Living in mountainous areas for generations, Yao people often come into contact with some interesting things in nature. By observing and simulating their morphological movements, another content of Long Encouragement is formed. For example, there are golden roosters spreading their wings, thrush jumping cage, goat anti-arm and so on; There are big lotus flowers, small lotus flowers, ancient trees with roots entwined and so on. These movements are vivid, imaginative and dancing freely, which enriches the artistic expression of the long drum.
There are other movements that show the details of daily life, such as beating rice, sieving rice, and tying a belt. , is also very lively, adding to the life interest of dance. In addition, some actions in previous specific sacrificial ceremonies, such as drum-beating, Fu Lin, worship, etc., have also become the expression of dragon encouragement.
Due to the differences in branches, languages, lifestyles and modes of production, the characteristics of Yao's Long Drum Dance are also different. Some styles of play are more active, with faster jumping movements and rhythms, and more changes in patterns. This style of play is mostly Guo style, commonly known as "martial arts"; Some styles of play are relatively steady, with slight tremor, gentle and slow movements and slow rhythm. This kind of play is mostly earthen kiln, which is often called "Wenda". And there are differences between high piles and short piles. The high pile is carried out on the basis of two legs and a half squatting, and the low pile is carried out on the basis of full squatting. Although the style of play is different, it is unified within the national style and has the characteristics of * * *.
The music accompaniment of the long drum is mainly suona, supplemented by drums. Due to the different performance time and occasions, there are "big blow and big fight" and "small blow and small fight". Wang's performance of the long drum is usually performed by beating, which is solemn and grand. Small blows are mostly used in festivals and other occasions, which are lively and lively. The music encouraged by the dragon also has certain programs. Blow the "Admission Card" before entering the room, the "Drumming" Qupai at the end of the performance, and the "seeing the guests off" card when the audience leaves, and the performance is over. Because the suona is melodious and melodious, the timbre is crisp, which adds a lot of color to the long encouragement.
Long drum dance is closely related to people's lives, so the activity of making long drums itself is also listed as one of the performance contents of dance, with coarse and fine movements and simple aesthetic feeling. Yao Long Drum Dance has the following artistic features:
1. group
Long drum dance is a kind of mass dance, regardless of gender, age and place, as long as there is open space, it can be performed, and the movements are simple and easy to learn. Except for some special drum performances, which require certain difficulties and skills, most mass drum dances show familiar life scenes, so they are easily accepted by people. Long drum dance is mostly a dance to celebrate festivals, which is rich in content and entertaining, attracting people's extensive participation. People get together, pick up long drums and dance as they please, expressing their joy and joy.
2. Folklore
The content of Long Drum Dance mostly shows the labor and life such as building houses, drumming, mountain opening, digging, rice husking, and imitating animals and their actions. Dance is vivid, both in form and content, which reproduces the life scenes of the Yao people, and at the same time shows the personality characteristics of the Yao people, such as enthusiasm, boldness, diligence, simplicity and courage. Yao nationality is distributed all over the country. People in different areas have different living habits and customs, and their drum making methods, musical instrument configurations and dance forms are also different. For example, in Hexian County, Guangxi, a small number of pebbles are placed in the hollowed-out drum belly, and the drum belly rustles when drumming, which has both drum sound and sand hammer effect; Guangxi tianlin drum is equipped with small bells, which can give off crisp bells when dancing; Hunan Long Drum Dance is also performed with Lusheng, and the dance forms are also divided into "solo dance", "couple dance" and "group dance". The combination of Long Drum Dance and ethnic activities reflects the art and culture of Yao people in different regions in different styles. Its rich connotation and strong folklore have become the carrier of inheriting Yao folk culture.
Step 3 be healthy
Jumping and encouraging, while playing drums, you also need different forms and different degrees of activities of all parts of your body. Long jump drums are mainly hand movements with various forms. Generally, the left hand holds the drum, the wrist rotates flexibly according to the movement of the drum, and the right hand beats the drum in the form of horizontal beat, vertical beat, oblique beat, back beat and shaking beat. The body can lean forward or backward, or beat the back drum when turning around, or twist the upper body, such as the "semi-squatting drum grinding" in the small long drum, and drive the upper body to grind with the knee as the axis; From bottom to top, change hands and beat drums on your chest at the same time; Knee movements include micro-squat, semi-squat, full squat, natural flexion and extension, vibration and elasticity; The footwork movements are relatively complicated, such as pushing and pulling back and forth, taking oblique steps, kicking drums with one foot, sometimes turning in circles, sometimes jumping, turning around, etc., and the movements are light, flexible and changeable. Long drum dance not only enhances the flexibility and flexibility of joints, but also improves the sensitivity and coordination of human body through the movements of hands, body and feet. At the same time, due to the uninterrupted squat movement of the knee, it has a good effect on strengthening the strength of quadriceps femoris and gluteus maximus and reducing the fat in the buttocks and abdomen. Therefore, Long Drum Dance is an excellent fitness exercise.
amusement
Legend has it that the Long Drum Dance was originally performed in memory of Wang Pan. Every year in Wang Pan Festival, people not only worship their ancestors, sing songs, but also watch the long drum performance. Young people wear drums, red scarves on their heads, and pheasant feathers on their bodies. ichalky sings melodious songs with manggongs, horns, suona and songs. The drums are strong, the dance moves are rough and unrestrained, and the atmosphere is extremely warm. It is precisely because of the festive atmosphere of long encouragement that today, Yao people will pick up long drums, sing and dance to express their joy on traditional festivals such as "Chinese New Year" and "Playing Songs Hall" on October 16th of the lunar calendar, or on occasions such as weddings and harvest.
5. Decorative
Long drum is one of the folk musical instruments that Yao people like very much, and it has unique national characteristics. As early as the Song Dynasty in the12nd century, Yao people had already made long drums, which were available in every village. They were not given away or sold, but only kept as family heirlooms. Before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many shapes of long drums, including ordinary long drums and extra-large long drums, and there were also long drums and short drums in ordinary long drums. In the Ming Dynasty, I took care of "Diseases of Countries in the World": Pangu is called ... The drum is made of wood, the diameter of the circle is larger than that of the bucket, the hollow ends are big, and the four-legged one is called the long drum; Two feet are called short drums. The long drum is not only an accompaniment instrument in the long drum dance, but also a prop in the dance. There will be a long drum performance during the festival. At the same time, because of its exquisite production, exquisite appearance and rich national style, Yao drum has become an ancient and exquisite national handicraft. Long drums, colorful costumes and exquisite handmade ornaments have become models of Yao folk art, inheriting Yao's long and ancient national art and culture. In addition, the content and form of Long Drum Dance are also related to the political, economic and social conditions in a certain period, reflecting people's ideas and values in a certain period and closely related to people's lives. It is the epitome of Yao culture and a very representative work of inheriting Yao culture.
6. Aesthetics
Long drum dance performance gives dancers and audiences aesthetic enjoyment in hearing and vision. Long drum music is simple and elegant, with distinct rhythm, beautiful melody, passionate emotion and strong dance rhythm. This kind of music with national characteristics deeply touches the hearts of listeners and makes dancers and audiences feel relaxed and happy. There are a large number of long drums, the clothes are neat and gorgeous, and the wonders strongly impact the viewer's vision; The dancer's passionate movements lead some people in the place to revel in the beauty of dance art.