There are many ways to raise turtles artificially, such as pond culture, tank culture, wooden basin culture and reservoir pond culture. Each way has its own advantages and disadvantages, so you can choose according to local conditions. For general professional households and small-scale farms, it is better to build pond culture because of its convenient management and great economic benefits.

Construction of breeding ponds: Young turtle ponds and breeding ponds can be constructed according to the specifications and methods of scarab young turtle ponds and breeding ponds. Adult turtle ponds are similar to those of scarabs, but the area can be larger to breed more turtles. If the adult turtle pond is large, mixed culture of fish and turtles can be carried out, and some herbivorous and filter-feeding fish can be raised in the pond to improve the comprehensive economic benefits of breeding. It should be noted that turtles can also make holes and escape easily, so the wall base of the fence should be about 50 cm underground.

2. Turtle feed and feeding

There are many kinds of food for turtles, including rice, wheat, peas, small fish, shrimp, insects and snails, among which the favorite food is small fish, snails, corn and rice. In artificial feeding, in order to meet all kinds of nutrients needed for turtle growth and avoid poor growth and anorexia caused by single feed, various feeds should be adopted, such as fish, shrimp, snails and mussels in animal feed and rice, wheat and corn in plant feed. In order for turtles to fully digest these feeds, corn and peas need to be crushed and soaked for about 2 hours before feeding, and other large pieces of food must be chopped before feeding. It should also be noted that in different periods of turtle growth, feed containing different nutrients should be given according to its growth characteristics.

The turtle's life is closely related to the climate, and it begins to eat at the beginning of April every year. From June to August, the feeding activity reached its peak and the weight gain rate was the fastest. 5438+ 10 After the temperature gradually dropped in June, its food intake began to decline. When the temperature drops below 10 degrees Celsius, stop eating and enter the hibernation period. Therefore, turtles should be raised according to their growth characteristics, and the general requirements are as follows:

(1) timing. The temperature is low in spring and autumn, and the tortoise is inactive in the morning and evening. It only feeds around noon, so it is more appropriate to feed at 8-9 am. From Grain Rain to the autumnal equinox is the peak season for turtles to feed, and it is in summer. Generally speaking, soft-shelled turtles are inactive at noon, and they are usually fed in the afternoon 17- 19, so it is more appropriate to feed in the afternoon 16- 17. Timing can make turtles eat on time, get more nutrition and ensure fresh feed.

(2) positioning. Fixed feeding points should be set up along the edge of the pool, and the feeding platform of the feeding point should be close to the water surface, which is convenient for turtles to swallow water and bite. The purpose of feeding the turtles in a fixed position is to make them form a habit, so that they can find food conveniently, and at the same time, it is convenient to observe the activities of the turtles and check their feeding situation.

(3) Qualitative judgment. The feed should be kept fresh, and the leftover food should be removed in time after feeding to prevent the feed from rotting and stinking, affecting the appetite of turtles and polluting the water quality.

(4) quantitative. The feeding amount of feed depends on the temperature, water quality, the appetite and activity of soft-shelled turtle, and also depends on the appetite and activity, and it is advisable to have a little surplus in the meal. Generally, feed for one or two days 1 time.

3. Feeding of young turtles

The newly hatched young turtles are weak in physique, gastrointestinal function and digestive ability, so they should not be put into the culture pond immediately. They should be carefully fed and cared for for for a period of time to improve the survival rate of young turtles.

The feeding and nursing principles of young turtles are: 1. Do a good job of cleaning and hygiene to prevent turtles from getting sick. 2. Control the appropriate temperature and astringency to facilitate its normal growth. 3. Young turtles gradually adapt to the external environment and eat by themselves. The specific method is: first, put the larvae in a small glass box and let them crawl for 3-5 hours. After the umbilical cord of the larvae dries and converges, soak it in 0.6% physiological saline for a while, disinfect it, and then put it in an indoor glass box or wooden basin for feeding. Never use your hands to break the umbilical cord of the young turtle, which will cause casualties of the young turtle. Change the water 1-2 times a day in the turtle breeding box, and strictly control the water temperature at 25-30 degrees Celsius. When the weather is hot, it is necessary to spray water into the breeding box many times to adjust the temperature and increase the oxygen in the water, so that the young turtles can grow normally under suitable conditions. Young turtles that have just hatched 1-2 days need not be fed. After 2 days, they will start to feed a small amount of grain feed, and then feed a small amount of mixed feed such as cooked eggs, ground fish and shrimp, frog meat, pumpkin and sweet potato. After 7 days' rearing, the young turtles are strong and can be transferred to outdoor breeding ponds for breeding.

4. Precautions for raising turtles

(1) Young turtles, adult turtles and parent turtles should be raised in separate ponds to avoid the phenomenon of turtles swallowing young turtles, and at the same time, it is convenient to determine the feed dosage and feeding management, and to observe and master the growth of turtles.

(2) Because turtles are gentle and timid, they should keep quiet around the culture pond to avoid affecting their normal activities such as foraging, sunbathing, mating and spawning.

(3) Change the water in the feeding pond frequently, keep the water clean, do a good job in the hygiene of the feeding pond, and prevent the turtle from getting sick.

(4) The sand in the open space between the pool and the fence should keep a certain humidity. Some cooling measures should be taken in midsummer, such as sprinkling water and planting some small shrubs.

(5) Before the hibernation period, check the growth of turtles, and give the weak breeders more feed that turtles like to eat, so that turtles can store a lot of nutrients, grow strong and survive the winter safely.

5. Hibernation management

Turtle is a temperature-changing animal, and its life is greatly affected by the environmental temperature. 165438+ 10 to March of the following year, when the temperature is below 100C, the turtle is still lying in the mud at the bottom of the pond or in the loose soil covered with straw, and does not eat and hibernate. At this time, its new metabolism is very slow and weak. It was not until the beginning of April that the temperature rose above l50C that the tortoise resumed its activities and ate a lot. During hibernation, there was no need to feed food or change water. The main work in this period is to keep warm, such as covering the open space around the pool and between the pool and the fence with straw; The second is to prevent tortoises from being attacked by natural enemies. Buy a healthy turtle. Observe whether you are breathing with your mouth open all the time, or whether you have a runny nose. You may have respiratory diseases. At the same time, remember to check for wounds and crustaceans, and soak in the water to watch the activities.

2. When the tortoise is bought home, it must be observed in isolation first. Besides adapting to the new environment, we should also pay attention to whether there are signs of disease. Reptiles often suffer from parasitic diseases in the body. Remember to clean your hands after touching them.

It is necessary to get some sunshine every day. When there is not enough space, ultraviolet rays can also be used instead. Never expose your turtle to the sun directly. There should be a cool place with a pool or washbasin for rest and play.

In fact, turtles exercise a lot, so it is helpful for the development of bones to exercise their bones occasionally.

The survival rate of young turtles is lower than that of adult turtles, so special attention should be paid to feeding. Water turtles can be kept in aquariums, and attention should be paid to adequate water.

(1) adhere to the "four fixed" feeding. Brazilian tortoises have a wide range of food habits, but fresh meat (such as fish and shrimp, lean meat, etc. ) is the best. When feeding, we should insist on four fixed feeding, and then feed bananas and apples after feeding meat feed.

② The water quality remains good. The quality of water directly affects the growth and development of the Brazilian tortoise, so it is necessary to keep the water clean and change the water every day in summer to prevent the harm of chemical pollutants.

(3) Heat preservation measures should be taken in winter. Overwintering at 20-28℃ without dormancy period will accelerate the growth of Brazilian tortoise. For weak turtles under 50 grams, winter heating measures should be taken.

④ Do a good job in disease prevention and control. Often use potassium permanganate solution to disinfect soft-shelled turtle; Adding a proper amount of oxytetracycline or furazolidone to the feed has a good effect on the prevention of turtle diseases. In addition, it is necessary to prevent mice, snakes, cats and other enemies from infringing on turtles.

Some people say that turtles are cold-blooded, which is wrong. The tortoise is a kind of temperature-changing animal. When the water temperature drops below 15℃, the tortoise will lie motionless at the bottom of the water and start to hibernate. At the turn of spring and summer, the water temperature rises above 15℃, and people start to move and eat. The optimum temperature of soft-shelled turtle is 25 ~ 30℃. When the temperature exceeds 35℃, if the water temperature is too high, it will stop eating if it feels uncomfortable. Therefore, June-August is the peak season for turtles to eat, and before May or after September, the food intake will decrease accordingly.

Turtles are omnivorous aquatic animals. They eat animal feed, such as small fish, shrimp, snails, mussels, earthworms, maggots, leftovers from livestock, and plant feed, such as tubers, vegetables, grains and aquatic plants. Under artificial feeding, they also eat peanut cakes and bean cakes. But the tortoise is very hungry, and it won't starve to death if it doesn't eat for several years.

Turtles breathe with their lungs, which are very developed and can swallow a lot of air, so they won't suffocate in the water. Moreover, the anal sac on both sides of its cloaca can exchange gas in water, so it will not be "flooded" to death in water for a long time. Answer: Zuyuan Bai-magician level 5-27 17:33 Most turtles are very docile and can accept any food. Judging from the food, they are easy pets to keep. But turtles, like lizards, need sunbathing. In addition, the turtle's body is close to a circle, its weight seems to be much higher than that outside, and it also has a lot of exercise. Generally, cages are often too narrow and more troublesome than other reptiles.

1. Tortoise food

Although turtles eat all kinds of food, they have been fed cheap food with low nutritional value, which may cause malnutrition and must be especially careful. Turtles need a lot of calcium, so they should be fed calcium-rich food. Recently, a special feed for soft-shelled turtle with balanced nutrition was introduced on the market, which can be safely eaten. In addition, carp feed and dog food are also very suitable foods. Occasionally feeding some fresh food such as boneless fish, snake meat and mice will definitely win the love of turtles. Feeding only fish and meat slices will cause malnutrition and need to supplement water-soluble nutrients. What is introduced above is the food provided for turtles who often live in water. For example, turtles who don't like plant food in water are not suitable for artificial feeding. Generally, leafy vegetables, cabbage, carrots and other vegetables can be fed with nutrients. In order to feed nine official birds.

2. The tortoise's cage

Aquatic turtles can be kept in containers that can hold water, such as tanks. The tortoise is bigger than it looks and needs a lot of exercise, so it needs a bigger cage. The sink with an average side length of 60 cm is still too small, so it is best to keep it in a storage box for clothes.

3. Others

Turtles don't irradiate ultraviolet rays and can't use calcium. Compared with lizards, the facilities to prevent turtles from escaping are relatively simple. As long as there is water supply facilities and a cool place to rest, it is not easy to get heatstroke, and the way of sunbathing is relatively simple. If the calcium intake of young turtles is insufficient, the turtle shell will easily become soft; Insufficient intake of vitamin A may cause eyes to turn white. When the above phenomenon occurs, in addition to the problem of insufficient vitamin A and calcium, it may also involve long-term feeding of low-nutrient foods, insufficient ultraviolet rays and other problems, which may be due to the wrong feeding methods. We must carefully provide balanced food, sunbathe with sun lamps, and so on. , completely change the feeding environment.

Common diseases of turtles

Shell diseases of aquatic turtles

Artificial aquatic turtle shells may have ulcers. Although they are all crustacean diseases, the types of pathogens are different due to different symptoms. Gram negative bacteria. Gram positive bacteria. Symptoms include hulling, pigmentation, ulcer, quadriplegia, paw shedding, visceral necrosis and so on. Crawfish, snakes, sea maggots and other animals used as feed, as well as soil and polluted water, may be the source of infection. Bacteria enter the body through the abraded wound. In the course of treatment, medicinal bath is used and appropriate antibiotics are applied throughout the body. However, all kinds of turtles are allergic to certain antibiotics, so special attention should be paid when using them. Answer: Nanjiayu-Magic Apprentice Level 1 5-27 17:34 I'll tell you the tips for raising turtles now: this is a summary of my 10 years of experience in raising turtles, not a long article downloaded from the Internet. It may be helpful for you to raise turtles.

For example, the red-eared Brazilian turtle is a typical water turtle. Feeding: nutritious foods such as small fish, shrimp, screws, raw meat and refined meat. The little turtle wants to cut raw fish and shrimp. Feed them in pieces. Lean meat, fat meat and indigestible food that cannot be cooked. Otherwise, you will get indigestion and get sick. For example, the Brazilian tortoise has two periods in a year: one is the growth period, and the temperature is above 15 degrees, which is about 5- 10 months. This period is the time for the tortoise to grow. This needs to give the turtle a comfortable home. I don't know where you put it. If you keep it in the patio, you can make a glass jar according to the size of the turtle, and the height is 12- 15 cm. Put a brick or a square stone inside and outside the jar to let the tortoise in and out freely. When it needs to bask in the sun, it will climb on the stone and bask motionless, which is very comfortable. When the weather is too hot, it will climb into the shade to enjoy the cool, so happy. When it needs to drink water, it will crawl in and go in and out freely. This living environment is not much different from the wild. Very adapted to the life of turtles. But pay attention to changing water frequently. If you keep a turtle in your room, it won't be so comfortable. The second is the hibernation period, about11-April, when the temperature is below 15 degrees, the tortoise gradually stops eating and begins to enter the hibernation period. You can't leave the water during hibernation, otherwise you will get sick and dehydrate and die. When entering hibernation, the room temperature should not be too high, and 0-5 degrees is the most suitable, so that turtles will be less active and reduce physical consumption. If the temperature is too high, the tortoise will keep crawling and consume a lot of physical strength, which is not good for the tortoise. The tortoise should be put in a jar with water for the winter. There should not be too much water. Just put the water on the tortoise's back. You can also put a square brick or stone in the jar. Turtles can climb up when they want to bask in the sun. Don't freeze the water with ice, or the Brazilian tortoise will freeze to death. You can move the turtle tank indoors and put it in a place with 1-2 hours of sunshine, which can sterilize it. As long as this is done, there is generally no problem in winter. Pay attention to keeping the room temperature above zero, so you can spend the winter safely. I raise and lay eggs like this every year. In 2006, I laid eggs three times, once every 20 days, about 15 eggs at a time, and * * * laid more than 40 eggs.

Attention should be paid to breeding Brazilian turtles in spring: in spring, Brazilian turtles begin to enter the growth period after a long hibernation period. During this period, we should pay attention to: first, let the Brazilian tortoise bask in the sun as much as possible, which will help the tortoise increase its appetite; And use sunlight and ultraviolet rays to sterilize, reduce diseases and achieve prevention first; Increasing the light can also add calcium to the turtle, and the color of the turtle will be more vivid. Second, feed nutritious food, such as raw fish, shrimp, screws, earthworms, insects, worms, lean meat and other foods. Don't feed indigestible foods such as cooked lean meat and fat meat, or the tortoise will get sick. Try to let the tortoise eat more during the growing period and let the tortoise grow faster. The third is to keep the turtle tank clean and sanitary, and change water frequently.

Attention should be paid to raising Brazilian tortoises in summer: Brazilian tortoises are in the peak period and high temperature period from June to August in summer. The higher the temperature, the faster the turtle grows. During this period, we should pay attention to: First, do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling, and put the turtle in a cool place, so as not to let the turtle be exposed to direct sunlight. If exposed to direct sunlight for a long time, the turtle will be unbearable and may get sick. Second, the turtle grows fast, so the demand for food is great. Feed nutritious food, such as raw small fish, shrimp, snails, earthworms, insects, lean meat and other foods, but not cooked lean meat and fat meat, otherwise the turtle will get sick. In this period, try to let turtles eat more, so that turtles can grow fast. Third, turtles eat more and pull more, and change the water before eating every day. Because Brazilian tortoises eat in water, they should change water before eating, so that the water they drink when eating is more hygienic. Change the water frequently and keep the turtle tank clean. The fourth is to increase the activity of turtles. If conditions permit, turtles can crawl more and enhance their resistance. At this time, some turtles are going to lay eggs, and young turtles can be hatched.