Marathon is a very popular long-distance running event in the world, with a total length of 26 miles and 385 yards, which is equivalent to 42. 195 km (also known as 42. 193 km). There are three kinds of marathons: full marathon, half marathon and quarter marathon. Full marathon is the most popular. Generally speaking, marathon means full marathon.

Half a horse is half the distance of a whole horse, so it is more suitable for most people to participate, because not everyone can run a complete horse, and half a horse will have a higher participation. Half horse is the fastest developing race in the world at present. The length of the half marathon is very challenging, and the requirements for runners are not as strict as those for the whole marathon.

Preparation before running half a horse:

1, know your own ability. Before considering half marathon training, the running coach suggested that you must be able to run 16 to 24 kilometers for a week. If you haven't established the running ability of this mileage at the beginning, you must wait until you have enough endurance before you can really sign up for the competition.

2. Start as soon as possible. Half-marathon training takes several months, so choose to participate in non-recent races so as to have time to make full preparations. If you are a junior runner, plan to train for 20 weeks before the race. If you are an intermediate runner, give yourself 16 weeks. If you are an advanced runner, you can train for 12 weeks.

How long does it take half a horse to finish?

The longest time for a half horse is about 3 hours. If it is the first time for an amateur runner to try a marathon, you don't have to think about time and set a high goal for yourself. Just think about the feeling of trying a marathon and complete a challenge to yourself. If you take part in the competition with this mentality, you may get unexpected results.

Marathon is a long-distance running sport that tests endurance. Now the stipulated length is 42 kilometers, 195 meters or 26 miles and 385 yards. More than 800 marathons are held every year in the world. Large-scale activities are usually attended by tens of thousands of people, and most of them are for fitness and leisure.

Marathon was originally a place name in Greece. 30 kilometers northeast of Athens. Its name comes from Phoenician marathus, which means "rich in fennel", and it is named after countless fennel trees growing here in ancient times. This is the name of marathon in sports. It was not until1920,42.195 km that it became the official marathon distance.

Marathon and legend are inseparable, and the history of marathon is also controversial. The standard length of the marathon was formally formulated by the IAAF in 192 1 year, that is, 42 kilometers, 195 meters or 26 miles and 385 yards. Because the marathon is held on the highway and the track conditions are different, there is no "world record" for a long time, only "the best result in the world" (or "the best time") is used as the runner's performance record. Until 2004, IAAF officially adopted the marathon world record, bidding farewell to the era when there were only the best results in the world.

Rules:

Players' physical condition needs to be recognized by the medical institutions of the competition before they can participate in the competition.

The starting point and finishing point of the marathon are located in track and field, and most of the races are held on the expressway. Generally, turning route or circular route is adopted, which can be a round-trip route with the starting point and ending point at the same place, or a one-way route with the starting point and ending point not at the same place.

There are milestones, drink stations and road signs along the way. The race route should choose a flat avenue to avoid crossing the railway and urban areas. Set up a beverage station every 5 kilometers and tell the time, and set up a water supply point between the two beverage stations.

Sports charm:

One of the charms of the marathon is the opening of the venue. Other sports, as long as they can be used for competitions, are either familiar plots or ordinary circles, while the venues for marathons mostly choose urban roads. For the contestants, every step and every paragraph is a different scenery.

The second charm of the marathon is the tolerance for the contestants. In other sports, only the same athletes can compete in the same venue. It is almost impossible for amateurs to compete with professional athletes pk. Unlike marathons, both professional and amateur athletes can compete together.

There are obviously more than two charms of marathon, but it is undeniable that it is the two reasons of openness and tolerance that make marathon bring more joy to people.

Player requirements:

Physical condition:

(1) Being short and light is not a disadvantage.

Marathon runners are generally shorter than other runners.

(2) The chest circumference index should be larger.

Bust index = (bust/height) * 100%.

The chest circumference index is large, indicating that the heart and lungs in the chest are very developed. Therefore, it can be considered that being born with a large chest circumference index is one of the natural conditions for becoming a marathon runner.

(3) Upper respiratory circulatory system.

Height, weight and chest circumference index are appearance characteristics, but the more important aspect of marathon runners' adaptability is the respiratory and circulatory system, that is, the functions of lungs and heart.

(4) The ratio of vital capacity to body weight should be large.

Ratio index of vital capacity to body weight = (vital capacity/body weight) * 100%. People with high ratio of vital capacity to body weight are suitable for long-distance running. This conclusion also applies to whether a runner is suitable for running a marathon.

As for vital capacity, the amount of air in and out of the lungs at rest is about 400ml (one breath). On this basis, you can inhale about 1700ml (prepared inspiratory volume) and exhale after exhalation 1600ml (prepared expiratory volume). Lung capacity is the sum of these items,

Vital capacity = one breath+prepared inspiratory volume+prepared expiratory volume.

Although vital capacity cannot directly represent respiratory function, it is beneficial for athletes to have a large vital capacity. The vital capacity of ordinary adult males is 3000-4000ml, and that of adult females is 2000-3000ml. The vital capacity of track and field throwers is particularly large, and some of them exceed 6000ml.

(5) Strong stomach and liver.

Marathon training and competition require a lot of energy. In order to replenish energy, you need to have a good function of digesting food, and a strong stomach is very beneficial. Among the nutrients that people absorb. Sugar (carbohydrate) is decomposed from glucose into glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscles in various parts of the body. During exercise, the energy in the muscles is consumed first, and then the glycogen stored in the liver will be supplemented by blood.

For marathon runners, it is extremely important to have strong energy storage and replenishment capabilities. The advantages and disadvantages of the stomach may mostly be congenital factors, but the ability to store and replenish energy can be improved through training.

Basic ability:

Marathon can be said to be the ultimate goal and the other side of yearning for athletes interested in long-distance running. There are many unknown possibilities, and you can imagine the joy of becoming an athlete after completing your ideal.

However, for young athletes and athletes without systematic training, marathon is a very difficult project. Therefore, long-distance runners must undergo systematic training, have long-distance running ability (speed and endurance), and adjust their physical and psychological state before taking part in the competition, instead of just making up their minds or expecting a marathon. A runner who takes part in a race without adequate preparation may be disappointed or have a wrong understanding of the marathon, because he has broken his dream.

Spiritual strength:

No matter what kind of sports, if you want to be an excellent player, the most important thing is to have the endurance to bear all kinds of mental and physical pains and the ability to control yourself, and often show fresh enthusiasm for the game and keep working hard for your ultimate goal.

However, few people are born with such a noble spirit. Athletes must grow spiritually and form their own character as athletes through their own experiences or the influence of teachers, coaches, old-timers and movies and books.

In addition, through step-by-step training every day, regular daily life and experience in the game process, further mental torture, so as to develop a confident and humble mental state.

Some people say that "marathon is a lonely race, you have to fight against yourself". Marathon does not need any competitive equipment, only the athletes' own bodies. The competition conditions are equal, the referee is completely fair, and the strong always wins.

Spiritual strength is not born to you, but is gradually cultivated through training as an acquired sociality.

In the marathon, psychological strength occupies a large proportion, which is one of the basic conditions for becoming an excellent athlete.

Watch etiquette:

In the marathon, spectators can cheer for the athletes on both sides of the runway, but they should also pay attention to some manners.

You can't just hand water to athletes.

When watching the game, some spectators will hand the water in their hands to the athletes out of kindness, which is strictly forbidden, because the athletes are not allowed to drink the water or drinks provided by the organizing Committee at will. The audience's action of handing water can not only help the athletes, but also lead to the athletes being sentenced to foul or even out.

You can't cross the line.

Just like watching a game in a stadium, spectators are not allowed to cross the line, rush to the track and cross the track.

Come on, be civilized, and don't boo.

When the athletes run by, the audience should clap, cheer and applaud, but not clap and boo. Don't be noisy or loud when watching, but be polite and enthusiastic when clapping.

There are no balloons and kites.

Because the TV media will broadcast live all the time during the competition, sometimes even helicopters are needed for aerial photography, it is forbidden to hang or fly balloons and kites at the starting point and around the track during the competition. Residents along the railway should not air their clothes outdoors.

Be careful not to crowd and trample.

During the marathon, corresponding traffic management will be carried out. During this period, pedestrians, non-motor vehicles and motor vehicles are strictly prohibited from crossing the race route except those who hold marathon vehicle passes. It is forbidden for spectators to crowd and trample; It is strictly forbidden to occupy the road in the competition route, set up stalls and occupy the road for parking; No littering is allowed on the race route, and the roads are kept clean and tidy.

Olympic marathons over the years:

The idea of setting up a marathon in the first modern Olympic Games came from the French historian Michel Blair (French: Michel Bréal). This idea was strongly supported by Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic Games. Greek Spiridon? Louis (σ π υ ρ? δων "Σπ? ρο?" Λο? η? ) won the first Olympic marathon in 2 hours, 58 minutes and 50 seconds.

The women's marathon was included in the official competition at the 1984 Summer Olympic Games in Los Angeles. Joan from America? Joan Nott won the race and became the first woman marathon champion in the modern Olympic Games. Her time is 2 hours, 24 minutes and 52 seconds.

Since the first modern Olympic Games, it has become a tradition to put the men's marathon at the end, and the finish line is located in the main stadium.

The marathon of the 2004 Summer Olympic Games resumed the route of the first Olympic Games, from the marathon town to Athens, ending at Panathinaiko Stadium (π α ν α θ ν α? κ? στ? Δ ι ο), and an award ceremony was held at the closing ceremony.

The men's marathon record is 2 hours, 03 minutes and 23 seconds. By Kenyan player Wilson? Cuyp created it at the 20 13 Berlin Marathon.

The distance of marathons in the previous four Olympic Games was set by the organizers at will. 1896 Athens Olympic Games, the marathon distance is less than 40 kilometers; 1900 Paris Olympic Games, about 40 kilometers away; 1904 three? The distance of Lewis Olympic Games is about 4 1 km. Until 1908 London Olympic Games, the starting point of this marathon was located in Windsor Castle and the end point was located in Baicheng Stadium. The total length of the track is 42. 195 km, which will become the standard of Olympic marathon events in the future.

History of China Marathon:

The Chinese Marathon Grand Slam is also committed to spreading marathon culture, and will work closely with all the member event units to provide better services for professional marathoners and mass runners, and build a higher-level communication platform for event operators, media and sponsors.

The establishment of the Chinese Marathon Grand Slam will help sports units in various leagues to promote marathon culture, create a brand-new city marketing carrier, expand the influence of the city, integrate commercial and media resources, jointly purchase, optimize the operation structure and reduce the cost of running the competition.

The Grand Slam will set up a brand-new membership system, providing rich bonus feedback and material incentives for runners, and encouraging China runners to actively train in the Chinese Marathon Grand Slam to create better competitive results. At the same time, establish and improve the runner communication platform to provide more quality services for mass runners and provide more opportunities for members to participate in the event.

As a brand-new business alliance that runs through the whole year and spans the whole country, the Chinese Marathon Grand Slam has immeasurable brand and commercial value. Under the benign development mode of "government guidance, social participation and market operation", China Marathon Grand Slam will build a higher platform for business cooperation, providing more and wider publicity and exposure opportunities and marketing channels for commercial brands that are concerned about and keen on the marathon market.

China Marathon Grand Slam will jointly promote the development of marathon culture with other member units, including North Malaysia, create the standard of high-quality events, and become the weather vane and core driving force leading China Marathon to higher quality.