Filter: It is mainly used to realize various special effects of images. Played a very magical role in Photoshop. In Photoshop, all filters are placed in the menu according to the classification, and only need to execute this command from the menu when using. The operation of the filter is simple, but it is difficult to use it correctly. Filters are usually used in combination with channels, layers, etc. In order to achieve the best artistic effect. In order to apply the filter to the most suitable position at the most suitable time, in addition to the usual artistic skills, users need to be familiar with and control the filter, and even need to have rich imagination. Only in this way can we apply filters in a targeted way and give full play to our artistic talent.

Filters mainly include the following types:

UV (ultraviolet) mirror This kind of mirror can basically eliminate the influence of ultraviolet light and stray light on film sensitivity, and at the same time protect the lens. Photography is more needed in plateau areas. The skylight absorbs ultraviolet rays and is suitable for all weather. Outdoor photography can reduce the blue shadow caused by scattered light in the sun and keep the natural color. At the same time, it protects the lens. Red mirror (R) absorbs blue light, which can produce romantic sky effect or moonlit effect when shooting during the day, and has the function of absorbing ultraviolet rays. When shooting, it is generally necessary to add three levels of exposure, which can be mastered flexibly according to shooting requirements and filter depth. This kind of mirror is generally used for black-and-white photos and can also be used for color photography. The orange mirror absorbs blue and green light and passes through yellow, orange and red, that is, the wavelength is about 560-700nm. It can deepen the blue tone and enhance the contrast effect of the scene. The yellow mirror (Y) is used for all black and white films. It can accurately correct the tone of full-color film in outdoor photography, so that there is a greater contrast between blue sky or trees and white clouds. It can be used as a special effect filter in color photography. The green mirror (G) passes yellow and green light, absorbs red light and blue and purple light, and can pass a wavelength range of about 500-600nm. Often used to darken the sky and show skin color. Need to increase the exposure by about 3 levels. Generally only full-color film is used. The blue mirror (b) is used for black and white photography. Mirrors absorb red, orange and yellow through cyan, blue and purple light. When the wavelength is about 400-500nm, it is necessary to increase the exposure by about 2 levels (depending on the depth of the color lens). Grey mirror (ND) has consistent absorption characteristics in the visible range. It blocks light without changing color. It is a common filter to adjust brightness. Leighton 80 is a color temperature conversion filter, which is divided into three types: A, B and C. Leighton 80A can increase the color temperature from 3200K to 5500 K. Using this reflector, solar films can be applied to artificial light sources. Leiden 8 1 Leiden 8 1 is a light balance filter with warm colors, which is divided into three types: A, B and C. The color is light amber, which can slightly correct the blue tendency in the shooting picture to restore the true color. In practical use, Leiden 8 1C is the most. Leiden 82 This mirror is a color balance filter. Light blue, divided into three types: A, B and C. This kind of filter is characterized by small color temperature change, and is mostly used for fine adjustment on the premise that the color temperature of light source is basically the same as that of film balance. Leiden 85 85 series is divided into three types: A, B and C, which belong to color temperature conversion filter. 85B can reduce the color temperature from 5500K to 3200K. The mirror is amber, which is suitable for using light film in the sun. Fluoroscope Fluoroscope is a special color compensation filter. When daylight color film is used to shoot under fluorescent lighting, the shot picture will produce blue and green tones. If you shoot with a fluorescent lens, you can correct the above color deviation and make the color of the picture return to reality. Dimming night vision goggles are gray mirrors. Be strongly blocked by light. Under the premise of proper exposure, you can shoot excellent night scenes in the sun. Red intensifier mirror is an advanced filter, which is made of imported optical materials made of expensive rare earth elements. It can completely absorb the turbid yellow light and orange light between 570 and 600 nm in the spectrum, and at the same time make the red light pass smoothly. Therefore, the color saturation of red, light red and brownish red objects in the scene can be significantly improved, making them more vivid, gorgeous and intense. For example, maple leaves are redder in autumn, and strawberries and tomatoes are more attractive; The atmosphere of sunset is more intense; Weddings or Christmas are more festive. When mirrors are used with polarizers, the blue sky can be more colorful and beautiful. The exposure of 1/2- 1 should be increased when using this mirror. Gradient mirror gradient mirror is one of the most important filters in photographic art creation. It can be divided into gradient mirror and gradient diffusion mirror, and can be divided into soft gradient and hard gradient in gradient form. "Soft" means a large transition range, and vice versa, it means a small transition range, which should be chosen according to the creative characteristics. A polarizer will weaken the reflected light on the surface of an object. Exterior photography can make the blue sky bluer, with sharp contrast and saturated colors. Black-and-white and color photography are acceptable. When shooting, you need to add 2 levels of exposure, which is a necessary filter for photographers. Soft focus lens, also known as soft light lens, is divided into 1#, 2# and 3#. Using this lens can produce a soft and clear effect. Shooting portraits can soften wrinkles, spots, pores, etc. Human skin creates a delicate, rich, youthful and charming effect. This kind of mirror is widely used in all kinds of photography and post-production. Atomizing mirror is a common filter in natural scenery photography, and it is also widely used in advertising photography and portrait shooting. It can make the work have a foggy effect and increase the sense of atmospheric perspective. According to the intensity of lens diffusion, different models are divided. A strong lens can produce a dense fog effect, and a weak lens can produce a mist effect. In addition, the exposure will also have an impact on the intensity of fog. Crescent soft mirror is a kind of hazy mirror, which is designed to create special effects for wedding photography in professional studios. The crescent-shaped mirror can give people an elegant dreamy feeling and is full of romantic colors. It is one of the most popular mirrors in wedding photography. This is a special effect mirror with a translucent cylindrical lens and the other half. Installing an overspeed mirror in front of the lens can make the front end of the image of the subject clear, and most of the images behind it are dragged out of the virtual shadow, thus making the object show the effect of rapid movement, just like a moving object coming at a high speed, and the picture is dynamic and interesting. The mirror is a rectangular reflector with positive reflection (mirror vacuum silver plating) and a pair of coaxial knobs at both ends (for adjusting the lens angle). It is best to fix the camera with a tripod and shoot with a short focal length and a small aperture. Using this kind of mirror, the land scenery, buildings and people around without water can be photographed as if they were photographed by lakes or rivers, and the reflection of the scenery clearly appears, making the whole picture interesting. Tip: Pay attention to protecting the specular reflection film. Starlight mirror Starlight mirror is divided into 2 lines, 4 lines, 6 lines, 8 lines, 16 lines, etc. A series of parallel lines are etched regularly on the surface of colorless optical glass, which makes the light diffract and produce radiation effect. It is an essential effect mirror for shooting a stage or night scene, which can play an extraordinary role in the picture. Starlight mirror is a kind of filter with small "gullies" etched on its surface. When the light passes through this filter, it will spread into a line along the small "ditch" on the filter. This filter is often used when shooting night scenes, which can capture the flickering effect of light in the picture. [2] The magic mirror, also known as the cyclone mirror, takes the center as the focus and scatters spirally around, and the effect is like entering the magical magic world. You can use a wide-angle lens or a small aperture when using it. 25. Explosion mirror: Also known as scattering mirror, it focuses on the center and produces strong radiation (explosion) around it. The movement is obvious, and the effect is better with complex background. It is one of the filters that render the dynamic effect of the subject. Shoot with a small aperture when using. The hollow filter in the hollow mirror keeps the original state of the glass in the central part, and the periphery is processed into various effects through special technology, including red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, soft light, starlight, hazy, close-up, fog and so on. The main feature of this kind of mirror is to highlight the theme and create an atmosphere that sets off the center around. It is one of the effect mirrors commonly used by photographers. The dream mirror is characterized by the central focus, and the surrounding scenery is hazy and microstrip halo, which makes people feel like they are in a dream. It is often used to shoot wedding dresses and stars, and also used in other artistic photography. This kind of mirror is more effective in dark background and when using a long focal length lens. Close-up with this lens, the lens can focus on objects much closer than usual, thus producing close-up images, such as shooting flowers, insects and so on. Or re-create written materials. This mirror can be divided into four grades:+1, +2, +3 and +4. Try to use a small aperture when shooting. Photography and TV camera are both suitable. Prism Prism is divided into 2 shadows, 3 shadows, 4 shadows, 5 shadows, 7 shadows, etc. It is made of optical glass by cold working. When shooting, the aperture is small and the overlapping interference between images is less; The aperture is large and there are many overlapping interferences. If the shooting distance is short, there will be more overlap between images, while if the shooting distance is long, there will be less overlap between images. In addition, the scene background should not be complicated, otherwise it will affect the visual effect. This mirror works better with a SLR camera. Multi-row mirrors belong to prisms, and their usage is the same as that of multi-prisms, but they are arranged in the same direction. This kind of mirror can form a special interest and is often used in advertising photography. The rainbow after rain in rainbow mirror can artificially simulate the rainbow effect in any season, thus adding a charming and novel feeling to the picture. In order to make the simulated rainbow effect more ideal, we should choose the backlight when shooting, and pay attention to the influence of the change of focal length and aperture on the clarity of the rainbow. If the photographer uses a focal length of 35mm, it is generally appropriate to use an aperture of F 1 1. MC-UV mirror multilayer coating UV mirror is a kind of multilayer coating anti-ultraviolet filter, which uses multilayer coating technology to protect the lens, filter ultraviolet rays, enhance contrast and increase color saturation. Compared with UV mirror, MC-UV mirror is more suitable for shooting in seaside, mountains, snowfields and open areas, which can weaken the blue tone caused by ultraviolet light. At the same time, for digital cameras, it can also eliminate the interference of ultraviolet rays on CCD, which is helpful to improve the definition and the effect of color reproduction.