So how to choose the kind of ginger? The selection of ginger species should be robust, dry, sterile, insect-free, ginger-free, mildew-free and bud-headed. Like some kinds of ginger sold in the market, it looks very fat and moist. This kind of ginger must not be bought. It is soaked in water, and after it is planted in the ground, the sprouts have no strength, so it is difficult to be unearthed for a while. If it rains for a long time, this kind of ginger will rot easily after soaking.
Therefore, when choosing ginger seeds, we must choose healthy, robust and sprouted dried ginger seeds. This kind of ginger absorbs nutrients and moisture after being planted in the ground, and it has strength when unearthed. Never buy ginger from the market as a kind of ginger. This kind of ginger basically has no buds. If you don't accelerate germination, you won't be able to plant it in the ground for a month or two, and you won't be able to germinate completely when someone else's new ginger comes on the market. So you can't be greedy and cheap, no matter how expensive, you should buy sprouted ginger as a kind of ginger.
Based on my many years of ginger planting experience, I summarized eight technical points for your reference.
First, prepare the soil before planting ginger. It is best to choose red and purple sandy land with loose vegetables and drainage to create new land that has not been planted in previous years. There will be no germs and ginger blight on this land.
Second, ditch after clearing the land, and live broadcast is ok, but pay attention to the density. Sufficient base fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of the ditch, preferably farmyard manure.
3. Don't break ginger seeds into too small pieces. Generally, a catty of ginger can be broken into 10 small pieces. Too small is not effective for seedling emergence, and too large is too unfavorable for cost. Therefore, ginger seeds should be broken according to the bud head, not too big or too small, and should be measured.
Fourth, don't put ginger seeds on chemical fertilizer when planting to prevent chemical fertilizer from burning ginger seeds.
5. It is best to put ginger seeds obliquely, and the bud head should be close to the soil next to the ditch, so that the new buds can easily take root in the soil after being unearthed.
6. After sowing ginger seeds, cover them with a thin layer of soil, and then cover them with hairy grass or straw to keep the soil moist and prevent weeds from growing.
Seven, a week after sowing, before unearthed in Jiang Miao, spraying herbicide once to kill the sprouted weeds in the bud, which will save a lot of weeding time.
Eight, after the ginger is in full bloom, topdressing once, and then ridging once. This kind of ginger will not turn blue after harvest, but will always be white and tender, which is pleasing to the eye.
How about a little sprouted ginger as a kind of ginger?
The answer is yes, but it should also be selected according to the following requirements, which is slightly better in improving quality and output.
Matters needing attention in selecting ginger varieties:
1. Select good ginger varieties with high quality and high yield.
When choosing a kind of ginger, you must choose a piece of ginger with vigorous plant growth and then collect it. Ginger pieces are bright in color, large in size and thick, and each piece weighs100 ~150g. They are not harmed by pests and diseases and are used as ginger seeds. All the nutrients needed by ginger from before germination to the three-strand branching stage come from ginger mother. Ginger mother is big enough to provide enough nutrition, so the root system of ginger can grow healthily, and there will be no shortage of nutrients before it absorbs enough nutrients, thus ensuring that the yield will not decline.
2. Disinfect ginger seeds
After the seeds are selected, they can be disinfected. Plant ash solution can be used to soak seeds for about 15-20 minutes or 500 times of 50% carbendazim solution for disinfection, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of rot. After disinfection, ginger can be dried in the air for 2-3 days, stacked and covered with straw to keep warm and germinate. Humidity is required, and the temperature is controlled at 20-25℃. The sowing period of ginger is from late April to early May.
The row spacing is 35~40 cm, the plant spacing is 26~30 cm, and the ditch depth is 10-20 cm. After reasonable planting and scientific and meticulous management, you will get better harvest!
How to choose a kind of ginger? How about making a kind of ginger with a little toothless? As long as they are farmers, they basically know this problem. Jiang Ziya exposed is the most ideal. If we plant them, they generally don't germinate. We don't want them. If they don't germinate, they are not safe. Every budding tree will grow.
I was too busy the day before yesterday. I went to the vegetable field and saw my neighbor's aunt growing ginger. I asked how to grow ginger, so I learned the technology and made a video. At that time, I was always happy
After my observation, it is not difficult to grow ginger. After digging the ditch, pour the water at the bottom of the ditch, sprinkle with compound fertilizer, and then gently press the ginger seeds into the mud to make the ginger buds parallel to the soil surface.
Of course, there is another method called vertical sowing, that is, planting in any direction in the ditch, and the buds are all facing up. On that day, I saw my neighbor's aunt planting ginger in the latter way.
So, how to choose the kind of ginger? How about using ginger with a little bud as ginger seed? This is definitely impossible. You know, the ginger used to make ginger seeds must undergo strict selection and germination.
First, ginger pieces should be full, smooth in skin color, fresh and tender in meat color, not shrinking and not rotting. Second, the texture is hard and there are no pests and diseases. Third, leave strong buds and wipe off other buds, leaving only one bud on a piece of ginger.
We should know that the growth of tender buds depends entirely on the nutrients stored in ginger from dormancy to bud germination. Although the slightly exposed ginger buds are small, they have an important influence on the development and growth of the whole plant in the future.
Therefore, it is necessary to carry out scientific and effective methods to accelerate germination when sowing, rather than making ginger seeds as soon as there are buds. Rotten ginger will sprout, but after all, rotten seed blocks will affect the later growth, which is equivalent to nothing.
In the planting season, some measures can be taken to accelerate germination, such as stacking ginger indoors to accelerate germination, drying ginger and covering it with straw. You can also dig a sunny bed in the sun, put it inside, cover it with loose wool and straw, and then cover it with plastic film to raise the temperature.
Of course, the method of accelerating germination varies from place to place. Some people cut off the live broadcast directly without accelerating germination, but if you want to have high quality and high yield in the future, I suggest that you still want YEATION seeds.
It is entirely possible to use slightly germinated ginger as the seed of ginger. To plant ginger, we should choose plump ginger with short sections and large pieces, bright color, no damage and no pests and diseases. Ginger sprouts before sowing, and buds are the basis for growing seedlings. The sprouted ginger can be planted with fertilizer, the buds are full, the size is uniform, and it is not rotten or damaged, which saves the trouble of accelerating germination.
Ginger usually germinates when the temperature is higher than 15 degrees. In northern Anhui, we all choose to start planting in late April or early May. After selecting the planted ginger, break the planted ginger into pieces suitable for planting. It is best to have two ginger buds on each piece of ginger, weighing about 60 grams. After breaking into small pieces, you should dry the seeds, usually for a week or so. Is to kill harmful bacteria and promote wound healing. You can often flip through it when you are in the sun. Germination accelerated after sun exposure. There are many ways to accelerate germination, and the most common one is electric heating. It takes about three weeks to accelerate the germination of ginger.
You can sow seeds below.
Like our northern countryside, ginger is stored in the cellar, and the temperature of the ginger cellar is kept above 10 and below 15, because if it is higher than 15, ginger will germinate, while if it is lower than 10, ginger will be frozen and deteriorated. Like our open planting of ginger here, it was basically around Tomb-Sweeping Day, when the temperature environment was suitable for the growth of ginger. And if you cover the plant with plastic film, it can be about a week in advance.
When people in rural areas choose ginger seeds, they will keep the ginger with good appearance and no broken skin, store it in ginger pits, and save it for planting as ginger seeds in the coming year. Because ginger has been sprouting until it grows to three branches, all the nutrients needed for growth during this period are provided by the mother ginger. Only this big and flawless ginger can provide enough nutrients for the growth of Jiang Miao, so it is very important to plant ginger and choose seeds.
It is necessary to accelerate the germination of ginger seeds before planting ginger. In our local area, indoor germination is generally chosen. When the ginger buds of ginger grow to about 1 cm, they can be planted. Germination is usually carried out in a square pool made of soil. Dry wheat straw grass or wool paper with a thickness of 10 cm shall be laid at the bottom and around the pond, and dried ginger seeds shall be piled in the pond. After the heat dissipates a little, spread 10 cm thick dry wheat straw grass on the ginger seeds. Then cover it tightly with a broken quilt and keep the temperature in the pool at about 20 to 25. In this way, ginger can germinate in less than a month. When the bamboo shoots grow to about 1 cm, you can take off the quilt and wheat straw and take them out for planting.
Of course, if rural families grow crops in a small area, many families put wheat straw in baskets, then put ginger and seal it on the top of the shed above the rural pot. On normal days, ginger will germinate under the hot air generated by cooking three meals a day. It is also planted when the ginger buds grow to about 1 cm. Grasp the planting time, and don't miss the sowing time by waiting for the ginger buds to form big buds.
Ginger is an essential condiment for farmers. It is cold in winter, and ginger is my favorite. Just today, I went to the small supermarket downstairs, bought four pieces of ginger and cooked them in an iron pot. It is especially good to eat ginger in winter. You can soak ginger tea, stir-fry, shred ginger, marinate it with a very fresh taste, stew some meat or something, and put some ginger leaves in it. This is an excellent way to remove fishy smell, give fresh food, tonify kidney and strengthen yang.
There are many farmers who grow ginger in my uncle and aunt's house in Xiyu, Laizhou. In those years when I lived in the countryside, I also saw crossing the river in my in-laws. By digging the cellar, a large amount of ginger was preserved in the vegetable field. The selection method of ginger seeds is similar to that of potatoes, that is, to choose ginger with full grain shape, no injury, full firmness, no frostbite, no scratch and no decay. Ginger can be used as a kind of ginger when it germinates. Even if it doesn't germinate, people should accelerate germination before planting ginger. Ginger can only be planted in the ground after artificial germination.
In mid-March, we first went down to the cellar, put ginger seeds in the cellar, shook them with pulley heads with vines, and then carefully selected the big ones. No frostbite, no damage, no rotten ginger seeds, then break it into small pieces of the right size and bask in the sun for a day. There was a heatable adobe sleeping platform in the wing, so the parents-in-law surrounded the heatable adobe sleeping platform with two layers of bricks, and covered it with a layer of plastic cloth, covered with straw of about 10 cm. Arrange the dried ginger slices neatly, then cover them with black plastic sheets, some straw and a big quilt. Light the earthen stove, increase the humidity and temperature of the heatable adobe sleeping platform, and after a week or so, ginger can start to sprout white buds the size of peanuts, but there are no sharp buds yet, so cover it for another week. When the smooth buds grow to about three centimeters, you can go to the field and start planting ginger.
Planting method
1, land selection, seed selection
Ginger is very sensitive to water. In general, its drought resistance and waterlogging tolerance are not good, so when we choose the land, we should try to choose sandy soil with strong permeability and be close to the water source, which is convenient for irrigation and drainage. As for the selection of ginger, it is to choose healthy ginger slices with strong tubers and good color, and carefully observe whether the ginger buds survive.
2, sowing, density
When sowing, you can soak the ginger slices in the medicine for ten minutes, then mix them with sand, put them in a small space and seal them with plastic film. Generally, you can sow in five days. When sowing, the sowing interval of each plant is 30 cm, and each row is 40 cm. Then try to arrange the sprouted side in a row, cover it with a thin layer of soil, and finally lay a layer of straw on it.
3. Base fertilizer and topdressing
Sufficient base fertilizer must be applied after planting. Generally, an acre needs an average of 3000 kilograms of organic rot fertilizer, supplemented by 30 kilograms of potash fertilizer. The first fertilization was when the ginger seedlings grew to 25 cm high. In rural areas, manure can be mixed with water for irrigation, or 20 kilograms of urea can be mixed with water for spraying. Autumn is coming, that is, the second fertilization is carried out in early September. This time, the tuber is mainly grown, so the main compound fertilizer is potassium fertilizer, and the fertilizer consumption is 45 kg and 30 kg respectively. The last fertilization was when the tuber was slightly larger than three thumbs, that is, one month after the second fertilization. The types of fertilization are the same as the second fertilization, but the dosage is halved.
4, pest control
The main diseases that harm the growth and affect the yield of ginger are rot and spot disease. Rot usually lasts from July to August in summer, even until the beginning of September. When the diseased plant is found, it should be pulled out in time, and the soil next to the plant should be dug to avoid bacterial infection, and then a layer of lime should be sprinkled to fill the ground. The control method of spot disease is to spray 50% chlorothalonil 800 times every 7 ~ 10 days/time. The main pests affecting quality are ginger moth and ginger maggot. We generally use trichlorfon or phoxim for foliar spraying control.
Step 5 harvest
Generally speaking, the harvest season is late autumn and winter solstice, that is, 1 1 month and1February. We need to observe whether the ginger stems and leaves in the field have turned yellow and withered before harvesting, but it is best to harvest them once every two years. There is no saying that ginger is old and spicy, which means that ginger is better to be old. I would also like to remind you that even the stems of ginger are edible, which can be used for mustard tuber or direct cooking. It's delicious, too
Copyright no.5 network.
Propagation with rhizome (planting ginger), hole sowing or drill sowing. When picking ginger in autumn, choose thicker and yellowish ones. Glossy, disease-free rhizomes are used as ginger, stored in cellars or stacked in layers with fine sand indoors for later use. In June 5438+0-April in the south and May in the north, the seed ginger is taken out and germinated, and then cut into small pieces, each with 1-2 strong buds.
In hole planting, holes are drilled according to the row spacing of 40cm×30cm, and the depth is 13- 17cm. First, fill the pits with manure water. After the soil permeates, plant 1 slice of ginger horizontally in each pit. Finally, cover with fine compost and soil. Ribbon planting shall be ditched according to the row spacing of 40cm, and sowing shall be carried out according to the row spacing of 27cm after applying base fertilizer, and the covering soil shall be flush with the ground. Sichuan production areas pay great attention to the depth of sowing, sowing deep (digging a pit about 30cm), and constantly cultivating soil to form a piece of ginger, which is the source of ginger; Medicinal ginger is made by shallow sowing (digging pit 5- 10cm) and is the source of dried ginger.
Tiantuan management
If missing plants are found after emergence, replanting should be done in time. Weeding in intertillage for 3-4 times and topdressing for 4 times throughout the year, with organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer as the main fertilizers. The growth period is strict with water, and there is no shortage of water. If there is a factory guide, water and moisturize it in time, and stop watering before harvest 10d.
Eliminate pests and diseases
1. Ginger plague: It is a bacterial disease and a destructive disease, which generally occurs in production.
Prevention and control methods:
(1) soil disinfection. Fumigating the soil with 25-35kg chloropicrin per mu. The specific application method is as follows: about 30 days before sowing, apply the liquid medicine into the soil layer with a depth of 15-25 cm with a spacing of about 30 cm, inject 2-3 ml at each point, then cover it with plastic film for 3-5 days, and uncover the film after 15-20 days for sowing. Chloropicrin is extremely toxic and must be operated by professionals when applying drugs. In addition, lime nitrogen can also be used for soil treatment.
(2) Agricultural control. Strict selection of disease-free ginger species, crop rotation, net application of chemical fertilizer and clear water irrigation, combined with fine management, have remarkable effects on controlling the occurrence of ginger blast.
(3) found that the diseased plants were eradicated in time. When a diseased plant is found in the field, not only the central diseased plant should be removed in time, but also the healthy plants within 0.5 meters around it should be removed together, and the soil with bacteria should be dug up, lime should be sprinkled in the diseased hole, and then it should be buried with clean sterile soil.
2. Root-knot nematode disease: also known as scabies and scabies, the pathogen of this disease is southern root-knot nematode, which is the main disease.
Control method: Root-knot nematodes of ginger are widely distributed in soil, with a long onset period and great difficulty in control. You can fumigate the soil with chloropicrin, or you can fumigate the soil with 3 kilograms of isopropyl ether. If nematodes are found in the growth process, the roots can be irrigated with 2000 times solution of 1.8% avermectin, each point 100- 150g, and water can be poured once after irrigation.
3. pythium gloeosporium soft rot: also known as root rot and soft rot.
Prevention and control methods: The prevention strategies and measures are the same as those of ginger plague, with emphasis on prevention and comprehensive prevention. Do a good job in the selection and retention of healthy varieties, disinfect ginger, implement crop rotation and improve cultivation techniques. Because the disease is caused by pythium fungi, targeted fungicides should be selected, including 800- 100 times solution of 50% metalaxyl wettable powder or 500 times solution of 64% manganese zinc wettable powder, 500 times solution of 50% Durex copper wettable powder, 72% Durex green wettable powder 1000 times solution and 60% Du Rui aluminum copper.
Extended data:
Ginger is native to tropical areas of Southeast Asia. I like warm and humid climate, and my ability to resist cold and drought is weak. These plants can only grow during the frost-free period. The optimum growth temperature is 25-28℃. When the temperature is lower than 20℃, the germination is slow, the plants wither when exposed to frost, and the roots completely lose their germination ability.
The annual average temperature in most counties of Guangxi is 18- 19℃, the average temperature in July is 25.3℃, and the extreme high temperature is 39℃. 1 monthly average temperature 10.2℃, extreme low temperature -4℃. The frost-free period of the whole year is more than 330 days. The annual rainfall is 900- 1300mm, and the air relative humidity is about 80%.
Like warm and humid climate, not cold-resistant, afraid of humidity, afraid of direct sunlight. Avoid continuous cropping. Slope land and slightly shady plots should be selected for cultivation. The upper layer is deep, loose, fertile sandy soil with good drainage, which is suitable for heavy soil.
Planting ginger, where we used to be based. One year, the price of ginger in the market plummeted, and almost no one asked for 50 cents a catty. Therefore, the farmer's uncle dared not plant any more. However, there are still some techniques for growing ginger. First of all, when choosing ginger, there is no moisture on the surface of ginger. Ginger petals are slightly fat, and it is best to have buds of 3 mm to 1 cm. The soil should be fertile and loose. The nest spacing is 35 cm. Plant one bud in each nest, dry the bottom fertilizer of each nest with cattle and sheep manure, sprinkle the mixed rural fire ash with iron autumn pat, then put the female ginger buds in one direction in sequence (the arrangement direction is convenient for taking out the female ginger in the later stage), then cover with a thin layer of fine soil and pour the large manure in the rural manure pit. About forty days later, Jiang Miao, almost ten centimeters long, was unearthed from the ginger bud. Remember to weed, kill insects and fertilize first, preferably phosphate fertilizer. After 60 days, the mother ginger is taken out and cultivated again, which is beneficial to the growth of ginger, but it will not be unearthed. The next day is management. Remember, the soil must be moderate, neither too dry nor too thin, otherwise it is not conducive to growth. Be sure to remember to kill insects, including weeding. Every day in September, we should observe whether the weather is warm (ginger seedlings turn yellow, and the roots at the junction of Jiang Miao and tender ginger rot). If it is, it must be handled in time. Otherwise, a year will be wasted.
Hello, I'm big Siebel Gao Jiawen, and I'm glad to answer your question. How to choose the kind of ginger? How about making ginger with small buds? The answer is yes, good, because ginger seeds should germinate during planting. The following sections introduce the germination process.
Matters needing attention in accelerating germination of ginger seeds
1, seed drying
Put the broken ginger on the clean ground to dry the seeds. Dried ginger seeds need to be diluted, preferably with only one layer, and they need to be turned frequently to promote the dried ginger seeds to be heated evenly and dried continuously for 6-7 days. The main purpose of dried ginger is to increase the temperature of planting ginger, effectively break dormancy, reduce the water content of planting ginger and prevent various diseases.
Step 2 soak the seeds
The purpose of soaking ginger seeds is to break the natural dormancy of ginger seeds, promote the rapid differentiation of ginger buds, and prevent many diseases and insect pests. Generally, ginger seeds can be sprayed on the water surface of 15 kg with 15 ml aquamarine and 20 g bright shield. The soaking time of ginger seeds is suitable for wetting.
Step 3 seed dressing
Mix carefully selected ginger seeds with 72% agricultural streptomycin, and pay attention to mixing with it to reduce waste.
4, trapped ginger
After planting ginger to dry, we put it into a net bag in sunny afternoon, cover it tightly with grass felt or quilt, and pile it indoors for 3-4 days to promote the decomposition and transformation of nutrients in ginger seeds. This operation process is called trapped ginger.
5, accelerate germination
Stack the dried ginger in 6- 10 layers in the greenhouse, cover it with plastic film, and keep the humidity at 75%-80%. After about 20 days, the ginger buds will grow into soybean grains and can be planted in the field immediately.
Germinated ginger is the best seed and can be planted directly.