Introduction: I will bring you some ways to cultivate children's interest in independent reading. I hope I can help you. Thank you for reading.
First, about accompanying reading and independent reading.
1. Accompanied reading
It means that children didn't know words before, or they knew few words. In order to let children learn knowledge from reading, broaden their horizons and enrich their imagination, young parents spend some time reading with their children before going to bed or during the day. When reading, parents mainly focus on reading, supplemented by children's listening, and sometimes they can interact randomly. Parents make up stories for their children, or let their children make up stories with their imagination.
Independent reading
It means that children, on the basis of increasing their literacy, start with simple articles or paragraphs and try to make limited guesses and grope for reading by combining pictures and words themselves. Autonomous reading is a process in which children try to read independently with interest without relying on their parents to accompany them all the time. At first, children may be like swallowing dates, but they don't really understand them. However, with the expansion of children's literacy, there will be a process from initial incomprehension to gradual understanding. When children feel the pleasure brought by books from independent reading, they will gradually pay attention to the reading content and expand the field of reading.
Second, the transition between the two reading
There are obvious differences between the two reading methods from the subjective point of view. Accompanying reading depends on young parents to assist children, who are guided by parents to complete independently. In the transition from accompanying reading to independent reading, young parents need to spend more time and energy to cultivate their children's interest and stimulate their awareness of actively paying attention to reading content.
The initial transition should start with a sentence and a picture. Young parents guide their children to read by themselves and make clear the general meaning of a sentence. If the child's literacy is small, let the child read the words he knows first, then the parents read the words he doesn't know to the child, read them several times, let the child read a sentence again, and finally explain to the child what this sentence means. When children can read a sentence by themselves, then they can describe the meaning of the sentence to exercise their oral expression ability. Reading pictures is the same. Because of the content in the picture, some children may understand it and some don't. Young parents need to explain the people, things and things in the picture to their children, let them understand the meaning through observation, and then guide them to say the meaning in the picture in their own words.
Through step-by-step guidance, children will be able to consolidate the words they have known before and combine the familiar words into one sentence to further understand their meaning. The same is true of looking at pictures, and children will gradually understand the rich content contained in the pictures. In the process of changing the two reading methods, young parents need to encourage their children, affirm their efforts, and let them constantly enhance their self-confidence in reading, thus laying a solid foundation for independent reading.
Third, enter the cycle of independent reading.
If young parents pay enough attention to their children's interest in literacy and insist on accompanying them every day, most children will know many commonly used Chinese characters after one and a half years, that is, about five and a half years old (children's memory is amazing, and as long as they read words with interest, sometimes they may remember a word two or three times, mainly because they are focused and not distracted, which is very different from adults). As for the specific amount of literacy, it varies from person to person, because in the process of cultivating literacy interest, children may be exposed to different words from different environments, some of which are simple words, while others involve complex words. But in any case, it provides interesting help for independent reading.
Maybe some young parents will wonder when too many children will enter a completely independent reading state. You don't have to worry. Reading and accumulation is a long-term process, because we have a good reading environment and Chinese is our mother tongue, which provides a good guarantee for children to establish their interest in independent reading. At the same time, we can look back and see that children have reached a higher stage in oral expression. If you analyze it carefully, you will find that many of the words spoken by children are in line with the grammatical rules of Chinese characters. In this way, when children read independently, as long as they know more than half of the words in a sentence, combined with oral expression habits, children can guess what a sentence probably means.
By observing the cultivation of children's interest in independent reading, I found that as long as young parents attach great importance to the cultivation of children's literacy and reading interest, after two to three years of persistence, most children can basically enter the state of independent reading. However, considering that many families cultivate their children's interest in reading, because young parents neglect to cultivate their children's interest in literacy and don't know how to cultivate their children's interest in independent reading, children miss the sensitive period of their interest in literacy and independent reading before school. Until the children went to primary school, many children did not enter the substantive training stage of reading interest because they were tired of coping with homework and took some interest classes every day.
Fourthly, the positive significance of autonomous reading to cognitive and understanding ability.
I have always disapproved of some young parents letting their children enter the first grade prematurely, mainly because their cognitive and understanding abilities are still insufficient. Where do cognitive and understanding abilities come from? First, it is usually obtained through communication, education and guidance with young parents; Second, children get it from TV, Internet, communication and play. The third is from reading comprehension. All three channels need some time to accumulate. If young parents send their children to primary school too early, it means that children will enter a single classroom and lose many opportunities to improve their cognitive and understanding abilities.
Of course, some young parents may think that when children are in grade one, teachers will impart knowledge and know a lot of words in class, but this kind of classroom-style learning has a relatively narrow range of learning channels and very limited expansion of children's reading ability, which is not conducive to the improvement of children's learning ability. This is why many first-grade children can't understand what the teacher said, can't read the questions independently, and need parents to spend a lot of time with their children to study, which eventually makes them have a strong psychological dependence and lays a hidden danger for independent learning.
However, if young parents cultivate their children's interest in literacy from the beginning of their kindergarten classes (large classes), by constantly cultivating their children's interest in literacy, the amount of literacy will be great after their children enter the first grade. Some words are from textbooks, while others are learned after grade two or three. In this way, children can easily complete tasks independently in the process of reading and solving problems. When children's cognitive and understanding abilities are greatly improved through the cultivation of reading interest, it will be easy to listen to lectures in class, understand them more thoroughly, and finish homework after class more easily, so it is not difficult to get good grades naturally. Therefore, the cultivation of good reading interest will play a vital role in consolidating children's interest in learning.
Selection of reading materials for verbs (abbreviation of verb)
If you want children to like reading, you must do what children like. The principle of choice: be sure to combine your child's life. Otherwise, if you buy a lot of books for your child mechanically, the child may ignore or read them, or if you hand a book to your child, he or she will throw it aside at a glance. Young parents often ask me to recommend some books, but I politely refuse because there are great differences between children. Some children may like reading fairy tales, some like reading comic books with pictures, some like games, and some like reading nature books. What kind of books children like, or what kind of books they like, need parents to educate and guide them. Only when children feel the happiness brought by reading from the books they choose will they be willing to take the initiative to contact books every day and like reading.
1. Guide children to choose the corresponding books by combining comics.
Children watch cartoons every day, and some cartoons have corresponding books, such as Tu Tu with Big Ears, Spongebob, Blue Cat Series, Journey to the West (Children's Edition), Dinosaur World and so on. When children are watching cartoons, young parents can take their children to the bookstore and guide them to choose such books. Combining cartoons to guide children to choose and read books, it is easy for children to expand their strong interest in watching cartoons in time, to organically combine the visual and image thinking of watching cartoons with the words, pictures and abstract thinking of reading books, and to make children have visual images in their brains and content in understanding, which is easy for children to enter the state of reading interest.
2. Choose the corresponding books according to the toys children play.
In the process of cultivating literacy interest, I have mentioned that toy packages and instructions can be used to guide children to read, but they can still be used in the process of cultivating reading interest. The difference is that now children's reading and writing ability has improved, and they can read a sentence or a paragraph. When children encounter unfamiliar words, young parents can give them some help to get rid of unfamiliar words, or tell them the meaning of each sentence, so that children can gradually become interested in explanations. When children can gradually read the instructions by themselves, young parents can let go, and then when buying toys for their children, they can guide their children to read the instructions first to understand the assembly and operation methods of toys, so that children can actively read the instructions with their own interests in the application of toys, so that reading and practical application can be organically combined.
3. Choose relevant books in combination with small animals bought for children.
As I said in the previous chapter, buying a small animal to go home in stages and giving it to the child for care can help the child develop a sense of responsibility while giving love. Now that this matter is brought out, I think young parents must immediately understand my intention and let their children acquire relevant knowledge from books through raising. If you can think so, you are a very smart parent. Of course, in order to enhance children's attention to books, you might as well pretend to be confused and ask children: Baby, do you know how to raise this lovely little animal? What does it like to eat? Baby, what should I do if this little animal is sick? Baby, what are the living habits of this animal? How should we take care of them and so on? Why must these be difficult for children? At this time, children can be guided to the bookstore to buy relevant books, and then look for answers from them. When books are bought back, children will basically take the initiative to read them (you can help children as appropriate to prevent them from not reading because of lack of literacy). When you see your child enter the reading state with a sense of responsibility, you might as well praise him: Baby, seeing you study the knowledge about feeding so seriously, Dad is really proud of you because you are a very responsible boy. Baby, I dare say that this animal will be very happy in our house, because you have a great little master. ? Let's see, is it through raising small animals that children quietly enter the cultivation of reading interest?
4. Choose relevant books for children by combining the flowers and plants raised at home.
Every family will raise some flowers and plants, which should be watered, loosened and pruned at ordinary times, and the flowers should be replaced with soil, fertilized and exterminated at different stages. Some flowers like yin, while others like yang. These basic knowledge of farming can't be known to children, and they can be taught when they are led to do basic work together. After teaching for several times, you can ask your child: Baby, do you know why mom knows so much knowledge? The child may or may not have the answer, so you can say:? Baby, my mother learned all this from books. If you want to plant flowers better and make them bloom more beautifully, you must accumulate them through usual reading. If you want to acquire this knowledge, we might as well go to the bookstore to buy relevant books and come back to read them, so that we can master the skills of flower cultivation and enrich your knowledge. What a wonderful thing! ? When children put forward the idea of planting flowers better, they will pay special attention when reading naturally. At the same time, it can also guide children to read more books on other flowers and plants. I believe your children will get a sense of pleasure from the pleasing pictures in the book and have a strong interest in reading from the rich knowledge of nature.
5. Guide children to choose relevant books by family planting.
I often observe some families with children, and basically few people are engaged in family agriculture. If you want to make your children's extracurricular activities colorful, you might as well buy some flowerpots, or make some homemade utensils and plant plants such as peppers, tomatoes, corn, beans and leeks. The process of planting can not only train children's observation ability to observe plant growth every day, such as germination, leaf growth, flowering, pollination and fruiting. , but also exercise children's patience in watering, loosening soil, fertilizing and choosing sunshine. In the process of planting, young parents can introduce some related knowledge to their children, and at the same time, guide their children to pay attention to the related books they planted by taking them to the bookstore to buy books. I have a deep understanding of this. Since the age of 5, my son has been guiding children to plant different plants in flowerpots in different seasons every year and helping them choose relevant books. In the process of reading, the child will consciously compare the growth of plants with the pictures in the book, sometimes he will tell us his new discoveries with surprise, and sometimes he will read us something he is interested in from the text reading. In this way, in the process of happy family planting, children witnessed the whole process of harvest, cultivated their interest in independent reading, learned a wealth of knowledge of nature, and cultivated their interest in work and life.
6. Guide children to buy comic books.
There are many excellent cartoons, which can not only make children feel different happiness in the process of reading and appreciating, but also exercise their thinking imagination. For example, the comic book Father and Son is very close to real life, and many children especially like reading it. I remember that after my son bought this book in the bookstore for the first time, he simply couldn't put it down, and he still didn't want to put it down at dinner time. Seeing my son reading so carefully, I asked him to tell me the main idea of each cartoon. Children can basically describe it and sometimes use some wonderful language. For example, the cartoon "San Mao's Wandering" can easily touch children's hearts. When children are immersed in the growth process of Sanmao, they will be happy or sad with Sanmao's fate, which can greatly exercise their sympathy and awareness of distinguishing good from evil, beauty and ugliness. Of course, many young parents neglect to choose comic books for their children now, which often makes their children unconsciously fall into the pursuit of popular books. The cartoons that everyone likes to read are not necessarily positive, so children must be guided not to blindly follow suit.
7. Guide children to pay attention to reading when they are outdoors.
In the past, when we led our children to do outdoor activities, we often guided them to pay attention to a word. When we enter the stage of cultivating their independent reading interest, we should not only focus on knowing a word, but guide them to read some sentences such as shop plaques, billboards, billboards, fitness equipment descriptions, or let them tell you what the above contents mean. If children encounter new words in the process of reading, they can guide them to read through while excluding new words. When children can understand, you might as well give them some amazing compliments, such as? Baby, it's amazing that you can understand this sentence! Baby, you can read the above contents by yourself now, which is a great surprise for your mother. If you stick to it, you can read more. What a wonderful thing. Baby, you know what? Children like you, they basically can't reach your reading level, and you are much better in this respect. ? In this way, it is easy to stimulate children's interest in independent reading and make them feel proud. Therefore, as long as they accompany their children to do outdoor activities, young parents must do their duty. As long as you find something to read, you may wish to guide your children to pay attention and encourage them to read it out loud. As long as children are affirmed and praised in time, their self-confidence in active reading will be enhanced.
8. Subscribe to magazines for children
For children, if they have their favorite magazines, they will be very happy. When you get the magazine you subscribe to every month, you can't wait to read it, and even expect to receive next month's magazine one day earlier. Before subscribing to magazines, you must lead your children to read more in newsstands, bookstores, post offices and other places. Don't decide which one to choose, but observe which magazine your child reads. As long as your child pays attention to a magazine for a long time and is very interested in reading it, you can preliminarily conclude that your child likes this magazine. Through the control of young parents, you can determine whether magazines are suitable for children to read and meaningful for their growth. When you have a goal, recommend your child to choose a subscription. At the beginning of subscription, children may not browse a magazine, but choose what they like to read and enjoy. There is absolutely no need to force children to read page by page according to your requirements, but let them choose which to read or which to read. With the expansion of children's literacy, children will gradually read every article in the magazine with great interest. It is recommended not to subscribe to more than three magazines. If there are too many, children will have a sense of reading saturation, which is not conducive to the cultivation of interest. With the growth of children's age, magazines should be changed in time, and children's reading comprehension ability and hobbies should be considered when changing.
6. Matters needing attention in cultivating children's interest in independent reading
The cultivation of children's interest in independent reading can not be effective in a short time. On the one hand, you need to mobilize your family to study reading regularly, create a good reading atmosphere at home, and use the atmosphere to stimulate children's interest; On the other hand, it is necessary to help children choose books correctly and prevent them from being influenced by bad reading interests. Some methods of choosing books have been introduced above, and young parents can also expand their thinking on the methods according to the actual situation of their families and their children's personality characteristics.
1. Don't link extracurricular reading with exam results.
Young parents often ask me: Teacher Han, what kind of extracurricular books do you think can be bought for children to read in order to improve their grades? Hearing similar words, I want to tell young parents that without a book, or what kind of book, children can get good grades by reading and reading it. Reading is just a form of learning. Cultivating good reading interest can enrich children's life and improve their cognitive and understanding abilities. Many times, the books children read may have nothing to do with classroom teaching, but they can promote children's interest in learning, such as math learning. Through long-term reading training, children can easily understand what the teacher teaches in class, quickly understand the meaning of the question when solving problems, and reduce their dependence on their parents (children in the first and second grades of primary school may not understand the question because of their small literacy); For example, Chinese learning, through the cultivation of reading interest, can promote children's language expression ability, enrich children's imagination, expand children's literacy, accumulate rich vocabulary and improve children's Chinese learning ability. Therefore, please young parents who are eager for quick success and instant benefit, don't just think about sowing the seeds of hope today, but think about harvesting rich fruits tomorrow. You must change your wrong concept of study. Never associate children's extracurricular reading with their grades. Instead, we should maintain a normal mind and gradually improve children's reading comprehension ability by cultivating their interest in independent reading for a long time. Only when the learning ability goes up can you promote the improvement of your child's overall performance.
2. Don't buy too many extracurricular books for children at one time.
In order to cultivate their children's interest in reading, some young parents often buy many books for their children at once, which is very undesirable. Why is this? For children, if they get more than one book at a time, they will turn over this book and read that one, which will easily distract their attention and have a great influence on their reading concentration. Children sometimes seem to be reading, but in fact they just turn the pages curiously and can't settle down and concentrate on reading a book. At the same time, more books will make children feel saturated in reading. When children don't take books seriously and can get a lot of books at hand, both visual impact and one-time reading time will have a great impact. In order to build children's hunger for reading, I suggest that young parents can allow their children to read freely every time they take their children to the bookstore, but they must specify a good number for their children when buying, and only allow one or two books at a time, and try not to repeat the categories every time they buy books, so as to avoid children's preference for only one kind of books when reading. When I take my children to the bookstore, I often observe what books some children are reading. I found that most of them are reading comics and games, and they will choose such books when they buy them. I wonder if their parents know their children's reading preferences.
3. Don't just let children read by themselves, but also establish an interactive reading relationship.
If you let your child manage reading by himself, you may not know what the child has read from the book at all, or whether the child has extended the knowledge in the book to life. If you want to know your children's reading situation, you can encourage them to read independently and choose appropriate opportunities to establish reading interaction with them. For example, when you see a child reading a nature book, you can discuss the contents of the book with the help of natural scenery when you are outdoors, which is easy to stimulate children's discussion interest. The four seasons change, and the natural scenery is in the process of dynamic change. Through interactive communication, children can expand the knowledge in books into real life, thus training children to observe nature, discover details and enhance their imagination. For example, sometimes you can borrow a day's work and feel a little tired. You want your children to read one or two interesting articles to relax you and relieve fatigue. Naturally, your children will read them carefully with care and understanding. In the process of children's reading, you can judge whether children have encountered new words according to their sentence breaks and intonation. After reading it, you can ask some questions to see if the child can answer according to the content. For example, sometimes you can ask your child to tell you a little joke you read in a book, so that the other person can feel happy in laughter. For example, playing word solitaire can help children apply the vocabulary accumulated in reading to the game, thus achieving the purpose of consolidating reading and learning.
4. Don't just ask the children, but also let them ask you questions.
In order to establish a good parent-child communication relationship, in the process of communicating with children, we should not only reflect the content of education guidance, but also the content of reading appreciation, so that the content of communication can be more colorful and not boring. You can often ask your children to ask you questions about what you have read. If you are smart enough, you can give your children answers according to the questions they ask, or you can only give some answers with reservations (so that the children will supplement you), or you can pretend that you can't answer them and ask them modestly (the children will give you answers seriously when they see that the questions are difficult for you). When children enter the stage of independent reading, the questions raised are very different from those raised in early childhood. The questions raised in early childhood are often unconstrained, and sometimes they may ask you a lot of why with rich imagination, and children will no longer discuss the answers themselves. However, when you enter the independent reading stage, most of the questions your children ask you come from the reading content. Questions are often targeted and knowledgeable, and the answers are often single. If you answer wrong, the children will correct you according to the contents of the book. If your answer is incomplete, the child will give you a supplement. When children develop the good habit of asking you questions at will, you will find that children have gained rich knowledge from independent reading and have a rational understanding of their reading situation.
5. Don't be too superstitious about classic books.
It is often seen that some people recommend the so-called to young parents. Classic? Books are for children. Of course, I have no objection to letting children read classic books. Instead, it is emphasized here that in the process of cultivating children's interest in independent reading, if they focus too much on classic books, children may not be interested at first, because some things are too far away from their lives, and it is difficult for children to closely link reading with real life. In my opinion, only when children develop the good habit of reading independently can children feel different kinds of fun from classic books, otherwise their understanding ability will not go up. Classic? It is no different from chewing wax. Therefore, please ask young parents to think more rationally in the process of cultivating their children's interest in independent reading, and don't blindly follow suit. If you do that, you may delay the opportunity to cultivate children's interest and let them slowly lose interest in reading. Once children lose interest in reading, it is very difficult to cultivate them in the future.
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