead of brocade. Since then, there have been beautiful mountains and rivers, and Taoist culture is among them. It ranks first among the famous Taoist mountains and is known as the first fairyland of Taoism. After the completion of the alchemy in Longhu Mountain, Zhang Daoling, Shi Tian, Shi Sheng, the fourth generation of Zhang Tianshi in the late Han Dynasty, has lived here, guarding Longhu Mountain to seek immortality and art, sitting in the Qing Palace to give lectures and preach dharma, and living in Shitianfu to cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's character. They inherited the Taoist tradition of 63 generations and maintained it for over 1800 years. Thanks to the feudal dynasty, they were the best officials, which formed the cultural history of China's hereditary south. Shanggong and Han Tianfu have been given silver for many times by successive dynasties, and have been expanded and maintained for many times. The building area, scale, layout, quantity and specifications of Kung Fu are the highest in the history of Taoist architecture. In its heyday, Hushan built more than 80 Taoist temples, 36 Taoist temples and several Taoist temples. It is a veritable Taoist capital and a Taoist kingdom in the world. In addition, Xiangshan Academy in Yingshan, Longhu Mountain Scenic Area, is the birthplace of Epiphany School in China's ancient philosophy; Jinlong Mazuyan is one of the greatest Zen masters in Zen history, where Mazu Taoism participated in Zen and realized Taoism in the early days. The salt cliff tomb is a miracle in the history of burial custom in China. Fairy flowers are the first scenic spot in Taoism, the first scenic spot in the world, and so on. 755-79000: Longhushan experienced Wei, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties, and a generation was admiring and admiring it. If the mountains and rivers prevail, the palaces are gorgeous, the figures are numerous, the gods of the Tao are good, and the nobles are remarkable.
It has been circulating for 1000 years, and I admire those who want to be beautiful, or the beauty in poetry and prose falls from the stone. Longshan has accumulated rich Taoist cultural heritage for thousands of years. It is a prominent ancestor in the history of Taoism in China and has contributed to the development of Taoism in China. It is recognized as the first mountain of Taoism and has a very important position in the history of world religions. In recent years, Longhu Mountain Scenic Area has vigorously strengthened the excavation and construction of Taoist cultural connotation, and launched a "one bird tour" route to get a panoramic view of Taoism, so as to understand the general situation of Taoism and appreciate the grandeur of Taoist ancestral temples. This paper introduces a spiritual journey route to visit Taoist fairyland to understand the core idea of Taoism advocating inaction and nature. In addition, the route of thinking about the wonders of cliff tombs for the purpose of exploring Zhang Daoling has been launched, Taoism has been established, various facilities have been improved, and various measures have been taken to make the holy place of Longhu Mountain a paradise, shaking off dust, rising purple, welcoming guests from all over the world, doing good deeds to ward off evil spirits and benefiting the people. It is praised by the tourism industry as the first tour of Taoist pilgrimage.