What is the material of sponge?

What material is the sponge made of?

The so-called sponge:

(1)[ Sponge]: The lower organic marine animals that make up the phylum Spongiformes (such as the phylum Spongiformes and members of the phylum Spongiformes).

(2)[ Foamed rubber or plastic]: A porous elastic material, mostly made of rubber or plastic.

The scientific name of sponge is polyurethane plastic foam, which can be divided into rigid foam, soft foam, high-density and low-density foam polyester foam and polyether foam. Sponge is mostly synthesized by polyisocyanate and polyol. The basic reaction is that polyol reacts with polyisocyanate to form polyurethane. A large amount of reaction heat is generated in the reaction, which promotes the gasification of foaming agent. At the same time, water reacts with isocyanate to generate carbon dioxide. After absorbing the heat of reaction, the foaming agent gas generated by gasification begins to escape to form bubbles, and after forming "nucleating agent", it enters "emulsion time" to expand the bubbles, and finally forms a stable foam system. For the specific process and reaction principle, see Polyurethane Resin and Its Application.

Material type of sponge

There are many kinds of sponges used in industrial production, including foamed cotton, shaped cotton, rubber cotton and memory cotton. Setting cotton is a kind of material cotton, which is made of polyurethane material, mixed with various additives such as foaming agent, pressed into a simple mold and heated to press sponges of different shapes. Suitable for swivel chair sofa cushions and back cotton, and a few handrails are also stylized cotton. The material density is 55#~60#, and its elasticity conforms to the relevant national standards. The elasticity and hardness of sponge can be adjusted according to different parts of the product. Generally, the hardness and density of seat cotton are higher, followed by back cotton, and pillow cotton is softer. Foamed cotton is foamed with polyether, just like foamed bread. Foaming can be done by mechanical equipment or wood-based panels. Foam cotton is like a square piece of bread. After slicing with slicer, the thickness can be cut according to different requirements, and the hardness of foam can be adjusted. Generally, 25~28kg/ m3 is used for cotton setting, and 20~22kg/ m3 is used for others. Although the softness and hardness of sponge are directly related to the density, they are also related to the different formulations of additives, so the industry is divided into high elasticity, gray super, black gray super and soft cotton. When designing and using products, we should make reasonable and scientific collocation according to different shapes and structures. Sponges with different elasticity and density are generally distributed in the upper, middle and lower parts. There is a material (flame retardant cotton) in the sponge. In fact, before the sponge foams, a flame retardant, such as chlorine and bromine, is added to the material formula, which makes the sponge produce smoke when it catches fire and plays a role in flame retardant. A rubber sponge is foamed with natural latex as the main material. It has rubber characteristics, excellent elasticity, good resilience and no deformation, but it is expensive, 3~4 times higher than foamed cotton. Regenerated Sponge Regenerated Sponge, the international English name of BONDED FOAM, is a new product and a general sponge treatment method. Regenerated sponge belongs to the reuse of industrial leftovers of polyurethane products. Its use value is no less than that of sponge. It is made of industrial sponge scraps by crushing, stirring, steaming, high-temperature disinfection, deodorization and molding. The production cost is greatly reduced from the use of production cost. Good elasticity, good patience, no deformation, no odor. Can be made into products of various densities according to customer needs. The density of high-density and high-elasticity recycled sponge is above 60 kg/m3, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, flame retardancy, good tension, high elasticity and no deformation. After autoclaving, it is environmentally friendly, economical and practical. It can be widely used to make sofas, mattresses, boss chairs, sports equipment, such as sponge gymnastics mats, sponge fitness mats, sponge wrestling mats, sponge car cushions and other products, and has been widely accepted by countries all over the world. The broken sponge in the regenerated sponge is the unused sponge fragments and particles left after industrial cutting. This kind of broken sponge is a product that has passed quality inspection and reached the standard. At the same time, this small block particle is easier to shape and has a longer lasting effect. In the recycling sponge processing system, it is absolutely not allowed to use the folk recycled sponge in the recycling sponge processing process, and the used sponge has a very obvious taste. The recycled sponges in the market have peculiar smell, mainly because of the processing of waste sponges. Therefore, good consumers who recycle sponges can buy and use them with confidence. In all fields of national economic construction and people's life, the global annual output of polyurethane products is close to 7 million tons, and a large amount of waste will appear during the production process and after consumption: due to different production methods, 8%- 15% of scrap will generally be produced; In addition, after the service life of polyurethane products exceeds, its performance will be greatly reduced and scrapped, and all these wastes must be effectively recycled. Because these sponge scraps can't be directly thrown into nature, nature can't naturally absorb these sponges, even if they can be absorbed, it will take a long time; However, if the sponge waste is burned, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde and other toxic gases produced by combustion will have a very bad impact on the environment and human body, and even lead to poisoning death. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, research institutions and enterprises all over the world have begun to study more suitable methods to recycle these industrial broken sponges, so making them into recycled sponges is not only the need to reduce production and product costs and improve the effective utilization of substances, but also the requirement to prevent pollution and protect the environment. The increasing application of polymer materials has become the main source of municipal waste. Protecting the good ecological environment for human survival and making full use of resources have become a global strategic goal to ensure the sustainable development of economy and society. 1998 first > >