189 1 year, naismith taught at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts. Luther gulick, the head of the physical education department of this school, commissioned him to design an indoor group game to implement the winter physical education class syllabus. He was inspired by the game that local children like to throw balls into peach baskets (peaches are abundant in the local area, and every family has peach baskets) and created basketball games.
William jones, the first secretary-general of the International Amateur Basketball Federation, respected and admired him very much. He not only settled his hotel expenses, but also invited him to kick off the first basketball match of the Olympic Games. Before kick-off, Jones introduced the inventor of basketball to all the participating athletes, and naismith was warmly welcomed by everyone. After all the games, Jones arranged for Ness to preside over the award ceremony and awarded him a special Olympic medal in recognition of his achievements in inventing basketball. When a little German girl gave him the laurel of the moon, naismith was ecstatic and threw her hat into the sky.
Naismith died on 1939. In order to remember this basketball pioneer forever, FIBA decided to name the gold cup of the World Men's Basketball Championship "Naismith Cup" at the first Central Bureau meeting held during the World Men's Basketball Championship 1950/kloc-0.
By 1893, nearly modern rebounds, hoops and nets have been formed. In the initial basketball game, there were no strict restrictions on the number of people, the size of the venue and the time of the game. As long as the number of participants is equal. At the beginning of the game, the players of both sides stood outside the two end lines, and the referee blew the whistle and threw the ball into the center of the court. The two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and started the game. The bearer can run to the basket with the ball, and the first person who reaches the predetermined score wins. 1892, naismith formulated 13 rules of the game. The main rules are: don't run with the ball, don't make rough moves, don't hit the ball with a fist, or you will be sentenced to three consecutive fouls and fined 1 minute; The competition time is the first half 15 minutes; The size of the venue is also stipulated. The number of players in the game is gradually reduced to 10, with 9 or 7 players per team. 1893 is set to 5 players per team.
1904 The 3rd Olympic Games, the basketball exhibition match was held for the first time 1. 1908, the United States formulated a unified national basketball rule, which was published in many languages and distributed around the world. In this way, basketball has gradually spread all over America, Europe and Asia, becoming a worldwide sport. 1936 1 1 The Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event, which unified the rules of the world basketball competition. Since then, during the period of 1948, the rule has been revised several times. The important change related to the current rules is that after scoring, the jump ball in the middle circle is changed to the end line of the losing team in the backcourt. The attacker must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second; After the ball enters the frontcourt, it is not allowed to return to the backcourt; Offenders are not allowed to stay in the "forbidden zone" for 3 seconds; When the shooter was violated, 1 made a free throw, and 2 missed. In the basketball matches of the1952nd Olympic Games,15th Olympic Games and16th Olympic Games, the International Amateur Basketball Federation twice expanded the "forbidden zone" (also known as the "3-second zone") in the basketball field. It is also stipulated that a team must shoot within 30 seconds after controlling the ball. In the early 1960s, the regulations on 10 seconds and the return of the ball to the backcourt were once suspended, because the touchline midpoint was cancelled after the 1960 17 Olympic Games. 1964 After the Olympic Games, the midfield line will be restored and these regulations will continue to be implemented. In 1977, it is added that after each team committed 10 foul, it made two free throws for defensive foul, shot prevention 1 foul, and missed free throws 1 penalty. After 198 1, 10 fouls, the penalty was reduced to 8 times. Obviously, the change of personnel and the development of skills and tactics have caused the change of rules, and the change of rules has promoted the further development and change of personnel, skills and tactics. Especially since the late 1950s, the changes of rules have constantly put forward new and higher requirements for the offensive and defensive speed of basketball matches, athletes' body, skills, tactics, will and style, and promoted the rapid improvement of basketball technical level. The women's basketball was listed as an official event only in197621Olympic Games.
Basketball was introduced to China from the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin around 1896, and then to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai. 19 10 After the men's basketball exhibition match was held in the National Games, basketball activities were gradually carried out in universities and middle schools in major cities across the country, especially in Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai. The rules of the game were simple at that time. Draw a middle circle with a diameter of about 1 m in the center of the court. The center player must put a hand when jumping the ball. The technology is also simple. After the jump ball in the middle circle, whoever receives the ball dribbles it himself, and shoots if he exceeds the defender. I was just dribbling in a straight line. The passing method is to pass the ball with one hand and put your hands on your chest. Running shot is a one-handed low-handed layup. The vertical racket is a low-handed racket with both hands in front of the stomach, no matter how far or near. 1925 or so, the five offensive and defensive athletes have a clear division of labor, center to center, defender to striker, someone staring at people, staring at their opponents. But the striker's duty is to attack and shoot, regardless of retreat; The defender's duty is only to defend the volley, regardless of shooting. Strikers and defenders rarely run all over the field, only the center should give consideration to both offense and defense. Later, it was gradually changed to 1 assisted two defenders (mobile defenders), and 1 stayed in the backcourt (fixed defenders). The two strikers also became 1 staying in the frontcourt to attack the fast break, 1 retreating to the backcourt to help defend. Technical movements have also developed, such as one-handed running shooting and expert shooting, two-handed standing shooting on the chest, one-handed passing and two-handed touching the ground, two-handed dribbling alternately dodging defense and advancing beyond defense. The restricted area and the free throw line have been added to the rules. A player who commits four fouls will be disqualified, and any player with 1 can be punished by the captain. The competition time is divided into the first half and the second half with an interval of 10 minute. After each shot or free throw, jump the ball to the middle circle and start the game again. But since 1926, the basketball level in China has been greatly improved.
1892, Smith, the inventor of basketball, made a simple rule of 18, and basketball entered the stage of confrontation, and then the organization leader and law enforcement arbitrator-referee came into being.
Foreign countries call basketball referees "ball cards", and there are two "ball cards" in each game. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, China called basketball referees "commanders", and there was only one "commander" in every basketball game. After liberation, it was renamed referee, and there were two referees in each game.
The current basketball referees in China are divided into five levels: international level, national level, first level, second level and third level. Due to the increasing speed and intensity of basketball games, in order to implement the rules more comprehensively and accurately, some countries have begun to try out three referees per game.
Rules:
1. Gongping. This is the basis for modifying the rules. Rules should be fair to both sides of the game. Because the basketball game is a contest of basketball consciousness, skills and tactics and physical quality between the two sides under the same conditions of time, space, venue and number of people.
2. Balance. Balance (or balance) means that both offense and defense must be balanced. If a game is easy to score or difficult to score, it will make the game dull and not exciting, then the wonderful charm of the basketball game will be lost.
3. Define the meaning. The definition of rules should be concise and accurate.
4. compile. Rules should be compiled, avoid duplication, be consistent and not contradictory.
5. Keep it short. The rules should be short and to the point, and avoid verbosity that makes people difficult to understand.
6. Outside the case. There are many rules in front of the rules. If there are no exceptions (that is, comments), it is difficult to enforce the rules. The exception is to ensure the implementation of positive law.
7. Safety. Rules should ensure personal safety and the smooth running of the competition in a good environment and atmosphere.
8. power. The referee must be given the power to execute the rules competently and authoritatively in the competition.
9. Continuation. The rules should minimize the number of interruptions of the game, so as to ensure the continuity of the game and make the game more compact and exciting.
10. No profit. Rules should make no one in the game benefit from violating the rules, so that the game can be played fairly and reasonably.
[Edit this paragraph] Basic rules
Basic rule one
1. Competition method
There are five people in a team, one of whom is the captain and at most seven substitutes, but the number can be increased according to the organizer. The game is divided into four quarters, each of which is 10 minute, NBA 12 minute, with a 5-minute break, NBA 130 second, halftime 15 minute and NBA 15 minute. At the end of the game, if the two teams have the same points, overtime will be played for 5 minutes. If the score is still the same after 5 minutes, a 5-minute overtime will be played again until the tie is broken.
2. Fraction type
After the ball is thrown into the basket and approved by the referee, it is counted as a score. 3 points can be scored for the inner input of the branch line; You can get 3 points for shooting outside the three-point line, and the penalty 1 point.
3. Way of proceeding
At the beginning of the game, each team pushes a jumper to the central jumper area, the referee throws the ball, and the jumpers from both sides start the game.
4. Player replacement
The substitution of each player should be completed within 20 seconds, and the number of substitutions is unlimited. The time to exchange players is when someone fouls, fights for the ball, calls a timeout, etc. The referee can temporarily suspend the timing of the game.
5. Free throw
Each player has four chances to be allowed to foul, and the fifth time is all out (6 times in NBA). And cannot be played again in the same game. Free throw is shooting when no one can stop or defend it. It is a punishment for the offending party and an opportunity for the opposing party. Stand behind the free throw line and shoot within 10 second after receiving the referee's ball. After shooting, you can't cross the free throw line before the ball touches the basket.
lawbreaking
Generally, it can be divided into (1) common violations, such as walking with the ball, dribbling twice (double belt), kicking the ball (foot ball) or hitting the ball with the fist. (2) jump ball violation; (3) Illegal jump ball: Before the jumper touches the ball, no one except the jumper is allowed to enter the central jump ball area.
Basic rule 2
24-second rule: the attacker must shoot within 24 seconds of holding the ball (24 seconds for NBA, CBA, CUBA, WNBA and 35 seconds for NCAA).
8-second rule: the team must control the ball from the backcourt and make the ball enter the frontcourt (the opposing half) within 8 seconds.
Five-second rule: after holding the ball, the player must throw the foul ball within five seconds, and the FIBA rules stipulate that the free throw must also be shot within five seconds.
Rule of 3 seconds: divided into offensive 3 seconds and defensive 3 seconds. Attack for 3 seconds: the attacking player shall not stay in the 3-second zone for more than 3 seconds; Defensive for 3 seconds: When the offensive player corresponding to the defensive player is not in the 3-second zone or the edge of the 3-second zone and completely gets rid of the defensive player, the defensive player shall not stay in the restricted area for more than 3 seconds.
Personal foul: a foul caused by physical contact with an opponent.
Technical foul: A player or coach is convicted of a foul for poor performance, such as an argument with a referee.
Disqualification foul: a foul action made by a player that does not reflect the spirit of the athlete, such as hitting someone. When this happens, the player should be sent off immediately.
A player fouls 5 times: No matter whether it is a personal foul or a technical foul, a player * * * fouls 5 times (6 times in NBA) and must leave the field. No more games are allowed.
Foul: Violation of rules, neither personal nor technical. The main violations are: illegal dribbling, taking the ball away, 3 seconds violation, letting the ball out of bounds, kicking the ball with your feet.
Player out of bounds: The ball is out of bounds when the player touches the area outside the sideline or string with the ball or the ball itself. The ball doesn't go out of bounds in the air until it hits the line or out of line.
Interference ball: When the shot ball falls to the basket, neither player can touch the ball. Defenders must not touch the ball when it is in the basket.
After the ball hits the chessboard, the opponent must not touch the ball until it falls.
Players closely watched by defenders: Players closely watched by defenders must pass, dribble or shoot within 5 seconds, otherwise their team will lose possession of the ball (which is not stipulated in NBA rules).
Ball back to the backcourt: if the team has moved the ball from the backcourt to the frontcourt, the team players can no longer move the ball across the center line and transport it back to the backcourt.
Skills and basic skills in competition:
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[Edit this paragraph] Basketball terminology
(1) Dunk: The athlete holds the ball with one hand or both hands, jumps in the air, and directly pours the ball into the basket from top to bottom.
(2) Make-up: When the shot is missed, the athlete jumps in the air to make up the ball in the basket.
(3) Block: The attacker blocks the defender behind him with his footwork. This footwork is called blocking position (mostly used for rebounding).
(4) Catch the ball: move along the passing flight direction to facilitate catching the ball.
(5) Dislocation defense: The defender stands next to the attacker he defends and prevents him from catching the ball, which is called dislocation defense.
(6) Important position: The attacker blocks the defender behind him with his body and occupies a favorable position to catch the ball.
(7) Breakthrough: Break through the defender with the ball.
(8) Empty cut: The attacker ran to the basket empty-handed.
(9) One pass: The receiver passes the ball 1 time from defense to attack.
(10) West el tapón: When the attacker shoots, the defender tries to hit the ball out of the air.
(1 1) Complement: When 1 defender loses the correct defensive position, other 1 defenders make up the correct defensive position in time.
(12) assist in defense: assist in defending peers.
(13) Press defense: Keep close to the attacker, and constantly threaten the opponent's ball control safety or prevent the opponent from receiving the ball with offensive and defensive actions.
(14) Oblique insertion: Run diagonally from the sideline to the basket or the center of the field.
(15) Time difference: When shooting, in order to avoid the cover of the opponent's defense, the air block is used to change the shooting time.
(16) serve: The offensive player without the ball takes the initiative to grab the position and receive the ball.
(17) Landing: disposal of both sides.
(18) Coordination: The attacker receives and transfers the ball through the tactical coordination organized by the players in the frontcourt or the middle of the whole court, resulting in attack opportunities such as empty cutting, bypassing cutting and covering.
(19) Cover: An offensive cooperation in which the attacker blocks the opponent's way with reasonable technical movements and creates opportunities for the partner to get rid of the defense.
(20) Sudden score: The offensive player with the ball passes the ball after breaking through.
(2 1) cross-cutting: The attacking player with the ball uses the empty cut immediately after passing the ball, ready to catch the ball and attack.
(22) Make-up defense: When 1 defender loses his position, it is possible for the attacker to score directly with the ball, and another 1 defender in the neighboring area immediately gives up his opponent to defend the attacker with the ball breakthrough.
(23) changing defense: prevent players from changing defense.
(24) Closing the door: Quickly select two adjacent players with the ball in the direction of the attacker's breakthrough to form a "barrier" to block the attacker's breakthrough route.
(25) Attack: Two defenders * * * get stuck 1 the attacker and block their passing route.
(26) Squeeze: When two attackers cooperate with each other, the members of the protected person approach to the back, seize the position at the moment when the attackers are about to complete the cooperation, squeeze between the two attackers from the side, destroy their cover and continue to defend their opponents.
(27) Crossing: When the attacker covers, the defender's players are slightly away from each other, so that the companions can pass through their own cover players and continue to defend each other.
(28) Pick and roll: Use the ball to block the defender for teammates.
(29) Air relay: A technique in which one teammate passes the ball in, another teammate catches the ball in the air, and then spikes or throws the ball into the basket before landing in the air.
(30) Bottom: When the outside player holds the ball and is closely defended by the opponent, the center or power forward will come out from the outside to catch the ball and then pass it safely to other players.
[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to the main location of the basketball court
Point guard (PG) (West Base)
The point guard has the most chances to get the ball on the court. He wants to bring the ball safely from the backcourt to the frontcourt, and then pass it to other teammates so that others can score. A qualified point guard must be able to pass the ball across the half court without any problem when only one person is defending. Then, he must have good passing ability, and he can pass the ball where it should go most of the time: sometimes it is a gap in shooting, and sometimes it is a better guide. Simply put, he wants to make the ball smooth, and he wants to be able to pass the ball to the place where it is easiest to score. Furthermore, he should organize his own team's attack and make his teammates' attack more smooth.
There are other requirements for the point guard. In terms of scoring, the player who controls the ball is often the team's last scorer, which means that unless other teammates don't have a good chance to shoot, he won't shoot easily. Or to put it another way, his scoring ability is very strong. He uses his scoring ability to destroy the opponent's defense and create opportunities for his teammates. In short, there is an unchangeable principle for the point player: if any teammate has a better chance to play on the spot than him, he will definitely give the ball to the teammate with a better chance.
Shooting guard (SG) (Coltat West)
The shooting guard takes scoring as his main task. He is the second leading scorer in the field after the small forward, but he doesn't need to practice singles skills like the small forward because his teammates often help him find a gap and shoot. However, because of this, his outside accuracy and stability should be very good.
Shooting guards often have to do two things. First, there is a good gap to shoot the outside line, so his outside line must be accurate and stable. Otherwise, if teammates try their best to block a good opportunity but fail to score, it will do a great blow to the morale and confidence of the whole team. The second is to find a small gap to throw an outside line, so he has to be quick. A good shooting guard can't expect such a good gap every time. He should be able to find shooting opportunities in a short time, and his shooting percentage should be at a certain level. This can stall the enemy's defense, and the defensive circle must be opened, which is more conducive to teammates' attack in the restricted area.
Small Forward (Small Forward) (West Alero)
Small forward is the team's most important scorer. The most fundamental requirement for a small forward is to score, and it is a long-distance score. As soon as the small forward receives the ball, his first thought is how to put the ball into the basket. He may rebound, but it is not necessary; He may pass the ball well, but it is not necessary; He may bounce well, but it's still unnecessary; He may defend well, but it's still unnecessary. The basic job of a small forward is to score, score and score again.
Small forward is the position with the lowest requirement for shooting percentage. Generally speaking, as long as 45% is qualified, more than 40% is acceptable. Of course, there is a premise that he wants to score goals. If a small forward averages seven or eight points per game and hits only 40%, it is better to let him sit on the bench. On the other hand, why can the shooting percentage of small forwards be lower? Because he is the main scorer in the team, he often has to take the initiative to look for opportunities to shoot, stabilize the morale of the army at some moments, and even boost morale by singling out opponents in more difficult ways, and even give opponents a fright and a head-on blow. So the small forward will have more chances to shoot, or it may be a bad chance, so we can allow him to play lower, as long as he can score.
Power forward (PF) (Siala-fulcrum)
The task of power forward in the team is almost always very hard. Rebound, defense and blocking are all indispensable to him, but he is often the last to score. So power forward can be regarded as the most inconspicuous role on the basketball court.
The first job of power forward is to rebound. Power forward is usually the person who rebounds the most on the team. He is stuck in the penalty area, cooperates with the center and often provokes the rebounding task of the whole team. When attacking, he often helps his teammates to block people, and then tries to squeeze in to grab rebounds and carry out the second wave of attack after his teammates shoot.
Generally speaking, power forwards rarely shoot, and their shooting positions are often close to the basket, which requires higher shooting percentage. In terms of five positions on the court, power forward should be the one with the highest hit rate, and a good power forward should reach more than 55%. But because scoring is not his strong point, he can score few points, but he must grab more rebounds. In addition, Hotpot's defensive ability is naturally necessary for power forward, because he wants to consolidate the restricted area, and defense is of course important. In fact, power forward is to do two things well: rebounding and defense.
Center (c) (west axis)
As the name implies, the center is the core of a team. He spends most of his time selling labor and figures in the restricted area. He is offensive and defensive, and is the hub of the team, so he is called the center.
What will the center do? First of all, since he lives in the restricted area, rebounding is absolutely indispensable. Again, the restricted area is a battleground for all teams. Of course, opponents can't attack it easily, so the ability to block attacks and build hot pot is also indispensable. When attacking, the center often has the opportunity to stand in the penalty area near the free throw line (which is the center of the whole attack field) to catch the ball. At this time, he should also have good ball guiding ability and send the ball to a more suitable corner. The above three items are the basic skills that a center should have. In the team, the center is often responsible for scoring. He is the main inside scorer, corresponding to the inside and outside small forward. Because he wants to play singles, his shooting percentage can be lower, but his hand is often closer to the basket, so his shooting percentage is higher. Generally speaking, 52% can be used as a standard. The requirement of center's hit rate is second only to that of power forward.
A good center needs versatility. In attack, the center should have the ability to play singles near the basket, and he should be able to play singles with his back to the basket. Turning shot is the most common one, while jumping and hooking are more difficult to defend. Defensively, to be a good center, you should not only defend the players you should watch, but also help your teammates defend in time. To put it simply, if an enemy player bypasses his teammates' defense and enters the basket, the center should have the courage to make peace, while one person guards and defends his own restricted area. Of course, it doesn't mean that you can't leak it every time, but you always have the ability to "help". If a center can only keep his own people, it is not enough (unless the opponent is a super offensive center).
There is a deformation of the center, which is called the outer center. The difference between him and the normal center is that his attack is mainly to shoot outside shots, and less to do singles in the restricted area. Because the center is tall, other short people can't keep it at all, so the outside shooting can pull the opposing center out, so it is also very useful when the striker is strong. When defending, just like the average center, defend the opposing center and rebound as usual.
[Edit this paragraph] Basketball Tips
Selection and maintenance of basketball;
There are more than 100 basketball manufacturers, especially in Sanying, Spalding and CBA brand basketball markets. There are many kinds of basketball in the market, so it is very important to choose a basketball with good quality, because the basketball with good quality feels comfortable to use, and the basketball with stable bouncing and rotating performance will cultivate good dribbling habits and help to make standard and in-place technical movements. Good quality brand basketball can also enhance your self-confidence. Improve training quality and sports fun. Of course, high-quality basketball has a longer service life. For example, the impact times of Sanying brand and CBA brand basketball reach 35,000 times without deformation, and good basketball quality and service are more guaranteed.
First, the structure of basketball:
To buy high-quality basketball, we must understand the structure of basketball.
1, liner: that is, the bladder, that is, the heart of basketball, is made of black rubber at the innermost layer of basketball;
2. Wire winding: The middle and high-grade basketball must be evenly wound on the surface of the ball liner with nylon wire special for basketball, so that the ball liner forms a cocoon-like protective layer, but not every kind of basketball adopts this process, and many low-grade basketball does not wrap the wire, but uses gauze instead;
3. Intermediate bladder: the supporting structure between the inner bladder and the epidermis is made of rubber;
4. Skin: divided into three categories: rubber, synthetic leather (superfine strong fiber, PU, PVC, etc. ) and dermis;
5, the ball mouth: the "throat" of basketball inflation is very important for air tightness.
Second, where is the good quality basketball?
1, lining: brands like Sanying and CBA all use imported rubber, which is the same as the lining of high-end automobile tires. After strict patented technology processing, the bounce is soft and stable, which is the internal source of the delicate feel of high-quality basketball. A good feel will certainly bring good confidence.
2. Winding: Sanying, CBA brand basketball only uses nylon thread special for basketball with very good flexibility, and it is evenly wound with a precise special winding machine for basketball for 2 kilometers, which makes the basketball bounce more textured, the ball flies more stably and accurately when shooting, and the basketball is more firm and not deformed;
3. Leather: High-quality basketball is made of leather specially made by professional manufacturers, which can meet the requirements of different venues and the feel habits of customers. Sanying Basketball and CBA brand basketball provide a variety of basketball series with different materials for basketball lovers to choose from.
Third, how to distinguish all kinds of basketball
1, look for the trademark of brand basketball;
2, check the overall production process;
3, check the bounce, perimeter, center of rotation, ball technology and comprehensive feel, etc.
4. Check whether the free pin and bag are complete;
5. Check whether the printing and number of the certificate are consistent with the bar code on the sphere;
6. Check whether the retailer has the designated dealer certificate issued by the brand basketball manufacturer, and both Sanying Basketball and CBA brand basketball have specially made designated dealer certificates;
7. If you are not sure of the authenticity, you can call the manufacturer directly.
Buy a good quality basketball, but also pay attention to the use of:
1, the basketball pressure should be 7-9 kg, otherwise it is easy to deform. Test method: on the flat and hard ground, let the basketball fall freely from the height of 180CM, and the rebound height is 125- 145 cm, which is normal;
2. Pay attention to choose indoor/outdoor basketball with different material series according to different venues;
3. After use, clean the surface of the ball (leather basketball should not be wiped with wet cloth to prevent mildew) and store it in a cool and dry place.
Basketball court facilities
1. backboard (West el tablero): Both backboards should be made of transparent materials, preferably reinforced safety glass, and the hardness is equivalent to 3 cm thick wood. The size of the backboard is 1.80 m in width and 1.05 m in vertical height, and its lower edge is at least 2.90 m from the ground. The surface of the backboard should be smooth, and a rectangle with a width of 59 cm and a height of 45 cm should be drawn around. The upper edge of the bottom line of this rectangle must be connected with the upper end of the ring.
2. Basketball (West el canasta): Basketball includes the hoop (West el aro) and the basket (West la red). Basket-Made of solid iron, the inner edge is at least 45cm in diameter and at most 45.7cm in diameter, and painted orange. The minimum diameter of the metal hoop is 1.6 cm and the maximum diameter is 2.0 cm. Nets-should be white, hanging on the basket, its purpose is to make the ball have a slight resistance after entering the basket. The fishing net should have 12 meshes to be hung on the hoop, with a minimum length of 40 cm and a maximum length of 45 cm. The vertical height of the basket is 3.05 meters.
3. Ball: Basketball must be a perfect circle with orange color. The outer skin must be made of leather, rubber or synthetic materials, weighing 600-650g and having a circumference of 75-78cm. The degree of air pressure in the ball falls on the playing field at a height of about 1.8m from the bottom of the ball, and its rebound height shall not be lower than 1.2m or higher than 1.4m from the top of the ball.
4. Timer: Timer should be installed where everyone can clearly see it, so as to show the game time, scores of both sides and the number of fouls of the team.
5.24-second timer: The 24-second timer should be automatic, with digital countdown and seconds display unit.
6. Record forms: The record forms of all official competitions organized by FIBA must be approved by FIBA.
7. Foul card: It should be white, and the minimum size of the number should be 20 cm long and 10 cm wide. The 2×20-minute competition system is numbered 1 ~ 5 (1 ~ 4 is black and 5 is red). 4× 12 minutes, the number is 1 ~ 6 (1 ~ 5 is black and 6 is red).
8. Team foul sign: The team foul sign should be red, at least 20 cm wide and 35 cm high, and put it on the record table for everyone to see clearly.
Brief introduction of international standard basketball court
The basketball court (West la cancha) is a rectangular solid plane without obstacles. The standard playing field is 28m long and15m wide. The ceiling or the lowest obstacle shall be at least 7m high.
The long side of the basketball court is called the sideline and the short side is called the end line. All the lines on the court must be very clear, with a line width of 0.05m, and draw a circle with the midpoint of the center line as the center and the radius of 1.8m, which is called West el círculo central. West lazona de Tiro de 3 puntos/Tiro triple is a ground area defined by two arches on the court.
Regional setting of international standard basketball court
Forbidden area: draw two straight lines from both ends of the penalty area to the ground area formed at 3 meters from each end line.
West la zona de tiro libre: It is a semi-circular area with the penalty line as the center and the radius of 1.80m outside the restricted area, and it is the area where the penalty is executed.
Three-point shooting area: it is the ground area defined by two arches on the field.