1, beginning of spring

In ancient times, the ceremony of "beating cattle" was carried out by the county government. The day before the bullfight, the local cattle were placed in front of the east gate of the county seat, called "standing cattle", and a dummy carrying farm tools and whipping the cattle would be set up next to it as a "cultivator" to show the arrival of spring ploughing season and the advance preparation of farming. The dummy "Geng Xu" is called "Mang Shen". If the "tiller" stands in front of the cow, it means that the spring ploughing season should be prepared earlier; "Thousand birds" stand behind the cow, indicating that spring is late; If people and cattle go hand in hand, the spring season is moderate.

On that day in beginning of spring, all officials will offer meat and fruit food in front of the local cattle in Python, and hold a grand ceremony of "beating cattle" at noon. Officials beat the local cattle three times with red and green whips or willow branches, and then handed them over to subordinate officials and farmers for beating in turn, so that the local cattle could be interrupted as much as possible to show people's love for spring. Later, people laughed and grabbed the clods of cattle and took them home to put them in the animal pen, symbolizing the prosperity of the trough head. It is said that it was sunny that day and everyone was very happy. If it rains in the morning, it means bad luck and indicates a bad year. ?

Step 2 rain

In ancient times, people had a habit of asking God for divination for their children to see what their children's fate was and whether they needed to find a michel platini. The purpose of looking for michel platini is to make children grow up smoothly and healthily. So there was the activity of rain festival pulling and protecting. This move has become a long-standing custom year after year.

In western Sichuan, the Rain Festival is an imaginative and human solar term. Whether it rains or not, this day is full of misty poetry: at the first light of the morning, there are some young women on the foggy roadside, holding their young sons or daughters, waiting for the first passerby. And once someone passes by, no matter men, women and children, stop each other, they will hold their sons or daughters to the ground, kowtow and make them godsons or goddaughters. This is called "bump into worship" among the people in western Sichuan, that is, whoever bumps into someone is who, and there is no predetermined goal in advance.

The purpose of "bumping into worship" is to let children grow up smoothly and healthily. Of course, the custom of "bumping into people to celebrate the New Year" still exists in rural areas. People in the city usually "worship" their children, either friends, classmates or colleagues.

3. Shocked

On this day, people have the custom of "beating villains" to drive away bad luck.

Sting symbolizes the beginning of February in the lunar calendar. It will wake up all hibernating snakes, insects, rats and ants with a thunder, and reptiles and ants at home will also get up and look for food everywhere. Therefore, in ancient times, people would smoke the four corners of their homes with incense and wormwood to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells. Over time, it gradually evolved into the habit of those unhappy people slapping their opponents and driving away bad luck, which is the predecessor of "beating villains".

So every year, there will be an interesting scene on panic day: a woman slaps a paper doll with wooden slippers and mutters, "Hit your little head until you feel sick."

The purpose of beating a villain is to hope that the villain will retreat and express his inner grievances.

4. vernal equinox

On the vernal equinox, there is a folk custom of laying eggs vertically. Tens of millions of people around the world are doing "vertical egg" experiments. How this toy, which is called "customized by China", became a "world game" is still difficult to verify. However, the game is simple and interesting: choose a smooth and symmetrical fresh egg that has just been born for four or five days, gently stand it up and put it on the table. Although there are many losers, there are also many winners. The vernal equinox has become the best time for vertical egg games, so there is a saying that when the vernal equinox arrives, the eggs will be beautiful. The eggs that stand up are very beautiful.

In the Lingnan area of China, there is a custom called "eating spring vegetables at the vernal equinox". "Spring vegetable" is a kind of wild amaranth, which is called "Artemisia annua" by local people. On the vernal equinox, the whole village went to pick spring vegetables. When searching in the field, it is usually light green, about the length of a palm. Picked spring vegetables are usually boiled with fish fillets at home, which is called "spring soup". There is a jingle that says, "Spring soup is dirty, but it washes the liver and intestines. The whole family is safe and healthy. " Since the spring of the year, people still pray for peace and health at home.

5. Qingming

On this day in Tomb-Sweeping Day, it goes without saying that there are traditional customs such as sweeping graves to worship ancestors, going for an outing in spring and planting trees and grass. This is an ancient legend about the origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day.

According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Zhong Er, the son of Jin Xiangong, fled his hometown to escape the scourge. During his exile, Zhong Er suffered humiliation. Most of the courtiers who went out with him went out one after another. Only a few loyal people have been following him. One of them is called meson push. On one occasion, Zhong Er fainted from hunger. In order to save Zhong Er, Jiezitui cut a piece of meat from his leg, cooked it with fire and gave it to Zhong Er. Nineteen years later, Zhong Er returned to China and became the monarch, that is, Jin Wengong, one of the famous five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.

After Jin Wengong came to power, he sent someone to invite mesons to take the imperial court to be rewarded and sealed. However, after several trips, the meson couldn't push it, and he had already hid in Mianshan behind his mother's back. Jin Wengong ordered the release of Yamakaji, forcing meson out. But meson pushed the mother and son to hold a charred willow tree and was burned to death. Jin Wengong looked at meson's body, regretted it, cried for a while, held a grand memorial service, and then buried the body.

The following year, Jin Wengong led his ministers to go hiking in plain clothes to show their respect and condolences. Walking to the grave, I saw that the old willow that was burned last year was actually resurrected, and thousands of green branches danced with the wind. Jin Wengong looked at the resurrected old willow tree and seemed to see the meson push. He walked up to him respectfully, lovingly squeezed a branch, braided it into a circle and put it on his head. After the sacrifice, Jin Wengong named the resurrected old willow "Qingming Willow" and named this day "Tomb-Sweeping Day".

6. Grain Rain

There is a sad legend about the origin of Grain Rain.

During the reign of Emperor Gaozong in the Tang Dynasty, there was a young man named Grain Rain who was very good at swimming. Once, there was a flood in his hometown of Cao Zhou. He used this skill to save the villagers, risked his life to save a peony flower and asked a gardener to plant it well.

A few years later, Grain Rain's mother was seriously ill. It is very hard for Grain Rain to take care of her mother and do things at the same time. At this time, a beautiful woman appeared in his family, taking care of his mother every day. Grain Rain has a long relationship with this woman. Just when Grain Rain wanted to marry this girl, he learned that this beautiful girl was the fairy peony, and it was the peony he saved several years ago. Fairy peony and Grain Rain agreed: "By April 8 next year, I will go to settle in the Valley Gate."

Later, the vulture, the enemy of Peony Flower Fairy, became seriously ill, forcing Peony sisters to treat her illness and brew Huaruidan wine. The peony sisters refused to take their own blood and brewed Dan wine for the evil thief to drink, but they were taken away and detained by vultures. Grain Rain has experienced many difficulties and obstacles. On his birthday, he finally broke into the magic cave, defeated the vultures and rescued Hua Xian. When everyone was ready to go home, the vulture that was not dead stabbed Grain Rain with a dark sword. Fairy peony was very angry. She picked up Grain Rain's axe and chopped the dying vulture into a paste! Turned to help Grain Rain's body, sobbing. Grain Rain saved the lives of these immortals with his own life.

Grain Rain is dead. He was born in Grain Rain and died in Grain Rain. He was only 2 1 year old when he died. Grain Rain was buried in the gardener's garden. Since then, Peony and all the flower fairies have settled in Cao Zhou. Every time I go to Grain Rain, the peony will open to show my memory of Grain Rain.

7. Long summer

In the coastal areas of China, there is a folk custom of "breaking eggs" on the day of long summer. At noon that day, every household had to boil eggs. Boil eggs in shells, don't break them. Soak them in cold water for a few minutes, then put on a woven silk bag and hang it around the child's neck. Children will play egg-beating games in groups of three or five. An egg has two heads, the pointed one is the head and the round one is the tail. When you beat eggs, the head of the egg hits the head of the egg and the tail of the egg hits the tail of the egg. Fight one by one, the loser gives up, and finally the high and low are separated. The winner of the egg head is the first, and the egg is king; The second egg won in the end. The egg is called Xiao Wang or Er Wang.

There is also the custom of "calling people" on this day in the long summer. People hang a big wooden scale at the entrance of the village or platform, and a stool is hung on the scale hook. Everyone takes turns to sit on the stool and weigh people. When weighing flowers, the caller said auspicious words. The old man will say, "weigh 87 and live to 91." The weighing girl said, "105 Jin, someone is looking for you outside." Unwilling, unwilling, the champion son has a fate. " The weighbridge said, "When the weighbridge is over ten or twenty-three, the young official will grow up. Seven county officials should not be guilty, and three public officials and nine ministers should climb. " Weighing flowers can only be typed in (that is, from decimal to large number), but not outside. The ancient poem goes: "Long summer is called a person, hanging beam laughs."

The custom of "calling people" on the day of long summer is mainly popular in the south of China and originated in the Three Kingdoms period. Chang Xia said that people will bring good luck to people, and people also pray for God to bring them good luck.

8. Xiaoman

On the day of Xiaoman, there is a custom of "grabbing water" and "offering sacrifices to the car god". In the old society, irrigation and drainage with waterwheels was an important event in rural areas. As the saying goes, "Little people move three cars (three cars refer to silk cars, oil cars and water wheels)." Start the waterwheel when it is full. Previously, farmers held a ceremony of "grabbing water" with the village fair as the unit, which was intended to drill in Haining area. Older deacons usually gather their families, set a date and arrange preparations. At dawn, they set out in groups, lit torches and ate wheat cakes, wheat cakes and wheat balls on the waterwheel. Deacons, with drums and gongs as their numbers, set foot on the waterwheel installed on the Xiaohe River in advance, and dozens of vehicles pumped the river into the fields in unison until the river was full of water.

"Sacrificing the car god" is also an ancient custom in rural areas. It is said that "Car God" is a white dragon. In front of the water, farmers put fish, incense sticks and other sacrifices on the car seat. What is special is that there is a cup of white water in the sacrifice, which is poured into the field during the sacrifice, which means wishing the water source flourish. These customs show that farmers attach importance to irrigation and drainage.

9. Miscanthus

On this day, people have the custom of "sending flowers to the gods" in their leisure and busy time.

According to the old saying, after the ear planting festival, when the fragrant flower shakes off and the flower god abdicates, the world will solemnly bid her farewell to show its gratitude. The 27th chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions vividly describes the farewell ceremony of the flower god, which is full of folk customs:

"The next day is April 26th. It turns out that this day is not the end of the ear festival. Ancient custom: On the day of transplanting rice, all kinds of gifts should be arranged to worship the flower god. It is said that once the planting of flowers is over, it will be summer, all the flowers will be unloaded, and the flower god will abdicate and have to say goodbye. However, this custom is popular in boudoir, so people in Grand View Garden get up early. "

10, summer solstice

Wonton is very popular in Wuxi on the solstice of summer. In ancient times, on the solstice of summer, people offered sacrifices to the gods in order to pray for the disaster to disappear and to be rich in the coming year. In the Qing dynasty, the worship of gods became more popular from summer to the sun, and the Japanese had to eat pasta to show their respect for the gods. It can be seen that on the solstice of summer, northerners eat noodles and Wuxi people eat wonton, all of which are pious sacrifices to God.

Wonton was called by the ancients as "like a chicken laying eggs, rather like a chaotic image of heaven and earth", and "Wonton" is homophonic with "chaos". When Pangu opened the sky, chaos began. It is wise to eat wonton. Old people all say, "If you eat solstice wonton in summer, it won't be hot." Eating wonton on the summer solstice also contains a good desire to pray for peace.

According to historical records, in the court of the Song Dynasty, every summer solstice, the royal chef would pack a kind of summer solstice wonton for the queens to eat. In fact, the court of the Song Dynasty not only ate wonton in the summer solstice, but also ate wonton in the other 23 solar terms of the year. Therefore, there was a famous noodle called "Twenty-four solar terms wonton" in the court of the Song Dynasty, and Gaozong in the Southern Song Dynasty especially loved wonton.

1 1, Xiaoshu

A few days before and after the Summer Festival, there is a folk custom of "hanging hundreds of suozi on the house".

White lock, also known as five-color silk thread, is tied around a child's arm or neck during the Dragon Boat Festival, which is believed to ward off evil spirits. In ancient China, five colors were worshipped, which were auspicious colors. Therefore, in the early morning of the Dragon Boat Festival, the first important thing for adults after getting up is to tie five-color lines on their wrists, ankles and necks. Children are not allowed to talk when tying the thread. The five-color line should not be broken or discarded at will, and can only be thrown into the river during a heavy rain in summer or the first bath. It is said that children wearing five-color lines can avoid the harm of snakes and scorpions and throw them into the river, which means that the river will wash away plagues and diseases and make children safe and healthy. On June 6th, two days before the summer festival, children all over the world will wear "Bai Suozi" on their hands during the Dragon Boat Festival. Why is this?

Legend has it that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in the sky are separated by the cruel Queen Mother across the Milky Way, and they can only meet each other on the seventh day of July in a year. But there is a vast galaxy between them, and there is no ferry. What should we do?

Therefore, on June 6th, children all over the world will put the "white locks" on their hands during the Dragon Boat Festival in their houses for magpies to pick up, and build a beautiful rainbow bridge on the Milky Way so that the cowherd and the Weaver Girl can meet. The custom of "putting hundreds of suozi on the house" has pinned people's good wishes.

12, great summer

In Taizhou Bay, Zhejiang Province, there is a custom of "sending a summer boat".

It is a folk custom to send a summer boat to Jia in Jiaojiang, Zhejiang. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, epidemics often occurred here, especially in the hot summer. People think that this is caused by the five evil spirits, so they built five shrines on the riverside, and even on the day of the Summer Festival, they sent offerings to Jiaojiangkou with special wooden boats. The meaning is obvious, that is, send away the plague and pray for peace.

It is said that as early as the 1920s, the "Summer Boat" in Taizhou Bay was the largest and famous. Every lunar summer, the folk custom of "sending a boat to spend the summer" in Zhi Zhi officially plays the banner of "fishing holiday", and the activities are very prosperous.

The climax of the activity is to send a "summer boat" to the river in the hot summer, accompanied by various folk art performances. People are crowded and in high spirits. The mighty crowd sent a beautifully made paper boat to the river for a delivery ceremony. When the summer boat went out to sea, firecrackers exploded along the river and cheers thundered. Many people read "Send Peace in Summer" repeatedly. All the fishing boats originally moored at the riverside wharf started to form a huge fleet to escort Xia boats out to sea. It was not until the shadow of the boat was no longer seen that the people on the riverside set foot on the road home.

13, beginning of autumn

In early autumn, especially the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, there are many folk customs. In Zhulinguan area of Shangluo, there is a custom of "touching autumn". That night, the childless woman after marriage, accompanied by her sister-in-law or other female companions, secretly groped for melons and beans in the fields under the fruit stand and bean shed, hence the name "Touching Autumn".

There are many sayings in custom. Touching a pumpkin is easy to give birth to a boy; Touching lentils is easy to give birth to girls; Touching white lentils is more auspicious, besides giving birth to girls, it is a good sign to grow old together. According to the traditional custom, the owner of the garden can't blame him for picking all the fruits and beans that night. No matter how late aunt comes home, parents are not allowed to criticize her.

On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, before the moon came out, the children got into the nearby autumn fields as usual and touched something to go home. If you touch onions, parents think that children grow up smart; If you touch the melon and fruit, parents think that the child will eat and drink in the future and everything will be fine. People regard "touching the autumn" as a game and don't punish theft.

In Shangnan County, on Mid-Autumn Festival night, after eating moon cakes, children who refuse to grow tall touch sorghum. People without boys touch eggplant; No girls touch peppers; Children who are not smart touch onions. This custom existed before the Qing Dynasty and has been circulated among the people since the Republic of China.

14, hot summer

In the summer around July 15th of the lunar calendar, there will be folk activities to celebrate the Central Plains, usually called "July 30" or "Central Plains Festival". Taiwan Province Province has the custom of "worshipping good brothers" at this time.

In Taiwan Province Province, ghosts are commonly called "good brothers", and the ghosts in Pudu on the Mid-Autumn Festival are called "worshipping good brothers". This custom comes from the story of "Mu Lian saves the mother":

Among the disciples of the Buddha, Lian Zun, the most powerful, misses his dead mother. He used his magical power to see his mother's greed for karma when she was alive, degenerated into an evil spirit after her death, and lived a life without food and clothing. Mumang used divine power to turn it into food and gave it to her mother. But her mother didn't change her greed. When she saw the food coming, she was afraid that other evil spirits would take her food. Under greed, the food immediately turned into charcoal in her mouth and could not be swallowed.

Although Mu Yulian has magical power, as the son of human beings, she can't save her mother, which is very painful. What about Buddha? The Buddha said, "July 15th is the last day of summer, and Buddhism is all good. On this day, the pot was full of flavor, and the monks in the lane had great merits. You can use this compassion to save your dead mother. " This is the origin of "worshipping good brothers" in Purdue, Taiwan Province.

15, Millennium

There is an old legend about the origin of the Millennium Festival.

Legend has it that Millennium is an excellent chef, unparalleled in the world, and even the most critical emperor has nothing to say. One day, the emperor asked the Millennium, "The best in the world?" The Millennium replied, "Salt!" The emperor originally wanted to show off his "delicacies", but in the Millennium he boasted about the "salt" that even ordinary people saw widely. How is salt "the best"? Contempt for imperial power, this is "the crime of deceiving the monarch"! The emperor killed for thousands of years in a rage, and ordered the chef not to use salt for seven days.

For seven days in a row, delicacies became tasteless without salt. The more the emperor ate, the more he wanted to vomit, knowing that he had killed him by mistake for thousands of years. The emperor regretted it, so he wrote the words "seven days late, lawless" on the plain silk with the imperial pen. Just when a minister visited, the emperor didn't want others to know that he had "repented", so he quickly burned the silk book. This burning was just accepted by the passing city god. Lord Huang Cheng dedicated it to the Jade Emperor, who "allowed to play", so there was a "Millennium Festival" to commemorate the Millennium.

16, autumnal equinox

On the autumnal equinox, it is a traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "the sun is sacrificed in spring and the moon is sacrificed in autumn". Now Mid-Autumn Festival comes from the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival.

According to textual research, the original "Moon Festival" was set on the day of "Autumn Equinox", but there is not always a full moon because of the different days of August in the lunar calendar every year. And the moon without the moon is a big spoil the fun. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival was later transferred from the Equinox to the Mid-Autumn Festival.

According to historical records, as early as the Zhou Dynasty, ancient emperors had the custom of offering sacrifices to the sun at the vernal equinox, to the land at the summer solstice, to the moon at the autumn equinox and to heaven at the winter solstice. Its places of worship are called Ritan, Ditan, Yuetan and Tiantan. It is located in four directions: southeast and northwest. The Moon Altar in Beijing is the place where emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to the moon. The Book of Rites says: "The son of heaven is sunny in spring and autumn is in the evening. The DPRK, the evening of the moon. " The moon here refers to offering sacrifices to the moon at night. This custom is not only pursued by the imperial court and the upper nobility, but also gradually affects the people with the development of society.

17, cold dew

Before and after the cold dew season, it coincides with the Double Ninth Festival. As we all know, the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival has a long history. Because the Double Ninth Festival is around the cold dew solar terms, the climate with pleasant cold dew solar terms is very suitable for mountaineering, so the custom of climbing slowly on the Double Ninth Festival has become the custom of the cold dew season.

There is also an interesting legend about the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival.

According to legend, during the Eastern Han Dynasty, plague prevailed in Runan area. There was a man named Huan Jing who felt the sufferings of the people and wanted to save them from the fire and water. So I learned the magic of eliminating disasters and saving people by worshipping Fei Changfang as a teacher. One day, Fei Changfang told Huan Jing that on the ninth day of September, the god of plague killed another person and told Huan Jing to go back and save the villagers: "On the ninth day, leave home and climb high, put Cornus officinalis in a red cloth bag, tie it to your arm and drink chrysanthemum wine, and you can defeat the god of plague."

Huan Jing went home and told all the villagers. On September 9, the Ruhe River surged and the plague demon struck. But because of the pungent chrysanthemum wine, the smell of Cornus officinalis stung the heart and made it difficult to get close. Huan Jing wielded a sword to cut the plague at the foot of the mountain. At night, people came home and found that "chickens, dogs, cattle and sheep died suddenly", and people survived because they went out to climb mountains. Since then, Chongyang has climbed high to avoid disaster and has been passed down to this day. Over time, mountain climbing has become a beautiful and elegant custom. In the cold and dew season of crisp autumn, mountaineering has also become a traditional activity for people to exercise and feel the nature.

18, first frost

In Xia Lei Town, China, there is a "Zhuang First first frost Festival". Its origin is related to the legend of baking bread and celebrating harvest in Xia Lei. According to legend, the 14th Tusi Xu and his wife, Tusi's daughter, Cen, rode an ox with their husband to the coast of Fujian and Vietnam in the late Qing Dynasty to resist Japan. Because cen yuyin rode an ox to fight, he was called "moya". "Ya" is the name of an old woman in Zhuang language, and "Mo" is a cow. Cen's victory over the enemy coincided with the first frost festival. The people of Xia Lei built a temple in memory of Xu Hecen. On the first frost day, people held a wandering activity with lingering portraits. Festivals have a history of more than 300 years.

Due to Xia Lei's special geographical location and long-standing toast culture, the first first frost Festival has developed from a simple harvest celebration to a comprehensive folk activity of offering sacrifices to national heroes, conducting commercial activities and performing folk culture. It shows the rich and colorful folk culture of Zhuang nationality and bears the historical memory of Zhuang Tusi culture and anti-aggression struggle.

19, beginning of winter

In early winter, there is a custom of "sending cold clothes". Every year, the first day of the tenth lunar month is the "Cold Clothes Festival". On this day, special attention is paid to paying homage to those who died first, which is called sending cold clothes. In order to prevent ancestors from freezing in the underworld, on this day, people will burn five-color paper and send them warm clothes, which reflects the memory of their old friends and the pity of the living for the dead.

The custom of "Sending Cold Clothes Festival" comes from the story of "Meng Jiangnu crying at the Great Wall".

According to legend, during the Qin Shihuang period, there was a woman in Mengjiawan in the south of the Yangtze River, Tingting Yuli, who fell in love with a handsome man, Fan Xiliang, at the age of eighteen. Just as they were about to get married, officers and men who could catch young people came, took Fan Xiliang away and sent him to the north to repair the Great Wall of Wan Li. Meng Jiangnv misses her husband day and night and is extremely sad. One day, snow fell in the south of the Yangtze River and the north wind roared. Meng Jiangnv shuddered and thought that her husband's clothes had been worn for several years. How could she resist the cold wind outside the Great Wall? She decided to make a warm coat for her husband and deliver it herself.

When Meng Jiangnv came to the foot of the Great Wall in cold clothes, she never imagined that a year ago, her husband Fan Xiliang was exhausted alive and his bones were buried under the Great Wall in Wan Li. Hearing this, Meng Jiangnv burst into tears. While crying, she beat her hand against the wall and shouted her husband's name. Meng Jiangnv cried for a miserable husband and scolded a cruel tyrant. In her angry complaint, the north wind roared in the sky, and the waves rolled and pressed against the Great Wall of Wan Li. Suddenly there was a loud noise, and the Great Wall of Wan Li collapsed, exposing a bone. Meng Jiangnv cried for seven days and seven nights holding these bones, and then wanted to burn these cold clothes. Just then, I saw the cold clothes slowly floating down, turned three times around Meng Jiangnu, and then fell firmly, covering the bones.

20, xiaoxue

"Eating Ciba when light snow comes" is a traditional custom in Jiangnan water town. At this time of year, adults and children will talk about it: what's the date today? There are still a few days to go to Xiaoxue. Whose glutinous rice has been ground and whose is still hanging in the field? At this time, the children are very excited and feel like the New Year. Sometimes when the weather is bad and the glutinous rice harvest is late, adults are not ready to cook and eat, but they can't beat the children, so they try to borrow some to cook and eat.

"Ciba" also has a name, which means "Ciba", which means that glutinous rice is boiled in a pot and then mashed with a wooden stick. On the night of making "jiaozi", my parents prepared stuffing and flour for bread. The stuffing is black sesame cooked and mashed, mixed with sugar, and some red melons, cucumbers and nuts. They are all added when conditions are good, then cooked with rice flour outside, sprinkled on the table, and then the mashed glutinous rice is taken out, put on it, put into the stuffing, and then wrapped, and the outside is glued with rice flour, which does not stick to hands. In this way, a jiaozi will be ready.

2 1, heavy snow

In the snowy season, it is freezing. What impresses people most is the legend of "Hao Han Bird".

Legend has it that there is a bird called Hao Han Bird. This kind of bird is different. It has four feet and two naked wings. It can't fly like an ordinary bird. In summer, Hao Han birds are covered with gorgeous feathers and look very beautiful. Hao Han bird is very proud. It thinks it is the most beautiful bird in the world, and even the Phoenix can't compare with itself. So it shook its feathers all day and walked around, singing proudly: "Phoenix is not as good as me! Phoenix is not as good as me! "

Summer passed, autumn came, and the birds were busy. Some of them began to fly to the south together, preparing to spend the warm winter there. Some stayed and worked hard all day, accumulating food, mending nests and preparing for winter. Only the Hao Han bird, which has neither the ability to fly to the south nor the desire to work hard, is still wandering around all day and still showing off its beautiful feathers.

Winter finally came, the weather was extremely cold, and the birds returned to their warm nests. At this time, Hao Han birds lost all their beautiful feathers. At night, it hides in a crevice, shivering with cold. It has been crying, "it's so cold, so cold, wait until dawn to build a nest!" " After dawn, the sun came out and the warm sunshine shone. Hao Han bird forgot the cold at night and continued to sing, "Muddle along!"! "It's so warm in the sun!"

Hao Han birds are mixed day by day, day by day, and they have never been able to build a nest for themselves. In the snow season, the north wind roared and the sunshine lost its former warmth. Hao Han Bird failed to survive the cold snow and solar terms, and finally froze to death in a crack in the rock.

22. Solstice in winter

In the north of China, jiaozi is an indispensable holiday feast in the winter solstice of the Lunar New Year every year, regardless of whether the family is rich or not. As the saying goes, "On 10/day, when winter solstice comes, every family eats jiaozi." The origin of this custom is because Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", gave up medicine in the winter solstice.

Zhang Zhongjing is from the Eastern Han Dynasty. He wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which is a masterpiece of doctors. Quhan Meili Ear Soup has been regarded as a classic by doctors in past dynasties. Zhang Zhongjing has a famous saying: "if you advance, you will survive;" If you retreat, you will save the people; " You can't be a good doctor and you can't be a good doctor. "He was a magistrate in Changsha, and then resolutely resigned and returned to his hometown, visiting the sick and taking medicine, practicing medicine in the lobby and treating neighbors.

When Zhang Zhongjing returned to China, it was already winter. He saw that the villagers on both sides of the Baihe River were sallow and emaciated, hungry and cold, and many people's ears were frozen. He asked his disciples to build a medical shed and a cauldron in Dongguan, Nanyang, and give up their "charming ears" to treat frostbite on the day of winter solstice. He boiled mutton and some herbs for dispelling cold in a pot, then took out the mutton and chopped the medicine, made ear-shaped "dumplings" with bread, and distributed them to people who came to ask for medicine after cooking, two "dumplings" for each person and a big bowl of broth. People ate "Joule" and drank "Quhan Decoction", and they were all hot, their ears were hot, and their frostbitten ears were cured. Later generations learned the appearance of Joule and packaged it into food, also called "jiaozi" or "flat food". When you eat jiaozi on the solstice in winter, you will never forget the kindness of Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", in "Quhan Joule Decoction". Up to now, there is still a folk song in Nanyang, which is called "jiaozi Bowl, and nobody cares about frozen ears." .

23, slight cold

Plum blossom is the first flower letter of the slight cold solar term, and it has been an eternal theme praised by poets since ancient times. Yongmei's poetry originated in the Six Dynasties, rose in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, flourished in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, followed by the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and still has a lasting appeal. These poems either describe the quality of plum blossoms, or describe the charm of Yongmei, or paint the charm of plum blossoms, or sing the feelings of plum blossoms. Most of them are novel in conception, and they use plum blossoms that stand proudly in frost and snow and are not afraid of cold to express the noble sentiment of the author who is not afraid of violence, dares to struggle and dares to win.

24. Great cold

In the cold solar terms, there is a very important day for northerners-Laba, which is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On this day, people cook a pot of sweet and delicious "Laba porridge" with whole grains, peanuts, chestnuts, red dates and lotus seeds. There are different opinions about the origin of Laba porridge. The following is just one of the legends.

According to legend, in the northern part of ancient India, that is, in the southern part of Nepal today, there was a king of suddhodana, in the kingdom of Kapilowei. He has a son named Gautama Siddharta. When he was young, he felt all kinds of pains of birth, aging, illness and death, found that social life was futile, and was extremely dissatisfied with the theocracy of Brahmanism. So, at the age of 29, he abandoned the luxurious life of the royal family and became a monk and an ascetic for six years.

One day in about 525 BC, he was so hungry that he decided not to do it. Then I met a shepherdess and gave him chyle to eat. He ate chyle and recovered his strength, so he sat under a bodhi tree in Sakyamuni, realized the Tao and founded Buddhism. According to historical records, this day is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in China. Because he was Sakyamuni, Buddhists later called him Sakyamuni, which means Sakyamuni's saint.

After Buddhism was introduced into China, the activities of building temples and cooking porridge to worship Buddha became popular. Especially on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, when Sakyamuni offered sacrifices to practice Buddhism, all monasteries would recite scriptures, and follow the legendary procedure of offering a kind of "chyle" before Buddhism became a Buddha, and boiled porridge with torreya grandis and fruits for the Buddha, named "Laba porridge". This is the origin of "Laba porridge".