Zhangjiajie, formerly known as Dayong, is the seat of Gu Yong County. As early as the late primitive society in Zhangjiajie, ancestors began to thrive on both sides of the Lishui River. In the Yao and Shun era, "Shun Fang fought around Chongshan to become that pretty", so there was a saying of "that pretty" in the history of China. In 22 1 BC, Qin Shihuang established a county, and Zhangjiajie belonged to Cigu County, Qianzhong County. The county was ruled by Guantaping, Cili County (now Taiping Village, Jiangjiaping Township). In the sixth year of Yong 'an (AD 264), Wu Jing Emperor of the Three Kingdoms, Song Liang County was named Tianmen Mountain, and Tianmen County was established. Until the Northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to Zhuozhong County and Linli County of Tianmen County. Dayong County was established in Ming Dynasty 1369, and Yongding County was established in the 13th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1735). 1949 Jiefang to 1988, Cili County belongs to Changde District. By the end of 1988, Dayong and Sangzhi were under the jurisdiction of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. 1May, 988, Dayong City, a provincial city, was established with the approval of the State Council. 1April, 1994, the prefecture-level Dayong City was renamed Zhangjiajie City. Zhangjiajie is named after Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, which is famous at home and abroad. Zhangjiajie City is located in the northwest of Hunan Province, at the junction of Guizhou Plateau uplift and Dongting Lake subsidence area, between east longitude 109 degrees 40 minutes and north latitude10 degrees 20 minutes, and north latitude 28 degrees 52 minutes to 29 degrees 48 minutes. Zhangjiajie is adjacent to Shimen and Taoyuan County in the east, Yuanling County in the south and Hefeng and Xuanen in Hubei Province in the north. The east-west boundary of Zhangjiajie is the longest 167 km, and the north-south boundary is the widest 96 km. Zhangjiajie has a total area of 9653 square kilometers, accounting for 4.5% of the province's area. The landscape structure of Zhangjiajie city is complex, mainly including mountains, karst, hills, hills and plains. The mountainous area accounts for 76% of the total area, among which the most distinctive is the rare seasonal sandstone peak forest landform in the world. The city is high in the northwest and inclines to the southeast along the Lishui River. Wuling Mountain is a branch of Wu Yun, Guizhou. After entering the urban area of Zhangjiajie, it is divided into three mountain systems running through the city. The mountains in Zhangjiajie overlap and the surface fluctuates greatly, with the highest point 1890.4m and the lowest point 75 m. The urban terrain is mainly mountainous, with higher terrain in the northwest and inclined along the Lishui River. The central part of the city gradually becomes lower to the northeast along the banks of the Lishui River, and the mountains in the south gradually descend to Shui Yuan. Wuling Mountain Range extends from Wu Yun Mountain in Guizhou to Zhangjiajie City and is divided into three branches. The northern branch comes from Fenglongshan, Hubei Province, and has jurisdiction over Lishan, Guiying Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Sangzhi County. There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxi Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Qingyan Mountain and Maohua Street along the middle branch of Lishui North. The south branch is located between Lishui and Shui Yuan, including Qixing Mountain, Chongshan Mountain and Tianmen Mountain, and extends to Dalongshan and Tianhe Mountain in Cili County. All three branches went eastward to the alluvial plain of Dongting Lake and disappeared. Zhangjiajie is famous for its unique tourism resources. Wulingyuan Scenic Area consists of Zhangjiajie, Hetianzi Mountain and Suoxiyu, the first national forest park in China, covering an area of 369 square kilometers. The area is dominated by the world's rare seasonal sandstone peaks, forests and valleys, integrating the beauty of Guilin, the wonder of Huangshan Mountain, the danger of Huashan Mountain and the glory of Mount Tai, and integrating secluded roads, small bridges, caves, lakes and waterfalls to "expand bonsai and shrink the fairy mountain". Zhangjiajie is a treasure house of biological resources, with 850 species of woody plants 106 families, 320 genera and 46 species of vertebrates/kloc-0. Among them, there are 56 species of plants and 40 species of animals under state protection. Rare tree species include Ginkgo biloba, Davidia involucrata, Taxus chinensis and cherry blossoms. Precious medicinal materials include Ganoderma lucidum, Gastrodia elata, Polygonum Multiflori Radix and Eucommiae Cortex. Rare animals include giant salamander, unicorn, Sumen antelope, South China tiger, clouded leopard, macaque, civet and so on. Zhangjiajie is rich in forest resources, and the forest land area of the whole city is 10 12 mu, accounting for 7 1%. The forest coverage rate reached 64.6 1%, ranking first in the province. The city has implemented the "beautification, lighting and purification" project, with per capita green space 1.55 square meters, which is an ideal eco-tourism area and international holiday resort. Zhangjiajie, located in the mid-northern latitude, belongs to the prototype of monsoon humid climate in the mid-subtropical mountainous area, with abundant light and heat, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period, short severe cold period and distinct four seasons. The average sunshine, temperature and precipitation over the years are about 65438 0.440 hours, 65438 0.6 degrees and 65438 0.400 mm respectively, and the average frost-free period over the years is 265438 0.6 days to 266. Such a climate is conducive to the all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery. However, influenced by topography, landforms and other factors, China's climate is complex and changeable, and natural disasters such as drought, floods, strong winds and hail are also frequent. The elevation of Zhangjiajie city is183m, and the average elevation of scenic spots is1000m. Because of this difference, the temperature difference between day and night can reach 65438 00℃. In Zhangjiajie, there are Tujia, Bai, Miao and Hui ethnic minorities, with a total population of more than 700,000, accounting for about 50% of the city's total population. Among ethnic minorities, Tujia has a large population, followed by Bai, Miao and Hui. Besides. There are Manchu, Dong, Yao and other ethnic minorities. I have long heard of Zhangjiajie, Tian Zi, Suoxiyu and Yang Jiajie in Hunan. Their beautiful scenery and reputation have long been famous at home and abroad. Now, Yuan Jiajie, another scenic spot also located in Wulingyuan, is presented to the world. Recently, I was lucky enough to witness this fairyland on earth, beautiful peaks and dangerous cliffs. Yuanjiajie is located between Zhangjiajie and Tianzi Mountain, with an altitude of 1000 meters. Surrounded by steep walls hanging rocks, it stands in Wuling Mountain area, just like a plateau protruding from the flat ground, which is spectacular. However, it only took me two minutes to get to Yuanjiajie from the foot of the mountain! Don't mistake me for a scud. In fact, I took the White Dragon Sightseeing Ladder. Speaking of Bailong ladder, it can be said that it is a perfect combination of natural landscape and man-made miracle. Bailong ladder is located in the scenic spot of Shuihuan Temple Gate in Zhangjiajie, a world natural heritage. It has three laurels: "the world's highest fully exposed outdoor elevator", "the world's highest double-decker sightseeing elevator" and "the world's largest and fastest passenger elevator", which is unique in the world. Bailong ladder is magnificent, with a vertical height difference of 335 meters and a running height of 326 meters. Its main body consists of154m mountain shaft and172m steel structure attached to the mountain. Three double-deck fully exposed sightseeing elevators run in parallel and separately, successfully connecting Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Jin Bianxi, Shuirao Gate 4, Yuanjiajie Tianxia 1 Bridge, Wulongzhai and Tian Zi. It has become an important tourist attraction in the scenic spot. People move with the ladder, and the ladder walks with the mountain, and the field of vision is getting wider and wider. Blue sky and white clouds, strange peaks and rocks, fairy fog, passionate. In less than two minutes, the beauty of Yuan Jiajie was presented. About 800 meters to the east, there is a path winding south to the top platform of Wuyan. Looking around on the platform, you can get a panoramic view of thousands of scenes. The stone pillars of the rock peak are strange and wonderful. Just in time for the fine weather after the rain, I saw light clouds and fog floating between the peaks, but I saw the mountains moving and the peaks diving, just like the jade pavilion in Qionglou, and I was fascinated for a while, and I didn't know where I was. I finally understand why this place has the reputation of "ecstasy platform". Try to stand on the cliff of "ecstasy table", just like "people walking on the wall, clouds floating under their feet". This is not the most beautiful scenery. Walking along the top of the cliff, I saw a natural stone bridge flying over the top of two peaks, which was magnificent. This is the "No.1 Bridge in the World", which is also called "Zhangjiajie" with the couple rock. The first bridge in the world is a natural stone bridge, located in the area of Shadaogou tourist line, which is the essence of Zhangjiajie. Nature is ingenious, a natural stone slab with a width of only 3 meters and a thickness of about 5 meters is hung and embedded between two peaks, cleverly connecting the east and west peaks. The bridge is 20 meters long, with a span of about 50 meters and a relative height of nearly 400 meters. It is the highest stone bridge in Zhangjiajie, and it is called "the first bridge in the world" because of its height, span and rare adventures in the world. The pine trees on the bridge are tall and straight, the clouds under the bridge are rippling and the abyss is endless. Surrounded by cliffs, water droplets splash. When you walk on the bridge deck, you can't help feeling the wind. Holding the iron railing, looking up, the Qingfeng-xiangguang fracture is shrouded in clouds; Overlooking, the strange peaks are like bamboo shoots, and the smoke billows in the deep valleys of rocks, scattered and gathered. The first bridge in the world is still hung with many infatuated men and women's concentric locks. Climbing to the next higher bridge platform, I saw a touch of spring water floating down from the cliff top more than 200 meters high, like a white horse falling from the sky. There are deep pools, clear water and long mist under the waterfall, and the bridge hangs over the cliff, which is majestic and steep. Sure enough, there is a hidden landscape called "Back Garden" at the junction of Zhong Ping and Xia Ping in Yuanjiajie. The tourists were walking in the bamboo forest between the cliffs when they were suddenly blocked by a stone wall. I was wondering if there was nothing I could do, but I saw a full moon-like white stone open in a corner of the cliff and passed through the door. In front of me, dozens of strange peaks stand in the deep dark green stream. Among the green valleys, there are many stone peaks, lingering streams, towering old trees and cold clouds on the ground, just like a natural bonsai. There are hundreds of stone peaks, which rise into the sky and lie flat, ups and downs, and set each other off. In Yuanjiajie, there are not only stony streams and high waterfalls, but also lush bamboo forests and hanging pine trees. Because of abundant water resources and dense forests, the air is extremely fresh. The latest measurement shows that the forest coverage rate in Yuanjiajie is as high as 98%, and the dust content and bacteria content in the air are particularly low, but the oxygen content is very high. The number of negative ions in some areas has reached nearly 50,000, which is about 500 times higher than the usual environment. It is like a huge "natural oxygen bar", which is very suitable for leisure and health.