Fracture Winter temperature tends to make human bones stiff and fragile, and the extensibility of muscles and joints decreases, which affects people's sports flexibility and body coordination. Therefore, we must pay special attention to prevent slipping and falling, otherwise it will easily cause accidental injuries such as falls and fractures. There are two common types of fractures. One is that there is no wound and the flesh is not damaged, which is called closed fracture; The other is that the bone tip penetrates the flesh, which is called an open fracture. For open fractures, you can't take them back and rub or massage them by hand, otherwise osteomyelitis will easily occur. Dress the affected area with sterile gauze, fix it with a plate after hemostasis, and send it to hospital for treatment. If the fracture is in the upper limb, the joint can be fixed on the trunk; Lower limb fracture, can straighten legs and feet, fixed on the opposite limb and sent to hospital for treatment. When exercising outdoors, we should try to avoid icy roads. When exercising indoors, we should also make full preparations, stretch our limbs and "warm up", which is conducive to preventing accidents such as fractures.
Sudden death Sudden cardiac death includes two types: quiet type and sports type, among which 8 1% sudden death is quiet type, which is caused by sudden coronary heart disease and pulmonary embolism. In addition to sudden death caused by heart disease, excessive exercise is also an important cause of sudden death. For example, during long-distance running, the cardiovascular system will be overwhelmed, and the demand for blood and oxygen will suddenly increase, while the supply will be relatively reduced. In this state of ischemia and hypoxia, the runner's heart will appear acute ischemia, and then cardiac arrest and cerebral blood flow interruption will occur. Ensure the safety of running. If you feel uncomfortable during running, stop immediately and don't insist.
The main reason of tendon strain around the shoulder is that the tendons and muscles around the shoulder are repeatedly stimulated and injured by repeated overload exercise, and the affected area will be red and swollen, which will be aggravated during exercise. Tendon injury around shoulder can be divided into acute injury, chronic strain and tendon tear. Typical symptoms are swelling and pain of local muscles in the shoulder after playing ball, and pain or even difficulty when the arm is slowly lifted, such as tendon tearing, which will make you feel weak. Ice should be applied in the acute stage after injury, and the shoulder joint should rest more and reduce activities. Repeated symptoms, serious injury, need to see a doctor.
Tennis elbow is not only caused by tennis, but also by playing badminton, table tennis and doing housework. Patients will feel pain on the outside of the elbow, and their grip strength will be reduced and their exertion will be poor. Backhand stroke is very difficult, mainly because there is inflammation in the tendon. Acute pain after exercise should be iced, and anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs should be taken orally and externally. Chronic inflammation can be treated by physical therapy and elbow protection.
The injury of ligament and meniscus of knee joint is very important to stabilize joint. Sprain and collision during exercise can easily lead to ligament tear, joint instability, swelling and pain after exercise and other symptoms. Meniscus is two cartilage pads in the knee joint, which is the shock absorber of human body. Tearing after meniscus injury can cause joint murmur and pain when squatting. If the ligaments and meniscus of knee joint are not found in time after injury, it is easy to be repeatedly injured while continuing to exercise, resulting in traumatic synovitis and articular cartilage wear, leading to premature joint degradation.
Abdominal pain mainly occurs in people who stop exercising for a period of time, resume exercise training, or occasionally participate in physical activities. It is generally believed that lateral abdominal pain is hypoxic pain caused by insufficient blood flow of respiratory muscles during exercise. Strenuous exercise immediately after meals or gas accumulation in the intestine may also cause side abdominal pain.
Muscle spasms and cramps are excessive muscle contraction caused by cold stimulation, excessive mental stress and physical exertion. They are the most common in some long-term sports or swimming, and they are also prone to cramps under the condition of insufficient preparation for warm-up exercises. When a cramp occurs, the muscles are hard and painful, and often cannot be relieved immediately. Improper handling can cause muscle damage.
Muscle injury Muscle injury is not only caused by direct external force, but also caused by indirect external force. After a muscle strain, the wound is painful, swollen, tender or spasmodic, which is difficult to touch. When the injured muscle actively contracts or passively elongates, the pain is aggravated.