As the saying goes, "Radish is on the market, so you don't need to go to the drugstore." It is said that radish is not only a common vegetable in autumn and winter, but also regarded as a medicinal material among the people. Radish is a rare root vegetable containing a lot of dietary fiber, which has a strong satiety after eating. And the volume is large, and the heat content is less than 1/3 of the same weight of rice. When fat people control their diet to lose weight, they often feel unbearable hunger. At this time, they can fill their appetite with radishes and get vitamins and minerals that fat people are easy to lack from radishes. So radish is the best food for fat people to lose weight.
According to China medical science, radish is cool and sweet. When it enters the lung and stomach meridians, it can help digestion, resolve food stagnation, resolve phlegm and clear heat, lower the qi and activate the middle energizer, and detoxify. It can be used for food stagnation, fullness and dysuria. It can be seen that radish plays an important role in regulating the spleen and stomach. Therefore, radish competes with ginseng in autumn, and it also has an auxiliary treatment effect on common diseases such as indigestion, wind-heat cold, tonsillitis, cough, excessive phlegm and sore throat in autumn.
Recommended eating method: boiled soup with white radish and crucian carp has the effects of warming the middle warmer, reducing qi, strengthening the spleen and promoting diuresis. Pear has the effects of moistening lung, cooling heart, resolving phlegm and removing fire. Juicing with white radish can not only cover up the spicy taste of white radish, but also double the therapeutic effect. Eating too much mutton is easy to get angry. If stewed with white radish with cooling effect, it will not only eliminate phlegm and reduce fire, but also relieve greasy and complementary nutrition.
Step 2: potatoes
Potato, tuber of Solanaceae potato, also called potato, yam egg and potato, can benefit qi, strengthen spleen, relieve pain and promote defecation. Indications: weakness of spleen and stomach, dyspepsia. Potatoes are rich in dietary fiber and other nutrients, which can stimulate intestinal peristalsis and relieve constipation after eating.
Spinach is rich in non-heme iron, and its utilization rate is lower than that of heme iron in meat. The content of vitamin C in potatoes is rich, which can promote the absorption of iron by human body. The vitamin C contained in potatoes is relatively heat-resistant. Therefore, eating potatoes and spinach together is a good way to supplement iron.
Recommended eating method: Steamed potatoes are the most ideal cooking method, which has little effect on nutrition and can retain natural flavor. Studies have shown that the loss of vitamin C after potato steaming is very small, and the retention rate is above 80%, but there is no loss of carbohydrates, minerals and dietary fiber, and the starch particles in it will be fully gelatinized, which will be more easily digested and decomposed in the body and will not bring a burden to the gastrointestinal tract.
3. Sweet potato
The nutritional value of sweet potato is beyond imagination. According to the statistics of the National Nutrition Database of the United States Department of Agriculture, a medium-sized sweet potato can meet the daily needs of human body for 400% of vitamin A, 37% of vitamin C, 65,438+06% of vitamin B6, 65,438+05% of potassium and 28% of manganese, and it also contains a lot of dietary fiber. Especially in autumn and winter, the nutritional value and taste are better.
As far as the time of day is concerned, it is best to eat sweet potatoes at noon, because it takes 4 to 5 hours to be absorbed by the human body after eating sweet potatoes. At the same time, afternoon sunlight can just promote the absorption of calcium. Eating sweet potatoes at night contains too much sugar, which can't be absorbed by the body for a while and is easy to swell up.
Recommended eating method: raw sweet potatoes are not delicious, because the cell membrane of starch in raw sweet potatoes is not destroyed by high temperature and is difficult to digest in the human body. Secondly, sweet potatoes should not be eaten alone. You can mix rice noodles with sweet potatoes to control the consumption at one time. Third, when eating sweet potatoes, mix some pickles and salty soup as neutralization. In addition, raw sweet potatoes can be soaked in a small amount of alum solution and iodized salt water, and then processed into various cooked foods.
4. Chinese yam
Yam not only has the reputation of "god of food", but also has the effect of "taking medicine". Yam contains amylase, polyphenol oxidase and other substances, which is beneficial to digestion and absorption of spleen and stomach; Yam contains a lot of mucins, vitamins and trace elements, which can effectively prevent the deposition of blood lipids on the blood vessel wall, prevent cardiovascular diseases and prolong life.
Yam contains amylase, polyphenol oxidase and other substances, which is beneficial to the digestion and absorption function of the spleen and stomach. Blindly nourishing the spleen and stomach is a dual-purpose product of medicine and food. Both spleen yang deficiency and stomach yin deficiency can be eaten. Clinically, it is often used with Weichang Decoction to treat spleen and stomach weakness, anorexia, fatigue, diarrhea and other symptoms.
Recommended eating method: among all the practices of yam, fried yam is the most nutritious and delicious. Sliced yam or stir-fried in silk pot. Due to the short heating time, the loss of nutrients, especially vitamin C, is less. For example, vegetarian dishes include yam fried fungus, tomato fried yam, yam fried pork slices, yam fried kidney flowers, yam fried shrimps, yam fried diced chicken and so on. If you are recovering from a serious illness and have no appetite, you can choose the simplest steaming method. Add yam slices and a few torn red dates when cooking porridge, which is most suitable for children and the elderly. And yam stewed chicken, spleen and stomach, suitable for autumn and winter tonic.
5. kohlrabi
Kohlrabi is a kind of cabbage, and its scientific name is bulb cabbage. The content of vitamin C is extremely high, and it also contains a lot of potassium, while the content of vitamin E is very rich. The vitamin content of kohlrabi is very rich, especially the fresh juice, which has a therapeutic effect on stomach diseases. It contains vitamin C and so on. It has the function of relieving pain and promoting granulation, and can promote the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Isatis indigotica contains 76mg of vitamin per kloc-0/00g, and is also rich in vitamin e, both of which can improve human immunity. The trace element molybdenum contained in it can inhibit the synthesis of ammonium nitrite, so it has certain anti-cancer effect. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it also has the functions of relieving cough and resolving phlegm, refreshing the brain and improving eyesight, sobering up and reducing fire.
Recommended eating method: Isatis indigotica should not be over-fried, and it is better to mix raw or wring juice.
6. Lotus root
There has long been a folk saying that "Lotus is the treasure, and Hà Thu is the best supplement". Autumn is the season when fresh lotus roots are on the market. At this time, the weather is dry. Eating some lotus roots can nourish yin and clear away heat, moisten dryness and quench thirst, and clear the heart and soothe the nerves. Lotus root is rich in carbohydrates, a certain amount of protein, vitamin C, vitamin B 1, calcium, iron and other inorganic salts and polyphenols, which have antioxidant effects. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that raw lotus root is cold and has the effect of clearing away heat and relieving annoyance. After cooking, it changes from cold to warm, and has the effects of nourishing stomach, nourishing yin, invigorating spleen and qi, and nourishing blood.
Lotus root turns black during cooking because polyphenols in lotus root are oxidized under the catalysis of polyphenol oxidase. Blanching lotus root in boiling water for a while can inactivate all polyphenol oxidase. In addition to high temperature treatment, proper addition of acidic substances can also inhibit the activity of polyphenol oxidase. For example, soaking in dilute vinegar or lemonade and taking it out can also keep it white and tender.
Recommended eating method: Lotus root is eaten "both raw and cooked". As a raw fruit, it tastes sweet and cool into the lungs; Steamed with glutinous rice and honey, it is tender and transparent, soft and moist, and it is a delicious side dish in autumn; And is rich in nutrition, and is suitable for nourishing and preserving health for people with spleen and stomach weakness.
7, taro
Taro is rich in starch and nutrition, as well as protein, carbohydrates and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Taro is soft and smooth, easy to digest and has the function of invigorating the stomach. It is especially suitable for people with weak spleen and stomach, especially for infants and the elderly in autumn.
Taro also has a place in medicine. Flat and sweet in nature, it has the functions of regulating middle energizer, benefiting qi, eliminating carbuncle and dispersing stagnation. According to Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan, taro can be used for dietotherapy. Long-term consumption can cure the deficiency of moderate coke, nourish the liver and stomach, and add essence and beauty. People can treat stomachache, dysentery and chronic nephritis by decocting taro with water or taking it orally. The stems and leaves of taro also have the function of detoxifying and treating sores, which can be used to treat snake bites and nameless swelling and pain; Flowers can treat diseases such as hemorrhoids.
Recommended eating method: After the Mid-Autumn Festival, taro tastes very different, soft and crisp, and tastes better than sweet potato. It is good to eat it instead of some staple foods at this time. It can be steamed directly, cut into small pieces to cook porridge together, or diced and steamed with rice. However, it should be noted that frying or over-seasoning can not be used, so as to maintain the original nutritional value and taste of taro.
8. Winter bamboo shoots
As the name implies, winter bamboo shoots are a kind of bamboo shoots and a seasonal dish in winter. It can help the human body to remove excess fat and greasy, so eating meaty food in winter can also eat some winter bamboo shoots appropriately to keep the gastrointestinal tract comfortable.
Compared with spring bamboo shoots and summer bamboo shoots, winter bamboo shoots have the best quality and the highest nutrition. It is rich in carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, vitamin C and other nutrients. There are at least 16- 18 different amino acids in protein.