1. How far is the future?
Change is the characteristic of the future. "Active meeting and active intervention" is the requirement for us in the future. Instead of asking how far the future is, it is better to pay attention to every tiny trend change in the future.
"The future will always come, and uninvited; The future has come, and now there is a future; The future is bright and the action is done! "
2. In the future, schools will be replaced by learning centers. Who is the learning center?
Both primary and secondary schools and universities; There are both basic education, preschool education, vocational education and higher education; It includes not only school education, but also family education, social education and lifelong education, which is education from cradle to grave. But universities may be the first to change.
Learning centers can be in communities, university campuses, virtual cyberspace or mixed schools that combine online learning with traditional learning.
3. What will the future school center look like?
In fact, it is to learn * * * and "five noes" products.
1) There are no classrooms, and every room must be reserved.
There is no concept of class, grade, classroom, etc. And there is no fixed timetable, and there is no such institution as the "principal's office". This operation depends on "teachers' guidance and self-managed learning". Much like today's new network company.
2) There is no unified teaching material.
Traditional teaching is a textbook that travels all over the world, so I'm not afraid that I can't read the textbook and fail the exam. This is not enough for creative exploration.
In order to meet the basic standards and pass the examination evaluation, and to learn better, more interesting and more challenging, the learning center should have teaching materials with different degrees, different personalities and different challenges. Of course, students are also allowed to choose teaching materials that suit them.
3) There is no winter and summer vacation and no time for school.
The study time is more flexible. All students can wait, there are no weekends, no winter and summer vacations, and students arrange their study time according to their own needs. The course can be 45 minutes, 40 minutes or10–15 minutes. You can learn one course or several courses in half a day, provided that the students volunteer. This is humanized thinking.
The 45 minutes in the traditional classroom, because students have different foundations and different learning backgrounds, 1/3 people can't understand it, and 1/3 people already understand it. In fact, I am accompanying other people in the class, which is inhuman.
4) Without the academic system, you can enter school at the age of 8 or 80, which is more personalized and flexible.
In the future, the learning cycle of the school will be more flexible. You can have nine years of compulsory education or ten years; You can go to school at the age of six or at the age of eight; You can have classes at eight o'clock or nine o'clock. Old people and children can study in the same classroom. In the face of the unknown, everyone is equal, and mixed age has become an important learning feature, a common phenomenon, not a rare scenery.
Everything that is unified is a unified management method in the era of big industry. You can study at any time, and all the study records can be kept in credit banks and different data centers.
5) There is no teacher in the traditional sense, the Tao is the first, and the capable is the teacher.
Teachers are more diverse and open, and they are guides and companions of autonomous learning. The smartest person in the room is not the teacher in front of the podium, but the sum of everyone's wisdom. Teachers can start their own businesses, teachers can change jobs within the system, and the curriculum services provided by their own teaching studios or curriculum companies can also be special resources provided by the society for schools. Such as the current "Nanming Education".
Fourth, who will study in the future school?
1) There is no class.
Whoever wants to learn is a student, which is the highest state of Confucius' teaching.
It is extremely wrong and arbitrary to put all games and studies in childhood, all work in middle age and all regrets in old age.
In the future school, capable people will become teachers and scholars will make a living.
2) Mixed age learning
"It is a very cold and inhuman thing to divide people by age. The same is true for children, which will interrupt the connection between life and make it impossible for people to learn from each other. " -Montessori
Mixed age can help and complement each other. For example, after the resumption of the college entrance examination, there are both 20-year-old young people and 40-year-old parents. Another example is the mixed-age school run by Sandford and his wife in the United States.
When children come to school, parents can also come to school at the same time, and old people can also come to school. When studying in it runs in the family, it is possible to * * * study, * * * write and * * * live; Students from different communities and cities can come to study; Study? Center, underage students are not necessarily the mainstream, but also can meet the learning needs of people of all ages.
5. Who will teach the learning center?
The almighty is a teacher, and those who can teach can teach it.
1, intelligent robots become the man of the hour, but they will not replace the role of teachers. Because it does not have the core function of teachers: emotional communication between people, that is, human touch and interaction. However, the future education will enter a new era of "man-machine teaching". Ask the teacher to do two things: learn to do things that robots can't do; Learn to get along with robots and make them work for me.
2. Teachers will become freelancers in the future. The growing demand for individualization, differentiation and customization of education has ended the era of completely acquiring knowledge and skills from teachers, and the era of "people who can be teachers" is coming soon. "Logical Thinking, Himalaya, Zhihu" are all paid courses offered by freelance teachers.
3. In teachers' professional skills, imparting knowledge and checking homework will become guidance and companionship for students; He is both a coach and a sparring partner, growing up with students. Pay attention to communication, help students learn and solve problems, and pay attention to the internal needs of students' growth.
Traditional teachers are responsible for "covering the bottom" and implementing the will of the state; Social education institutions such as New Oriental are responsible for providing better teacher resources.
Anyone who is good at learning can impart his knowledge and skills to students through platforms such as schools and educational institutions.
Sixth, the learning center, what to learn?
Based on life curriculum, intellectual education, civic education and art education are the main ones, and "characteristic curriculum" is the necessary supplement.
1. In the future, people's study will change from studying for diplomas to studying for improving their interests and abilities.
The richness of courses determines the richness of life, and the Excellence of courses determines the Excellence of life. Strictly speaking, the curriculum should not be limited to the scope of school education, but an all-round and whole-process system based on family education, with school education as the mainstay, social education as the supplement and self-education as the supplement. The essence of curriculum is the life experience of both teachers and students, and it is an important energy to give teachers and students life growth. As the energy of life growth, curriculum changes from quantitative change to qualitative change through the superposition inside and outside the classroom, the collision between school and family, and various forms of interactive homework, and finally knowledge and social life, teachers and students' life reach * * *, forming a curriculum.
2, the course of life, the foothold is to "expand the length, width and height of life", so that everyone can become the best of themselves. (The length of life, the width of knowledge, the height of spiritual life)
The foothold of intellectual education curriculum lies in "truth". It combines the great humanities of literature, history, philosophy and geography, the great science of mathematical materialization, and reconstructs the intellectual classroom. The purpose of the course is not to impart knowledge, but to form wisdom and the ability to use knowledge. Learn through "project-based learning and theme learning".
The foothold of civic education curriculum lies in "goodness". The goal is to cultivate citizens who abide by social morality, recognize, understand, abide by and safeguard China's Constitution, care about and participate in public affairs, have independent thinking ability and dare to take responsibility, and have a sense of belonging to national traditions and culture.
The foothold of art education curriculum lies in "beauty". Integrating the concepts of curriculum and great art.
The above courses do not exceed 50% of students' learning content, so that students have time to study their own "special courses" calmly. Solve the "character" problem.
3. Personalized learning content, students' goals, aspirations and potential are the starting points of schools and teachers; What to learn, students have the final say, learn according to their own rhythm and rhythm, and have the inner motivation and master consciousness of learning; There are not so many "walls" in the learning center, breaking through the barriers of disciplines, integrating disciplines and attaching importance to practice; Customization of learning content.
Seven, learning center, how to learn?
Online and offline combination, individual and team combination, space and time are broken.
1, student-centered, not knowledge-centered.
Student-centered system management, dare to hand over personal affairs to independent management;
The major event of the school is also student management. Every student has the right to vote. Students can manage everything from study to personnel to finance. Students can vote to decide whether the teacher will stay or not. The school sports meeting is hosted by students, which is also a student-centered embodiment.
Student-centered is also reflected in the academic system. Encourage students to do what they want. They can study math in grade five or high school. Students know what is most important to them.
2, academic ability is important, education is not important.
Education represents the past, academic ability means the future, and those who are not good at learning will be eliminated. By 2030, personal ability will be greatly respected, and school diplomas will be challenged by vocational certification. There can be no real creation without learning, and there can be no exuberant creativity without rich academic ability.
3. Personalized learning based on learning.
Determine the starting point, methods and strategies of teaching according to the specific situation of students.
"Learning situation" includes the basic information of students' knowledge, ability foundation, students' cognitive level in different years, students' preview before class, students' emotional state of new knowledge and so on. You can use artificial intelligence to digitize.
"Fixed teaching" refers to determining that the starting point of teaching should not be too low or too high, choosing the most suitable teaching content and optimizing teaching methods at the appropriate starting point, so that every student can get the greatest possible development.
Change the big class, unify the curriculum, unify the difficulty and unify the progress.
4. In the future, the school will break the traditional class teaching system and traditional classroom teaching mode, and form a new learning mode combining online and offline, collective teaching and group learning, active learning and cognitive outsourcing.
Advantages:
1) Ubiquitous learning that breaks through time and space constraints.
Ubiquitous learning refers to ubiquitous and ubiquitous learning, which is a way for anyone to obtain any information they need at any place, at any time and in any way. Also known as seamless learning, pervasive learning and ubiquitous learning.
2) Flexibility of study time and diversification of study space.
Time flexibility refers to going to school and leaving school. There is no fixed time to go to school and leave school. Different learning centers can arrange time freely, and learners can also make an appointment for study guidance or experimental exchange.
The diversification of learning space means that you can study in schools or community libraries, science and technology museums and various characteristic learning centers, or you can use online educational resources without going to a fixed classroom.
3) Learn to be gamified
"Play is a symbol of the integrity and unity of children's psychological attitude"-Dewey
Games are the nature of children and human beings. Games are a new force for future study. Freedom and creation are the most important features of the game spirit, and the courage to challenge is also the basic feature of the game spirit. Rule consciousness is also indispensable to the spirit of the game; Games can help reading; Games can help study. Learning through games is a hot word in international education.
4) Using virtual reality technology to realize immersion learning.
Virtual reality technology refers to the use of computer simulation to create a three-dimensional virtual world, providing users with visual, auditory, tactile and other sensory simulation, so that users can observe the affairs in three-dimensional space in time and without restrictions.
5) Project-based learning
PBL: Project-based learning.
Compared with problem-based learning. Regardless of mathematics and physical chemistry, teachers drive students to find real, meaningful and coherent questions in the project, so that students can deeply understand relevant knowledge around the project, involving mathematical problems, solving them with mathematical knowledge, involving chemistry and solving them with chemical knowledge.
6) Cooperative inquiry learning replaces receptive learning.
Project-based learning is realized through cooperative inquiry learning.
Research-based learning is a kind of learning method oriented to research and solve problems. This is a revolutionary change in the way students learn. The way students discover concepts and laws through various facts; Whether problems are found and effective inquiry activities are carried out; Whether the solution is found through hypothesis, reasoning and analysis; Then collect facts through observation and experiment, and whether the obtained data can be summarized, compared and statistically analyzed to form an explanation of the problem; Can we find new problems in effective exploration and conduct more in-depth research on the problems?
It is the trend of modern teaching reform, more in line with the law of scientific discovery and scientific creation, and can give full play to learners' own learning initiative and enthusiasm and stimulate learners' interest in learning.
7) cognitive outsourcing, methodology learning
Blended learning and cooperative learning will become the main learning methods in the future learning center.
Blended learning means that the subject of future learning is the combination of man and machine. With the help of external brain, artificial intelligence, big data and computer technology, cognitive outsourcing is a very important feature. In other words, information acquisition, classification and induction can all be entrusted to machines.
Cooperative learning is also an important feature of future learning, that is, the process of project-based and theme-based learning, and the process of teamwork to complete learning tasks.
8) Instruct students through the Internet
Under the Internet model, learning is no longer presentation, acceptance, evaluation and feedback, but a brand-new cognitive process. Curriculum and teaching need to pay more attention to curriculum design, user experience and social participation.
It will be an important feature of future research.
9) Big data and artificial intelligence achieve accurate learning.
Big data not only refers to a large amount of data, but also refers to the deep mining and analysis of large-scale data with staggered dimensions, diverse sources and diverse types, so as to seek the logical relationship behind the data and make people get rid of the previous preference choice of relying on small sample data and turn to decision-making based on rational evidence.
Through the collection, processing and analysis of big data, students can find and develop their learning potential and improve their academic performance. Students can take the initiative to learn, plan their own learning plans, decide personalized learning contents, paths and methods, monitor their learning progress at any time, and check the learning effect. Teachers can fully grasp students' learning behavior and learning results according to big data, and carry out targeted teaching. My class can now use small classes to punch in and summarize students' learning status, and the "seven-day network" of the county final exam can analyze students' grades at a glance, which is very detailed. Therefore, big data and artificial intelligence are essential basic skills for teachers. )
10) Students change from knowledge consumers to knowledge innovators.
Inquiry learning will become the main way of learning. The process of future learning itself is a process of exploration. Students can not only verify the knowledge they have discovered, but also create new knowledge in the process of learning.
Inquiry learning will become a very important way of learning in the future.
Eight, learning center, how to evaluate?
In the future, the school should establish a credit bank system, establish a credit account for each student and evaluate the learning results. It is not a single standard of "only scores are obedient".
Educational evaluation is an important link and means of school and social education, which has many functions such as detection, diagnosis, identification, prediction and guidance.
The problem of the current evaluation system is that school education emphasizes "examination-oriented", the standard examination is "selective" and the selection examination is "lifelong".
Credit bank takes credits as the unit to measure academic performance, establishes circulation tools by giving different credits to various academic achievements, and makes the equivalence between different academic achievements possible through the storage and exchange of credits. Simulate the organizational structure of banks, from "central bank" to "local banks", to "savings offices at all levels" and finally to "personal accounts".
Credit banks have crossed five major gaps: the gap in different educational stages; The gap between academic education and non-academic education; The gap between public education and private education; The gap between domestic education and foreign education; The gap between knowledge learning and ability training.
Yin Xue Online has established lifelong learning files for every student. It can ensure the smooth progress of online learning, carry out learning certification evaluation, and realize credit exchange and certificate issuance. A reward mechanism can be established.
Nine, learning center, what can parents do?
Parents are the discoverers, creators, managers, participants, teachers and learners of the future learning center.
Future study is not only between teachers and students, but also closely related to every family and parents. Learning is not only a unilateral task for children, it will be an important feature for parents to accompany their children to grow up in the future.
Family is the real learning center. There will be various forms of home schools in the future, and children studying at home will become a landscape of education.
Family education was once the "center" of human learning. After the modern education system, parents left their families and participated in social life, thus "fading out" the stage of education. Return of the King: Family becomes the "learning center" again. The equal rights movement in education in the West has aroused people's concern about "home-school cooperation".
1) Parents' suggestions play a great role when minors are unable to explore their own strengths and identify the characteristics of learning centers; When parents return to education completely, many families may become new learning centers, and different families help each other's children learn through the call of educational resources; The organizer of the learning center is a multi-subject, which needs democratic management and deep participation of parents, and can form a home-school cooperation Committee; Parents can be board members who can really vote; Can participate in the management of the learning center and supervise the work of the learning center.
2) Participation is also a way of management. Parent volunteers are not only a way to participate in the management of the learning center, but also an important form for * * * to enjoy family education resources; Inviting parents to teach in the class of new parents has become one of the most important forms that affect family resources. It can be integrated with disciplines, majors and reading, and can become a source of rich and distinctive curriculum resources in schools.
3) Growth is not a phased task, nor is it just a task completed at school. Growth is a habit and an ability. Life goes on and grows, which is the most beautiful gesture in a person's life. Growth is the same thing for parents and children, and it is a problem that both children and parents must face. Therefore, family education, school education and community education are not only aimed at children, but also the self-education of parents, teachers and community personnel. The growth process of parents and children is completely interactive. The growth of parents will drive the growth of children, and the growth of children will also promote the growth of parents. Excellent parents are more likely to raise better children. Conversely, learning how to scientifically cultivate children's rules also promotes parents to become better themselves.
4) Growth also has a * * * effect, and there is a growth field for life. Parents and children can not only broaden their children's horizons and enhance their physique, but also gain a lot from reading, exercising, going out for an outing and visiting museums together.
"Children are the Father of Adults"-Montessori
Parents should have a child's perspective in their studies. The greatness of a real child lies in seeing the world with a pair of unpolluted eyes and thinking about the world with a brain without any utility. Children can be a new perspective provided by adults.
5) Children are learners in the future learning center, which means parents should learn from each other.
The parents of the learning center are all people of the same size, they are voluntary choices, choices that deeply meet the needs, and the most natural and best learning partners. Learning will become a selfless and noble behavior.
Parents are learners in the learning center, which also refers to their lifelong learning in the learning center.
Education is not simply educating children, but also self-education of parents. Growing up is not only a matter for children, but also a matter for parents. Children will never grow up without their parents' study. Parents study hard and children make progress every day. Parents become learners and grow up with their children, which is the most beautiful scenery of education, the best attitude of parents towards life and the most remarkable feature of future learning centers.
X. Why must the future learning center be like this?
1. Schools are no longer the only place for education.
Ancient education was carried out in social practice; Modern school system is the product of industrial revolution, and schools have become the main channel of education. The affirmative action movement in the west takes equality of educational opportunities as the basic content, and mentions that the relationship between home and school determines children's academic performance; "Overlapping influence theory" mentions that the partnership between home and school clubs has overlapping influence on children's education and development. The school is not only the organization of educational activities, but also the cultural center and civilization engine of the community. Family is not only a social unit of kinship, but also a children's after-school and parent-child paradise; Community is not only the same unit of regional life, but also the second classroom and practice base for children.
From the future, the role of family and community in education will become more and more important.
2. Learning should return to life.
Education itself is life, and education is the way of life and action. "Education is a process of life, not preparing for future life. Schools must present the present life-that is, give children a real and energetic life. For example, the life they experience in their families, neighborhoods and sports venues. Without various forms of life, it is always a poor substitute for real reality, leading to a dull and lifeless situation "-Dewey. "Education is a simplified version and a condensed version of social life.
The center of the future and returning to life need to work hard in the following two aspects: one is to point to a happy life, and the other is to point to a complete life.
3. Knowledge-centered will become student-centered.
Proper education is the best education. In a sense, education is not simply to adapt to the outside world, but to enrich one's heart.
In the future educational reform, the emphasis should be placed on students, on their learning and on their learning activities. Paying attention to students' learning needs standardization, personalization and customization.
Personalization and customization are the main forms of future learning. Customize your own learning plan, determine the learning rhythm, and customize the learning content. The rise of learning science echoes the trend of the whole society and education from paying attention to "teaching" to "learning"
Teacher Zhu Yongxin's words are more philosophical: the future is not where we want to go, but where we are creating. Direction is more important than effort. Only by recognizing the direction of future education and the direction of future schools can we create a better education and a better learning center.